川东北部飞仙关组鲕滩气藏的发现及气藏特征

阐述了川东北地区从1963年石油沟构造巴3井首次在飞一段钻获天然气开始,到福成寨、板东、黄草峡构造上相继发现飞仙关组气藏,渡口河构造的渡1井在飞仙关组钻遇孔隙型白云岩,获天然气流,罗家寨、铁山坡、金珠坪等一批飞仙关组鲕滩整装气藏的勘探历程。分析了川东北地区飞仙关组鲕滩气藏的烃源条件、储集条件、盖层条件,指出飞仙关组天然气主要为原油裂解气,上二叠统及飞仙关组自身为其主要烃源;其储集岩类型主要为鲕粒云岩和溶孔鲕粒灰岩两大类。评价预测了储层发育有利区带。分析了气藏的形成过程,认为可划分为古油藏阶段、大气藏阶段、古气藏调整定型阶段等三个阶段。从地质构造、沉积相分布、圈闭要素等角度剖析了罗家寨等构造飞仙关组鲕滩储层的形成机理和气藏特征。     

Enhancing the Water Splitting Efficiency of Sn‐Doped Hematite Nanoflakes by Flame Annealing

The effect of flame annealing on the water‐splitting properties of Sn decorated hematite (α‐Fe₂O₃) nanoflakes has been investigated. It is shown that flame annealing can yield a considerable enhancement in the maximum photocurrent under AM 1.5 (100 mW cm^?2) conditions compared to classic furnace annealing treatments. Optimizing the annealing time (10 s at 1000 °C) leads to a photocurrent of 1.1 mA cm^?2 at 1.23 V (vs. RHE) with a maximum value 1.6 mA cm^?2 at 1.6 V (vs. RHE) in 1 M KOH. The improvement in photocurrent can be attributed to the fast direct heating that maintains the nanoscale morphology, leads to optimized Sn decoration, and minimizes detrimental substrate effects.     

矿粉粒度及反应温度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁的影响

为探索利用高磷鲕状赤铁矿作为炼钢原料的新途径,在CH4-H2气氛下对高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁进行了实验研究,探讨了矿粉粒度对还原和碳化的影响。采用热重法、SEM-EDS和XRD分别对实验中试样还原失重过程、高磷鲕状赤铁矿矿相和碳化产物进行了分析。实验得到120~160目粒度矿粉的反应活化能最低,还原反应活化能为44.95kJ/mol,碳化阶段表观活化能为9.71kJ/mol。从反应速率的角度,利用高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁的最佳温度为1 023K,矿粉的最佳粒度为120~160目,总体来讲,温度比矿粉粒度对高磷鲕状赤铁矿制备碳化铁反应速率的影响大。     

巴西某镜铁精粉的烧结特性及强化工艺

通过润磨单一镜铁矿或其与石灰石的混合料以提高镜铁矿表面性质和高温反应性能。测定润磨预处理前后巴西镜铁矿的润湿热、粒度组成及变形温度等指标,揭示其作用机理。通过烧结杯试验,考察润磨预处理强化烧结的效果。研究结果表明:采取预处理措施可提高巴西镜铁矿的润湿热和表面亲水性,降低变形温度,提高巴西镜铁矿的高温反应性能;烧结矿产量和质量大幅度提高,成品率增加3.7%,转鼓强度提高3.33%,固体燃耗降低4 kg/t左右,利用系数提高22.4%,烧结矿质量完全满足高炉生产的需要。     

变性淀粉在赤铁矿阳离子反浮选脱硅中的抑制性能

以十二胺为捕收剂,木薯原淀粉、取代度为0.026和0.21的羧甲基淀粉和取代度为0.0065和0.055的磷酸酯淀粉作为抑制剂,考察了赤铁矿与石英的可浮性,重点研究了基团取代度对变性淀粉抑制性能的影响.结果表明:原淀粉、取代度0.026的羧甲基淀粉和取代度0.0065的磷酸酯淀粉对赤铁矿有良好的抑制作用,而取代度0.21的羧甲基淀粉和取代度0.055的磷酸酯淀粉对赤铁矿的抑制能力较弱;原淀粉和取代度0.026的羧甲基淀粉对石英有较强抑制作用,其他3种淀粉对石英抑制能力较弱.可见,低取代度的磷酸酯淀粉,在赤铁矿阳离子反浮选脱硅中可作为较高选择性的抑制剂.Zeta电位测定结果表明,特征基团取代度相对较高的变性淀粉,与赤铁矿和石英作用后,矿物Zeta电位负值较大.变性淀粉的取代度越高,其伸展向溶液中荷负电的基团越多,使阳离子捕收剂通过静电作用吸附于矿物表面,减弱了变性淀粉的抑制能力.     

