Wetting Kinetics for a Single Detergent Granule

A technique for investigating the rate of wetting of a detergent granule has been developed. The evolution with respect to time of the meridional profile of the granule/water meniscus system is recorded using a high speed video camera. Glass spheres of different hydrophilicity were used to calibrate the system. A real detergent granule (LAS) was shown to give wetting behavior intermediate to those shown by the calibrants. In all cases the characteristic time for the wetting process was of the order 10 milliseconds. The protocol developed seems likely to be applicable to powder systems having medium particle size. It might thus be useful for the study of wetting rates in powdered food systems such as soup powders and building materials such as sand.     

Simultaneous quantification of twelve active components in Yiqing granule by ultra-performance liquid chromatography: application to quality control study

An ultra‐performance liquid chromatography (UPLC) method coupled with photodiode array (PDA) detection has been developed and validated for simultaneous quantification of 12 active components (berberine, palmatine, jatrorrhizine, aloe‐emodin, rhein, emodin, chrysophanol, physcion, baicalin, baicalein, wogonoside and wogonin) in Yiqing granule. Optimum separation were achieved on a C₁₈ column (50 × 2.1 mm i.d., 1.7 µm particle) through a 7.5 min gradient delivery of a mixture of A (acetonitrile) and B (0.1% aqueous phosphoric acid containing 1.8 mmol/L sodium dodecyl sulfonate and 10% acetonitrile, v/v) at a flow rate of 0.3 mL/min at 30°C. Because of the different UV characteristics of these components, three detection wavelengths were used for quantitative analysis. All of the analytes showed good linearity (r of >0.999). The method was validated for repeatability, precision, stability, accuracy and selectivity. The validated method was applied to quality control of Yiqing granule from different production batches. Copyright © 2010 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

海松欣颗粒制备工艺的研究

为优化海松欣颗粒的制备工艺,本文采用正交实验法,以总糖含量、还原糖含量及干浸膏得率为指标,筛选最佳提取工艺;以颗粒的吸湿百分率、成型率和溶化率为指标,筛选颗粒辅料的最佳配比。得到海松欣颗粒最佳提取工艺为：加8倍量水,提取3次,每次1.5 h。制粒的最佳处方为：1份浸膏粉与2份辅料 (糖粉:糊精=1∶1)。实验结果证明,该工艺科学、合理、可行。     

密集颗粒体-机械表面摩擦测试仪研究

文章研制了密集颗粒体与机械表面摩擦作用测试仪,用以模拟楔形滑块摩擦副中,工件表面与颗粒介质的摩擦作用。摩擦测试仪用步进电机控制平移台做直线运动,使表面试件与颗粒体发生摩擦运动,通过扭矩传感器和拉压力传感器分别测出试件受到的剪切阻力与法向支撑力,信号经放大滤波,实时显示并记录下来。摩擦测试仪能实现不同速度、迎角、表面造型、颗粒粒径等条件下,试件受力的精确测量。经过标定与分析,测试仪具有高灵敏度、高线性度、低迟滞误差、操作便捷等特点。     

Identification of chemical constituents and rat metabolites of Kangxianling granule by HPLC‐Q‐TOF‐MS/MS

A high‐performance liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time‐of‐flight mass tandem mass spectrometry method was established to characterize the chemical constituents of Kangxianling granule (KXL), a traditional Chinese medicine formula, and the metabolic profile in rat urine and plasma after oral administration of KXL. A total of 27 compounds in KXL extract and 13 prototype compounds with 12 metabolites in rat urine and plasma were identified. Among the 27 detected compounds, 15 were identified by comparing the retention time and MS data with that of reference compounds and the other 12 compounds were tentatively assigned based on the MS data and reference literature. The main prototype components absorbed in rat were amygdalin, salvianolic acid B, tanshinones and anthraquinones. Hydroxylation, glucuronidation and sulfation were the principal metabolic pathways in rat. The results revealed that the 25 compounds identified in rat urine and plasma were the potential active ingredients of KXL, which provides helpful chemical information for further study of the pharmacology mechanism of KXL. Copyright © 2015 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

