无穷维最优控制系统的N阶近似

讨论一类用无穷维系统方程描述的最优控制问题，把它看作为Ｈｉｌｂｅｒｔ空间上求算子方程的最小均方解的问题．在无穷维算子近似理论的基础上，用无穷矩阵奇异值分解方法得到无穷维最优控制问题解的形式，并研究这个解的有限维近似形式，建立一个有限的Ｎ阶最优控制系统，使得它的控制律与无穷维系统的控制之间误差最小     

Multivariate linear regression with missing values

This contribution presents and discusses an efficient algorithm for multivariate linear regression analysis of data sets with missing values. The algorithm is based on the insight that multivariate linear regression can be formulated as a set of individual univariate linear regressions. All available information is used and the calculations are explicit. The only restriction is that the independent variable matrix has to be non-singular. There is no need for imputation of interpolated or otherwise guessed values which require subsequent iterative refinement.     

Principal values for Riesz transforms and rectifiability

Let E⊂Rd with Hn(E)<∞, where Hn stands for the n-dimensional Hausdorff measure. In this paper we prove that E is n-rectifiable if and only if the limit

     

浅谈高校教育对大学生价值观的影响

高校作为大学生社会化的重要场所，对大学生价值观的影响是全面的、系统的和深刻的。本文阐述了高校教育对大学生价值观影响的功能及其方式与途径。     

度量算符对Gauss编织态的本征作用及自旋几何

对圈量子引力中标架度量矩阵算符对Gauss编织态的作用为本征作用，提供了完整的证明.求得了全部标架度量矩阵算符的表示矩阵，及其期望值.利用自旋几何定理，在内腿颜色k=0和k=2两种情况下，算得了Gauss编织态顶角毗邻的4条腿(P=1)的相位位形切方向间的全部夹角，以及切矢量的长度. 关键词： 度量算符的表示矩阵 度量期望值 切方向间夹角 切矢量长度     

时代的缩影人格的升华——从《阿甘正传》看美国个人价值观

随着政治经济文化的发展，美国个人价值观也产生了一些变化，而《阿甘正传》正是通过塑造一个“平民偶像”——阿甘来见证美国当代社会具有历史意义的大事件，并提出它所倡导的个人性格及奋斗精神。     

Chemical composition and nutritional properties of Terminalia catappa L. oil and kernels from Benin

This work focuses on the physico-chemical characterization of kernels and oil of Terminalia catappa L. from Benin. The detailed physico-chemical properties are given including the nutritional composition and fatty acid profile, but also the phenolic content, phytochemical screening and antioxidant capacity which were determined for the first time. The kernel (100 g) contained 5.5 g of moisture, a high level of lipids (64.7–140.4 of Recommended Daily Intake (RDI)), proteins (36.0% RDI), sugars (6.0% RDI), and tannins (0.6%). The defatted kernels (100 g) contained high levels of manganese (184.8–236.1% RDI), magnesium (173.6–235.2% RDI), iron (89.7–201.9% RDI), zinc (87.9–120.9% RDI) and calcium (41.5% RDI), and contributed for 98.6% of RDI proteins. The kernel oil showed a high level of unsaturated fatty acids including oleic (27.1%) and linoleic acids (26.6%) and saturated fatty acids such as palmitic acid (40.0%) as well as several phytosterols and triterpenes. These kernels and their unsaturated oil are of interesting nutritional value but could also be used as a biofuel or lubricant. The presence of phenolic and terpenic derivatives may also explain at least in part their use in traditional medicine.     

代数体函数涉及重值的奇异方向

利用型函数的方法研究了代数体函数奇异方向，证明了满足条件limr→log^2r^T(r,w)=∞的有限代数体函数涉及重值的Borel方向的存在性．结果是对文献[4]中结论的推广；同时，还精细了文献[3]中得到的结果。     

PWM法在水文线型假设检验中的应用

本文简述了目前水文计算中水文随机变量如洪峰，洪量等的概率分布函数的型式选择的理论和方法。在此基础上计算了当线型选为Ｐｅａｒｓｏｎ－Ⅲ型，以概率权重矩法估计其中参数时五个常用统计量的临界值表，同时用该表对僵５０个站点洪峰系列的分布线型进行了假设检验，并将检验结果与用适线法估计参数时的检验结果进行了对比，结果表明；采用Ｐ－Ⅲ型分布描述我国的洪峰系列是适合的。     

Characterization of N‐methylated amino acids by GC‐MS after ethyl chloroformate derivatization

Methylation is an essential metabolic process in the biological systems, and it is significant for several biological reactions in living organisms. Methylated compounds are known to be involved in most of the bodily functions, and some of them serve as biomarkers. Theoretically, all α‐amino acids can be methylated, and it is possible to encounter them in most animal/plant samples. But the analytical data, especially the mass spectral data, are available only for a few of the methylated amino acids. Thus, it is essential to generate mass spectral data and to develop mass spectrometry methods for the identification of all possible methylated amino acids for future metabolomic studies. In this study, all N‐methyl and N,N‐dimethyl amino acids were synthesized by the methylation of α‐amino acids and characterized by a GC‐MS method. The methylated amino acids were derivatized with ethyl chloroformate and analyzed by GC‐MS under EI and methane/CI conditions. The EI mass spectra of ethyl chloroformate derivatives of N‐methyl ( 1–18 ) and N,N‐dimethyl amino acids ( 19–35 ) showed abundant [M‐COOC₂H₅]⁺ ions. The fragment ions due to loss of C₂H₄, CO₂, (CO₂ + C₂H₄) from [M‐COOC₂H₅]⁺ were of structure indicative for 1–18 . The EI spectra of 19–35 showed less number of fragment ions when compared with those of 1–18 . The side chain group (R) caused specific fragment ions characteristic to its structure. The methane/CI spectra of the studied compounds showed [M + H]⁺ ions to substantiate their molecular weights. The detected EI fragment ions were characteristic of the structure that made easy identification of the studied compounds, including isomeric/isobaric compounds. Fragmentation patterns of the studied compounds ( 1–35 ) were confirmed by high‐resolution mass spectra data and further substantiated by the data obtained from ¹³C₂‐labeled glycines and N‐ethoxycarbonyl methoxy esters. The method was applied to human plasma samples for the identification of amino acids and methylated amino acids. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.