Simple test system for single molecule recognition force microscopy

We have established an easy-to-use test system for detecting receptor-ligand interactions on the single molecule level using atomic force microscopy (AFM). For this, avidin-biotin, probably the best characterized receptor-ligand pair, was chosen. AFM sensors were prepared containing tethered biotin molecules at sufficiently low surface concentrations appropriate for single molecule studies. A biotin tether, consisting of a 6 nm poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) chain and a functional succinimide group at the other end, was newly synthesized and covalently coupled to amine-functionalized AFM tips. In particular, PEG₈₀₀ diamine was glutarylated, the mono-adduct NH₂-PEG-COOH was isolated by ion exchange chromatography and reacted with biotin succinimidylester to give biotin-PEG-COOH which was then activated as N-hydroxysuccinimide (NHS) ester to give the biotin-PEG-NHS conjugate which was coupled to the aminofunctionalized AFM tip. The motional freedom provided by PEG allows for free rotation of the biotin molecule on the AFM sensor and for specific binding to avidin which had been adsorbed to mica surfaces via electrostatic interactions. Specific avidin-biotin recognition events were discriminated from nonspecific tip-mica adhesion by their typical unbinding force (∼40 pN at 1.4 nN/s loading rate), unbinding length (<13 nm), the characteristic nonlinear force-distance relation of the PEG linker, and by specific block with excess of free d-biotin. The convenience of the test system allowed to evaluate, and compare, different methods and conditions of tip aminofunctionalization with respect to specific binding and nonspecific adhesion. It is concluded that this system is well suited as calibration or start-up kit for single molecule recognition force microscopy.     

N-Silylation of 2,4,6-Trialkyl-2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-diones

N-Trimethylsilyl derivatives of 2,4,6,8-tetraazabicyclo[3.3.0]octane-3,7-diones have been prepared for the first time and the electrophilic substitution reaction of the trimethylsilyl group has been studied.     

Complexation of 6-Deoxy-6-(aminoethyl)amino-β-cyclodextrin with Sodium Cholate and Sodium Deoxycholate

In order to study its guest binding and the inclusion phenomena, 6-deoxy-6-(aminoethyl)amino--cyclodextrin (CDN) was synthesised and its binding properties examined. The complexation phenomena of sodium cholate (NaC) and sodium deoxycholate (NaDC) with CDN has been monitored by the NMR method using ¹³C chemical shift data. The method of continuous variation Job's method has been used to determine the stoichiometry of these supramolecular complexes. The Job's plot confirms the 1 : 1 supramolecular complex for NaC: CDN and the 1 : 2 supramolecular complex for NaDC: CDN. The interaction of NaC and NaDC with CDN has been obtained through two-dimensional Rotational Nuclear Overhauser Effect Spectroscopy (ROESY) NMR. Equilibrium constants were also obtained from ¹³C chemical shift data (C-1, C-3 & C-4) at different pH values (7, 9, & 11).     

ATMP(氨基三甲叉膦酸)及其顺磁性Co(Ⅱ)配合物的核磁共振研究

本文用¹H、³¹P和¹³C核磁共振谱研究了ATMP(氨基三甲叉膦酸,以简式H₆L表示)及其顺磁性Co(Ⅱ)配合物。测定了不同C_co/C_ATMP摩尔比在不同pH值下的各向同性位移。定性地讨论顺磁性Co(Ⅱ)配合物在不同pH条件下的组成、电荷和空间构型变化对化学位移的影响。运用快速交换反应中化学位移与配合物浓度的关系,确定不同pH下的条件稳定常数。     

高能碰撞轻子对产生的核Drell-Yan过程中的能量损失

核物质中的能量损失效应是不同于束缚核子部分子分布函数核效应的另外一种核效应，而核Drell—Yan过程是研究这种能量损失效应的最佳途径。用G．T．Garvey和T．C．Peng提出的处理能量损失的方法，采用EKS和HKM两套不同的束缚核子的部分子分布函数，分别计算了核Drell—Yan过程中的微分截面比，所得结果一方面验证了P—A碰撞中能量损失的存在，另一方面也说明了用来确定束缚核子部分子分布函数的参数中不应包括核Drell—Yan过程中的实验数据。     

网格定位法在系统流程图活化中的应用

为了实现核电厂反应堆系统流程图的计算机化管理,通过在系统流程图上画出具有记忆功能的网格,利用网格位置和网格信息把系统流程图上的设备与设备库中的相应设备关联起来,解决了系统流程图的活化问题,即在系统流程图上用鼠标点击设备,弹出设备信息。这种网格定位的方法已经有效地应用在核电厂运行安全管理系统中,该系统采用先进的网络和数据库技术实现了对核电厂设备,系统流程图,运行事件等信息的综合管理,以先进的管理方式为核电厂管理人员提供一个便捷的信息平台和工具。而且,这种方法还可以应用到其它领域。     

M-P人工神经网络用于核电站故障诊断系统

按照实际情况,将人工神经网络M-P模型应用于核电站机组故障诊断系统的部分诊断网络。根据核电站故障诊断信号和故障事件特点,提出在特定诊断网络中使用M-P模型的可能性和具体构建诊断网络的方法,对其优缺点进行了比较。使用M-P模型对核电站重要厂用水系统建立了简单诊断网络,进行了验证。该模型简单直接,可以避免若干使用其他人工神经网络模型时遇到的问题。该模型与其他模型结合使用于核电站故障诊断系统,尤其在处理逻辑判断性较强的诊断任务时,可以达到更好的效果。     

玻色子表面δ相互作用研究sdgIBM1核谱

用ｓｄｇＩＢＭ１的组态混合波函数和玻色子表面δ相互作用研究三玻色子核的能谱，理论计算结果令人满意，能拟合比ｓｄｇＩＢＭ１多得多的能级，误差还更小，说明ｇ玻色子起着重要的作用，进一步证明这种模型是成功的。     

Fuel Assembly Arrangement Optimization for NHR-200

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Thermal-hydraulic Stability Analysis of Nuclear Heating Reactors

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