生物工程专业文献检索课探讨

以万方数据知识服务系统和中国知网为检索范围,阐述了生物工程专业文献检索课的研究现状,从教材选用、教师素质、授课内容、授课方式、考核方式、反馈机制6个方面介绍了生物工程专业文献检索课的设计与实施。     

Integrated Access to Genomic and Other Bioinformation: An Essential Ingredient of the Drug Discovery Process

Abstract

Due to the high rate of data production and the need of researchers to have rapid access to new data, public databases have become the major medium through which genome mapping and sequencing data as well as macromolecular structural data are published. There are now more than 250 databases of biomolecular, structural, genetic, or phenotypic data, many of which are doubling in size annually. These databases, many of which were created and are maintained by experimentalists for their own research use, provide valuable collections of organized, validated data. However, the very number and diversity of databases now make efficient data resource discovery as important as effective data resource use. Existing autonomous biological databases contain related data which are more valuable when interconnected than when isolated. Political and scientific realities dictate that these databases will be built by different teams, in different locations, for different purposes, and using different data models and supporting DBMSs. As a consequence, connecting the related data they contain is not straightforward. Experience with existing biological databases indicates that it is possible to form useful queries across these databases, but that doing so usually requires expertise in the semantic structure of each source database. Advancing to the next level of integration among biological information resources poses significant technical and sociological challenges.     

Avoiding problems with hydrogen misplacement in reporting crystal structures

Intermolecular hydrogen bonding is an integral part of many crystal structures. Hydrogen bonding sometimes results in one‐, two‐ or three‐dimensional supramolecular assemblies, a common feature of which is positional disorder of H atoms related to space‐group symmetry. Yet some reported structures fail to include all possible donor–acceptor close contacts, or to seek H‐atom electron densities associated with apparent D—H...A trios, while some H‐atom positions violate principles of chemistry or crystal physics. Modern diffraction equipment and sophisticated computing systems provide high‐quality data; thus, failure to characterize and report fully an accurate, complete and physically correct hydrogen‐bonding model should not be acceptable. We illustrate the relevant issues with three published examples in the hope of slowing the proliferation of these problems, with the scientifically desirable goal of improving the accuracy of crystallographic models while also providing improved search keys for information retrieval.     

基于多小波统计特征的纹理图像检索

为了研究多小波性能,对多小波系数分布的统计特性进行了研究.多小波在实数域能同时具有正交、对称、短紧支撑和高消失矩等特性,单小波却不具有上述的性质,因此在理论上多小波比单小波具有更多的优势.提出并验证了多小波系数直方图服从于指数族分布;根据多小波的特点研究了其系数分布的一阶、二阶矩(共生矩阵)和系数直方图的统计特性,并应用于纹理特征的提取.通过理论分析和在纹理图像检索的对比实验说明在冗余预滤波方式下,采用二阶统计矩方法时多小波优于单小波.     

基于广播影视资料的图像检索技术研究

本文以国家发改委CNGI项目“基于IPv6的广播影视资料P2P内容存取中闾件系统”为背景,研究了基于内容的图像检索技术。通过对常用颜色和纹理特征提取算法的研究,选择了块RGB均值法、改进参考颜色表法和灰度一平滑共生矩阵法对图像进行特征提取,并使用标准的Corel库建立图像特征数据库,分析和比较这几秤算法单独检索和综合检索的效果。实验结果证明,采用多特征的综合检索比采用单特征的检索具有更高的查全率和查准率,因此采用综合特征检索技术,能够更好地实现对广播影视资料的内容检索。     

基于瑞利-索末菲积分的大衍射角衍射光学元件设计方法

针对现有的衍射光学元件设计方法只适用于小角度衍射的情况,本文提出了一种基于瑞利-索末菲衍射积分的设计方法,可以用来设计具有大衍射角的衍射光学元件。先对目标光场进行坐标变换和强度调整,再利用改进的Gerchberg-Saxton算法优化得到衍射光学元件的相位分布。分别采用本文方法和原有的基于夫琅禾费衍射积分的方法设计衍射光学元件实现线条结构光和不同角度方框图形的光场重构,结果表明:原有的设计方法只适用于衍射角全角小于25°的情况,当衍射角大于25°时,重构光场会出现显著的枕形畸变和不均匀的强度分布。而本文方法在小角度和大角度衍射下都能重构出准确的衍射角和较为均匀的强度分布.     

Determining the micro-optical element surfaces profiles using transmission deflectometry with liquids

We propose a method for simultaneously measuring the front and back surface profiles of transparent optical components. The proposed method combines dual wavelength transmission deflectometry with liquids to record distorted phases at different wavelengths, and then numerically reconstructs the three-dimensional phase information to image the front and back surfaces of the lens. We propose a theoretical model to determine the surface information, and the imaging of achromatic lenses is experimentally demonstrated. Unlike conventional transmission deflectometry, our proposed method supports direct observation of the front and back surface profiles of the optical elements. Compared with other techniques such as interferometry, the proposed setup is simpler to align, has lower cost, and does not require coherent illumination. The proposed method can be applied to normal transmission deflectometry for determining the three-dimensional surface profiles of optical components.     

面向重用的三维CAD模型检索算法

针对现有CAD领域的检索算法对模型的局部细节特征描述不足的现状,提出了一种基于最大公共子图的三维CAD模型检索算法,通过提取CAD模型的B-Rep信息,将模型用属性邻接图来表示.根据如果2个CAD模型存在相似的特征或局部结构,CAD模型所对应的属性邻接图应存在公共子图的原理,通过检测属性邻接图中的公共子图,得到了2个与CAD相似的局部细节特征,并利用这2个相似的局部细节特征对CAD模型进行了相似性评价.实验表明,该方法能够实现三维CAD模型检索,且检索的效率能够满足工程检索的要求,因此可以实现CAD模型设计和制造知识的重用.     

基于J2EE的Web报表系统的设计与实现

报表的应用在企业信息化建设中处于非常重要的地位。该文简要介绍报表引擎Jasper-Report与IReport的相关知识,分析JasperReport的工作流程。将Java开源报表引擎JasperReport与IReport应用于J2EE平台,通过Web方式实现报表的生成、预览与打印,在陆良县公共卫生系统中得到了很好的应用。     

装备维修性数据收集与分析系统

维修性数据收集与分析系统是装备信息化管理的重要组成部分。介绍了装备使用阶段维修性数据收集与分析系统的任务、功能和体系结构设计,重点阐述了数据收集与数据分析评估模块的功能设计,并采用Access数据库管理系统,运用Visual Basic程序开发语言进行了维修性数据收集与分析原型系统开发。