烯草酮防除春油菜田禾本科杂草

为探索在高寒地区春油菜田防除禾本科杂草技术,并筛选油菜田除草剂新品种,于2006年引进12%烯草酮乳油,以12.8%高效盖草能乳油为对照进行了对比试验.结果表明：12%烯草酮乳油对春油菜田禾本科杂草防除效果显著,适宜用量为72-108 g/hm^2,除草效果达94.4%-98.61%,对油菜安全,油菜增产达20.29%-22.73%.适宜施药时期为靶标杂草基本出齐后至分蘖前（即禾本科杂草长至2-5叶期）.     

Pollen-mediated gene flow in Chinese commercial fields of glufosinate-resistant canola （Brassica napus）

One of the most pressing issues surrounding transgenic oilseed rape cultivation is the potential impact of GM genes entering neighboring non-GM oilseed rape plants, related weeds or closely related wild relatives. Following the principle of a case-by-case for transgenic crop safety assessment, we designed experiments to study pollen-mediated gene flow from herbicide-resistant transgenic oilseed rape to Chinese commercial varieties. The pollen dispersal was detected as the progeny of recipient plants that were identified as glufosinate resistant. The results indicated that pollen dispersal occurred up to 2000 m and its rate sharply decreased as the distance from the pollen source increased. However, the rate of long-distance pollen dispersal from 33 to 2000 m was less than 0.015% and did not present a gradual decrease, indicating the randomization of dispersal and pollination. Most pollen dispersed within a 4.5 m area around the transgenic pollen source plot, with a maximum of 1.19% at the sampling site of 1.4 m. Wind direction significantly affected the direction and the distance of pollen dispersal, resulting in the more and farther dispersal in southwest direction. However, the number of potentially pollinating bees was not correlated with direction and distance from the pollen source plot, suggesting that bee density and distribution would not contribute to the differences in pollen dispersal among different directions. This paper is the first report on research in a large-scale experiment of pollen-mediated gene flow under the China＇s environmental conditions and provided scientific evidence for the effective commercialization of transgenic oilseed rape and its safe management. Our results also provided important data on pollen spatial distribution pattern.     

菜油合成环十三酮

莱油中分离出芥酸经氧化、酰氯化(或酯化)、酮醇缩合环化、醇解和还原,线性合成环十三酮。