悬浮聚合PS工业生产中分散剂(HEC)用量及用法对粒径大小及其分布的控制

本文研究了悬浮聚合PS实际生产中,用分散剂HydrolyethylCellulose(HEC)控制PS粒径及其分布的方法。结果表明:根据聚合反应的程度分批加入分散剂HEC,有利于控制PS粒径分布,得到粒径分布窄的PS树脂,使产品优质率达到80％以上。     

乌三颗粒抗肺癌细胞的实验研究

目的探讨乌三颗粒抗肿瘤作用.方法 (1)采用药效学体内实验及体外细胞培养实验相结合,观察了本方药在体内对小鼠移植性Lewis肺癌抑制率的影响和在体外3H-TdR掺入对人巨细胞肺癌株(A-2)瘤细胞的生长抑制作用;(2)观察了本方药对PHA诱导小鼠淋巴细胞转化的影响.结果乌三颗粒在8.1～16.2 g/kg的剂量下,体内对Lewis肺癌荷瘤小鼠的肿瘤有明显抑制作用,其抑制率为40%～57%,与对照组比较P＜0.05.在体外0.5～8 mg/ml的剂量,对人巨细胞肺癌株(A-2)表现出较好的生长抑制作用(P＜0.01);同时能显著提高小鼠淋巴细胞转化率(P＜0.05～0.01).结论乌三颗粒对体内、外肺癌有一定的抑制作用,同时能增强小鼠免疫功能.这为扶正化瘀中药治疗恶性肿瘤提供了一定实验依据.     

基于粗糙信息颗粒的数据挖掘方法研究

大型的数据库和数据仓库中的数据往往是有噪声和不一致的,应用经典的粗糙集理论对其进行数据挖掘处理时,效果不够理想.引入信息颗粒的概念,给出了属性子集引导的信息颗粒的构造方法及基于信息颗粒的知识描述,并应用粗糙集的扩展模型讨论知识的粗糙度问题,提出了基于粗糙信息颗粒的属性约简算法,该算法在给定最小置信度阈值的情况下,可实现对不一致数据集的简洁知识提取.图1,表2,参8.     

活性炭固载固体酸催化合成对硝基苯甲酸乙酯

研究了用颗粒状活性炭固载对甲苯磺酸作催化剂合成对硝基苯甲酸乙酯。实验结果显示 ,催化剂用量为0.8g,n(醇 ) :n(酸 )=6 :1 ,反应温度为82～87℃下回流90min时 ,酯化产率可达98.7 %以上     

SBR中不同基质对好氧颗粒污泥的性状影响研究

研究了不同的碳源基质(乙酸钠、葡萄糖、蛋白胨、淀粉)对序批式活性污泥法(Sequencing Batch Reactor SBR)反应器中形成的好氧颗粒污泥的外观形态和特性的影响.不同单一基质条件下的SBR反应器中均可形成好氧颗粒污泥.好氧颗粒污泥的培养在其它条件维持一定时,其外观特征和性状决定于碳源基质,基质中碳氮比(C/N)值对好氧颗粒污泥的外观形态、稳定性能和活性有较大的影响.蛋白胨为基质条件下培养出的好氧颗粒污泥具有最佳的稳定性能,化学需氧量(Chemical Oxygen Demand COD)去除效率稳定在90%左右;耗氧速率为5.88 mg/(g·min),为普通污泥絮体的6倍左右;反应器污泥浓度为3.5～5.2 g/L,污泥沉降指数在55～75 mL/g之间,较好的稳定性能和紧密的颗粒污泥保证了颗粒污泥在污泥龄(Sludge Retention Time SRT)变化条件下的良好运行.其它基质中培养出的好氧颗粒污泥形态和性能差异较大,COD去除效率在90%以上.好氧颗粒污泥去除COD的过程和出水悬浮颗粒物(Suspended Solids SS)的产生过程几乎不受基质的影响.