不同负冲角工况下透平叶栅二次流的数值模拟及分析

本文应用TVD格式和Baldwin－Lomax代数紊流模型求解三维NS方程，对一个透平直列叶栅流场在两个不同的负冲角工况下进行了数值模拟，给出了叶栅马蹄涡及其分离鞍点、通道涡、角涡等二次流涡系的结构及其产生发展过程，并对不同工况下的涡系结构及冲角的影响作了详细的分析和比较．本文结果有助于对叶栅二次流涡系结构的产生发展机制的深入了解，同时表明所用数值求解技术有较高的精度和分辨率。     

Surface Acoustic Wave Characterization of Equivalent Young's Moduli for Patterned Films北大核心CSCD

Based on the equivalent elasticity theory for layered materials, the micro-mechanics equivalent models for single and dual damascene structures were established. The equivalent elastic constant of the patterned structure was introduced, to establish the propagation model for the surface acoustic waves propagating in the layered structure of the patterned film/ substrate, and the theoretical dispersion curves of the surface acoustic waves were calculated with Green’s function and the matrix method. The finite element method was used to calculate 24 numerical examples of damascene structures with different volume ratios, and the results were compared with those of the strain energy method. The results show that, the average relative errors of the equivalent Young’s moduli of the 300 nm-thick dual damascene film and the 100 nm-thick single damascene film are 2.06% and 2.27%, respectively. The research verifies the correctness of the equivalent patterned structure model and the feasibility of the surface acoustic wave method to characterize the mechanical properties of patterned films, and provides a reference for the development of suitable chemico-mechanical polishing technologies for patterned films under low pressure. © 2023 Editorial Office of Applied Mathematics and Mechanics. All rights reserved.     

天然钴尖晶石的谱学特征及颜色成因

尖晶石[(Mg, Fe, Zn, Mn)(Al, Cr, Fe)₂O₄]是一种典型的镁铝氧化物,常用于宝石、陶瓷及微晶玻璃材料中。近年来,一种颜色为矢车菊蓝色的天然尖晶石晶体出现在市场中,备受收藏者和设计师们的喜爱,其价格也不断攀高。天然钴尖晶石常呈矢车菊蓝色,透明,长波紫外光下显示弱-中等的绿色荧光,短波呈惰性,变色钴尖晶石在日光下常呈矢车菊蓝色而在白炽灯下呈紫红色。采用电子探针、电感耦合等离子体质谱、傅里叶变换红外光谱、显微聚焦激光拉曼光谱、紫外可见吸收光谱和阴极发光等测试技术获得了天然钴尖晶石和变色钴尖晶石的谱学特征,并探讨了其颜色成因和变色机理。结果表明：天然钴尖晶和变色钴尖晶石属于镁尖晶石,其主要化学成分为MgO和Al₂O₃,平均含量分别为25.77%和71.37%;此外,过渡族元素Zn,Fe,Co和V含量较高,其平均含量分别为1 337.85,831.53,99.52和58.26 μg·g-1。天然钴尖晶石与变色钴尖晶石的红外光谱和拉曼光谱与普通尖晶石的特征峰基本一致,其中红外光谱在517,589和704 cm-1处的主位均发生红移,其红移范围在5~33 cm-1之内;拉曼特征峰集中在300~800 cm-1范围之内。结合化学成分分析、紫外可见吸收光谱和阴极发光测试结果,认为天然钴尖晶石的颜色是因晶格中所含Co2+,Fe3+和V3+中的电子跃迁共同作用所致。由于Co2+发生自旋禁阻跃迁4T_1g(4F)→4T_1g(4P)使得可见光橙黄区（550~630 nm）内产生吸收带,而V3+的外层电子跃迁（3T_1g→3T_1g(3P)）和Cr3+的外层电子跃迁（4A₂→E₂）使得可见光蓝紫区（400~490 nm）内产生吸收线,可见光中红光和蓝光均匀透过,从而使其产生变色效应。该研究基本确定了天然钴尖晶石的谱学特征和成色机理,以及变色钴尖晶石的变色效应,为其科学鉴别提供了可靠的理论依据,有助于天然钴蓝色尖晶石与普通蓝色尖晶石、合成钴蓝色尖晶石的区分,具有重要的理论研究和商贸学应用价值。     