均匀α-氧化铁纳米粒子的制备及表征

纳米粒子的制备已成为当今的研究热点,而α－氧化铁纳米粒子由于其独特的性能与广泛的应用,引起了多方面的关注。分别采用均匀沉淀法和强迫水解法来制备氧化铁纳米粒子,用XRD谱图和TEM电镜进行表征,并探讨了这两种制备方法及反应温度、反应时间等对产率及晶体粒度的影响。     

东鞍山贫铁矿石磁选预富集行为

针对东鞍山贫铁矿石(Fe质量分数34.60%)中含有赤铁矿、磁铁矿和少量的菱铁矿,提出了一种弱磁粗选-高梯度扫选的预富集工艺,并借助XRD、铁的化学物相分析及扫描电镜(SEM)考察了磁场强度和原料磨矿细度对东鞍山铁矿石预富集行为的影响.结果表明,在磨矿细度-0.074mm占70%(质量分数)、弱磁粗选磁场强度120mT、高梯度扫选Ⅰ磁场强度300mT及高梯度扫选Ⅱ磁场强度800mT的条件下,可获得Fe质量分数42.67%、回收率95.45%的预富集精矿;磁铁矿富集于弱磁粗选作业中,赤铁矿和菱铁矿在高梯度扫选作业中得到有效富集,尾矿中丢失的铁矿物主要为微细粒赤铁矿(＜10μm),由于受到的磁性捕获力弱而无法得到回收.     

鞍山式赤铁矿石反浮选尾矿铁品位偏高机制

针对鞍山式赤铁矿石反浮选流程中存在的浮选尾矿铁品位偏高的问题,借助X射线衍射分析、化学多元素分析、粒度分析、扫描电子显微镜等检测手段,对选别流程中样品的化学多元素组成、物相组成、粒度分布及矿物的单体解离度进行了研究.结果表明,在各扫选尾矿中存在着一些单体解离高的微细铁矿物颗粒,其吸附在粗粒级脉石矿物表面,形成“载体浮选”进入到尾矿中,造成尾矿铁品位偏高.     

还原剂对高磷鲕状赤铁矿还原焙烧铁磷分离的影响

研究还原剂种类及用量对高磷鲕状赤铁矿还原焙烧铁磷分离的影响.添加脱磷剂Na2CO3,在提铁降磷的同时能降低还原铁的硫含量;还原剂用量的增加都能促进铁还原,但使用灰分和固定碳含量较高或挥发分含量较低的还原剂时,不利于降磷.焙烧产物的X射线衍射分析表明:添加脱磷剂Na2CO3时,随着还原剂用量的增加,焙烧产物中金属铁含量增加,浮氏体和石英含量降低;使用灰分含量较高的还原剂时,随其用量的增加,灰分会消耗Na2 CO3,从而减弱其对于铁还原的促进作用;还原剂用量相同时,石煤、烟煤、焦炭和褐煤所得焙烧产物中金属铁含量逐渐增加,浮氏体含量逐渐降低.总体来看,褐煤作为还原剂时铁磷分离效果最好,其次为烟煤,焦炭和石煤.     

Influence of Amines on Formation and Texture of Uniform Hematite Particles

The structure and properties of hematite particles obtained by hydrolysis of ferric chloride solution doped with various kinds of amines were examined by TEM, XRD, TG-DTA, N₂and H₂O adsorption, and zeta potential measurements. The shape of precipitates was concentration dependent; they changed from large spheres (diameter: ca. 820 nm) to cubes (edge length: ca. 400 nm) via double-spheres (long axis length: ca. 600 nm) with increasing monoamine concentrations. This effect was enhanced by increasing their pK_avalues. Much pronounced effects of di- and triamines on the particle formation were observed; cubic and double-spherical particles were obtained at a much lower concentration of di- and triamines and small spherical (diameter: ca. 100 nm) and diamond-like (long axis length: ca. 100 nm) particles were further produced at higher concentration. It was suggested that the acceleration of the rate of phase transformation from β-FeOOH to hematite induced by amines plays an important role for producing fairly uniform hematite particles with different shape and size. The hematite particles produced with amines contained small amounts of OH⁻ions in the lattice but were confirmed to be nearly single crystal.