难选赤铁矿熔融还原炼铁及熔渣制备微晶玻璃

以河北宣化赤铁矿为主要原料,采用熔融还原法炼铁和浇铸工艺制备熔渣微晶玻璃,获得了可用于炼钢的生铁原料和建筑装饰用微晶玻璃. 利用正交试验设计方法探讨了不同原料配比组成条件下渣铁分离和熔渣微晶玻璃晶化的效果,确定了可用于工业试验的最佳原料配比(质量配比)为:赤铁矿石77.3%,氧化铝粉2.2%,生石灰13.7%,萤石5%,氧化钠1.8%,焦炭5.5%. 并通过光学显微分析、X射线衍射分析、物理化学性能测试等手段确定了微晶玻璃的物相组成及性能特征.     

Reduction behavior of hematite in the presence of coke

The reduction kinetics of hematite in the presence of coke as a reductant was studied via isothermal and non-isothermal thermodynamic analyses. The isothermal reduction of hematite was conducted at a pre-determined temperature ranging from 1423 to 1573 K. The results indicated that a higher reduction temperature led to an increased reduction degree and an increased reduction rate. The non-isothermal reduction of hematite was carried out from room temperature to 1573 K at various heating rates from 5 to 15 K·min-1. A greater heating rate gave a greater reduction rate but decreased reduction degree. With an increase in temperature, both the reduction rate and the reduction degree increased at a smaller rate when the temperature was less than 1150 K, and they increased at a higher rate when the temperature was greater than 1150 K before completion of the reduction reaction. Both the isothermal and the non-isothermal reduction behaviors of hematite were described by the Avrami–Erofeev model. For the isothermal reduction, the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were 171.25 kJ·mol-1 and 1.80×105 min-1, respectively. In the case of non-isothermal reduction, however, the apparent activation energy and pre-exponential factor were correlated with the heating rate.     

白云鄂博尾矿一步法焙烧实验研究

采用差热分析(TG-DTA)和X射线衍射(XRD)方法研究了C-Ca(OH)₂-NaOH体系焙烧白云鄂博尾矿的过程,考察了焙烧温度、焙烧时间、煤用量、Ca(OH)₂用量及NaOH用量对尾矿中稀土矿分解和赤铁矿还原的影响.结果表明:在焙烧温度为650℃,焙烧时间为60min,煤加入量为2%,Ca(OH)₂加入量为4%,NaOH加入量为2%的条件下,赤铁矿可以有效地还原为磁铁矿,还原磁化率为2.37;同时,稀土矿有效地分解成稀土氧化物,稀土浸出率达98.39%.     

十二烷基磺酸钠在赤铁矿表面吸附动力学

利用带耗散功能的石英晶体微天平研究十二烷基磺酸钠在Fe2 O3石英晶体谐振器表面的吸附动力学及吸附层构象。结果表明：十二烷基磺酸钠在赤铁矿表面的吸附是一个快速达到吸附平衡的过程,pH值对十二烷基磺酸钠的吸附影响较为明显,pH值在3~9的范围内,随着pH值增加,药剂吸附层黏弹性逐渐增大,吸附层稳定性减弱,赤铁矿回收率逐渐下降,十二烷基磺酸钠的吸附过程只有一个吸附阶段,且吸附过程符合准一级动力学模型,吸附层不发生明显构象变化;当pH值为10和11时,十二烷基磺酸钠吸附量明显增加,赤铁矿回收率也开始回升,吸附过程存在多个吸附阶段,吸附的第一阶段符合准二级动力学模型,吸附的第二阶段符合Elovich方程,并且随着吸附的进行,吸附层发生明显构象变化。     

粒度分布对赤铁矿浮选的影响

以赤铁矿为研究对象,通过浮选试验、扩展的DLVO(EDLVO)理论和凝聚动力学研究了粒度分布(粒径小于18μm的微细粒比例)对赤铁矿浮选的影响.浮选结果表明赤铁矿的浮选回收率与粒度的大小和分布有关,粗粒(粒径大于18μm)赤铁矿的粒度较大时或粒度分布均衡时(微细粒与粗粒含量接近)浮选回收率较高.EDLVO理论计算表明微细粒赤铁矿与粗粒赤铁矿之间存在吸引力,且吸引力的大小与粗粒粒度正相关;凝聚动力学分析表明粒度分布均衡时颗粒间的凝聚速率较大.这是粒度分布对赤铁矿的浮选回收率产生影响的主要原因.     

Potassium Ferrites Formation in Promoted Hematite Catalysts for Dehydrogenation. Thermal and structural analyses

K-promoted hematite catalysts for ethylbenzene dehydrogenation were studied by thermal analysis (TG/DTG) and high-temperature XRD. The formation of potassium ferrite (K₂Fe₂O₄), considered to be a catalytically active phase, was observed during calcination of the Ce-promoted catalysts. A linear correlation of the catalytic activity and the temperature of potassium ferrites formation was found. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

某高磷鲕状赤铁矿磷赋存状态及还原焙烧脱磷研究

采用浸出、电渗析等试验方法研究了尼日利亚高磷鲕状赤铁矿中磷的赋存状态并采用XRD和SEM分析添加脱磷剂Na2CO3直接还原焙烧产物的特性.结果表明,含磷矿物主要是呈微细粒包裹体嵌布在铁矿物鲕粒的裂隙或孔洞中的纤磷钙铝石(CaAl3(OH)6(HPO4)(PO4))、蓝磷铝铁矿(FeAl2(PO4)2OH·6H2O)以及均匀分散在铁矿物中的磷.通过添加脱磷剂Na2CO3的还原焙烧磁选可实现高效铁磷分离.磷通过两种方式去除:一部分含磷矿物与金属铁分离,存在于脉石矿物中,通过磨矿磁选可以有效去除,一部分含磷矿物与Na2CO3反应生成溶于水的磷矿物,最终使得还原铁产品中的磷含量降低.