多波长激光探测微小摄像头机理研究北大核心CSCD

基于激光不同波段的探测传输特点,通过分析典型微小摄像头的回波传输特性,提出了一种针对多波长激光特征检测微小摄像头的研究方案。利用几何光学和波动光学理论,分析微小摄像头结构及其反射光谱特征,计算并仿真了一定探测距离下的回波光场,在此基础上搭建多波长激光检测系统。实验结果表明,在一定的景深范围内,具有红外截止滤光片的微小摄像头对可见光的回波光斑衍射环特征明显、条纹对比度高且可探测距离远;近红外波段的目标回波功率低、后向散射干扰严重,可探测距离近;短波红外波段几乎不受红外截止滤光片影响,且1550 nm处于人眼安全波段。实验结果与数值分析、理论仿真结果一致,验证了短波红外激光用于探测微小摄像头的可行性。     

Monitoring cooperative equilibria in a stochastic differential game

This paper deals with a class of equilibria which are based on the use of memory strategies in the context of continuous-time stochastic differential games. In order to get interpretable results, we will focus the study on a stochastic differential game model of the exploitation of one species of fish by two competing fisheries. We explore the possibility of defining a so-called cooperative equilibrium, which will implement a fishing agreement. In order to obtain that equilibrium, one defines a monitoring variable and an associated retaliation scheme. Depending on the value of the monitoring variable, which provides some evidence of a deviation from the agreement, the probability increases that the mode of a game will change from a cooperative to a punitive one. Both the monitoring variable and the parameters of this jump process are design elements of the cooperative equilibrium. A cooperative equilibrium designed in this way is a solution concept for a switching diffusion game. We solve that game using the sufficient conditions for a feedback equilibrium which are given by a set of coupled HJB equations. A numerical analysis, approximating the solution of the HJB equations through an associated Markov game, enables us to show that there exist cooperative equilibria which dominate the classical feedback Nash equilibrium of the original diffusion game model.This research was supported by FNRS-Switzerland, NSERC-Canada, FCAR-Quebec.     

荷控忆阻器等效电路分析模型及其电路特性研究

忆阻器是物理上新实现的具有记忆特性的基本二端电路元件. 根据φ-q关系式的泰勒级数形式构建了荷控忆阻器等效电路分析模型, 以三次非线性荷控忆阻器模型为例, 对不同参数条件下的荷控忆阻器进行了伏安关系、有无源性等电路特性的理论分析. 结果表明: 荷控忆阻器的伏安关系具有斜体“8”字形紧磁滞回线特性, 随其参数符号的不同, 荷控忆阻器呈现出无源性和有源性, 导致其电路特性发生相应的变化; 相比无源荷控忆阻器, 有源荷控忆阻器更适用于作为二次谐波信号产生电路使用. 制作了荷控忆阻器特性分析等效电路的实验电路, 实验测量结果很好地验证了理论分析结果. 关键词： 荷控忆阻器 等效电路 伏安关系 电路特性     

偏微分方程的函数论方法及应用和计算

本文主要介绍了偏微分方程一些边值问题的函数论方法。首先给出了边值问题的适定提法；其次研究了多复变函数、Ｃｌｉｆｆｏｒｄ代数、某类抛物型方程、一些复合型方程组和双曲型方程组各种边值问题的可解性；进而使用一阶椭圆型方程组间断边值问题的结果，解决了渗流理论、空气动力学与弹性力学中提出的若干自由边界问题；最后还讨论了某些椭圆边值问题与拟共形映射的近似解法。从此文可以看出；函数论方法在处理偏微分方程的一些优     

多孔介质两相流的局部守恒有限元分析

用局部守恒有限元法研究多孔介质两相渗流问题.详细阐述局部守恒有限元法的基本原理,推导两相渗流问题的局部守恒有限元计算格式并编制相应的计算程序.通过一维Buckley-Leverett两相渗流算例验证该方法的正确性.应用局部守恒有限元法和混合有限元法分别对2个模型进行分析对比.计算结果表明局部守恒有限元法具有良好的鲁棒性及适用性,相较于混合有限元法,处理过程简单,计算时间缩短,为标准有限元法应用于复杂渗流问题提供了一种途径.