超声处理后的玉米淀粉与环氧丙烷的反应机理

研究了玉米淀粉经超声处理后的化学反应性能变化。将经超声处理的玉米淀粉与环氧丙烷进行反应,发现反应取代度（Ds）由未处理时的0．113提高到0.225以上,同时发现提高超声功率对反应取代度有一定的促进作用,但随着作用时间的延长,反应取代度提高不明显。采用偏光显微镜研究超声处理后玉米淀粉的结构,发现超声处理后玉米淀粉整个颗粒的结晶结构变化不明显;用扫描电镜观察发现部分淀粉颗粒表面出现大小不同的小孔,部分小孔分布十分均匀,呈蜂窝状,由此推断超声对淀粉的作用只发生在淀粉颗粒表面的无定形区。     

Electrostatic charging of single granules by repeated sliding along inclined metal plates

In this work, repeated sliding tests for single granules were investigated for their electrostatics generation. Several factors were considered including granule length-ratio, sliding face shape, sliding times, sliding area, sliding velocity, front-facing edge, plate inclined angle and humidity. Generally, it is found that electrostatics increases with granule length-ratio. Two kinds of granular sliding face shapes were used in this work, half circle and rectangle. Under the same working conditions, a granule with the sliding face shape of half-circle tends to produce more electrostatics than that of rectangle. In addition, the efficiency of granule charge generation increases with sliding times although the amount of impact charge is decreased by the initial charge. Electrostatics increases with sliding area, which is independent of granule sliding-face shape and sliding times. Electrostatics also increases with granule sliding velocity. Front-facing sliding with a short edge tends to generate more electrostatics than that with a long edge. In this work, three sliding-plate angles were chosen as 30°,54°,70°, where granules sliding along the inclined plate at 54° acquired the highest electrostatics in comparison with other two angles. Humidity has significant effect on electrostatics as that electrostatics decreases with humidity. At lower relative humidity, the granule length-ratio is found to have more effect on electrostatics.     

竖直振动管中颗粒的上升运动

通过实验和数值模拟研究了竖直振动管中颗粒的受激运动.将一直管插入静止的颗粒料层中,并在管内预填充一定高度的颗粒,对直管施加竖直振动.振动强度较弱时,管内的颗粒在重力作用下向下运动;当振动达到一定的强度时,管内颗粒不下降反而克服重力的作用向上运动,随着振动强度的进一步提高,即使不在管内预填充高于颗粒床层的颗粒,颗粒也会沿着振动管逆重力向上运动.颗粒的上升高度与运动速度强烈依赖于振动强度.通过高速相机记录颗粒和直管在单个振动周期内的运动,并结合离散元(DEM)法模拟管内颗粒的受力变化规律,给出了颗粒上升的机理.此研究对实现散体物料的定向输运提供了一种新方法.     

Use of Adhesive for the Retention of a Rough-Surfaced Particle on a Solid Support

In a study of the rate of dissolution in water of a single detergent granule, an unexpected experimental artefact was encountered. The granule, attached to a solid support by adhesive, was found on dissolution to leave behind a thin shell or skin. The formation of this residue can be attributed to the capillarity-induced spreading of the uncured adhesive over much of the granule surface due to its irregular surface morphology. No such effect was found with smooth, spherical particles of comparable size. This residue would be likely to modify the observed dissolution process.     

彩色图像的球形粒计算分割算法

针对基于聚类的彩色图像分割算法速度较慢,提出了彩色图像的球形粒计算分割算法.将彩色图像每个像素点表示为以该点RGB像素值为中心0为半径的球形粒,设计球形粒之间的合并算子,利用粒度阈值对两球形粒进行有条件合并,得到不同粒度的球形粒组成的球形粒集,以球形粒中心对应的RGB值代替球形粒包含像素点的RGB值.实验结果表明:与K-means算法和FCM算法相比,球形粒计算分割算法是稳定的而且分别加快了6倍和34倍.     

十味龙胆花颗粒治疗痰热壅肺证临床疗效观察

目的：观察十味龙胆花颗粒治疗痰热壅肺证的临床疗效.方法：将入选病人随机分为治疗组和对照组,治疗组服用十味龙胆花颗粒,对照组服用芩暴红止咳颗粒.观察治疗前后中医证候积分变化情况,评价十味龙胆花颗粒治疗痰热壅肺证的临床疗效.结果：中医证候疗效分析十味龙胆花颗粒组临床痊愈74例,显效66例,有效22例,无效4例,痊愈率44.578%,愈显率84.337%;芩暴红止咳颗粒组痊愈16例,显效26例,有效11例,无效3例,痊愈率28.571%,愈显率75.00%.总痊愈率十味龙胆花颗粒组优于芩暴红止咳颗粒组（P<0.05）.主要症状疗效分析：十味龙胆花颗粒组咳嗽症状痊愈95例,显效10例,有效51例,无效11例,痊愈率57.229%,愈显率63.253%;芩暴红止咳颗粒组咳嗽症状痊愈18例,显效6例,有效20例,无效12例,痊愈率32.143%,愈显率42.857%.十味龙胆花颗粒组优于芩暴红止咳颗粒组（P<0.05）.结论：十味龙胆花颗粒有较好的止咳作用,对痰热壅肺证有良好的临床疗效.     

多丝切割的“滚-刻-削”混合加工机理

当前多丝切割的环境并非理想,加工要求并非相同.而理想及单一的“滚-刻”切割加工模型对整个过程难以解释周全.基于多丝切割中磨粒运行存在多种状态,指出研磨粒的综合力学行为(研磨粒的加工机理)取决于研磨液膜的流体力学条件,处于半接触和全接触状态下的磨粒,各自以“滚-刻”、“滚-刻-削”方式实施切割加工.故多模型混合加工可以较好地解释多丝切割加工的整个过程,多模型的混合加工模式更加接近实际状况.     

粒结构关联度算法在专业辅助选择系统中的应用

本科生入学后均有具体专业的二次选择的机会.建立一套面向大学二年级本科生院内具体专业方向的二次选择的科学辅助评价系统软件,辅助他们较科学地选择正确的专业方向,具有重要的实际意义.该系统广泛研究当代相关的评测理论并且结合本专业特点,建立了一套面向计算机专业大学生的评价体系.针对上述评价体系信息系统,提出了将信息粒度思想与关联规则算法相结合的粒结构关联度算法.基于上述理论研究,研发和实现了一套二次专业方向辅助选择系统.实际应用表明,该系统具有新颖性、可用性和较好的应用价值.     

VS2005环境的动态显微颗粒分析软件开发

为实现动态连续地采集显微颗粒图像,采用CCD高速摄像头连续拍摄显微颗粒图像的方法,并使用VS2005集成环境下的VC.NET编程工具开发动态显微颗粒分析软件.该软件由于考虑了显微颗粒图像采集的动态性和连续性,从而能够实时进行颗粒分析.经实践验证,该软件可应用于各种粉体材料的实时检测.     

Effect of Nitrogen and Sulfur Fertilizer on Granule Size Distribution, Composition and Pasting Properties of Wheat Starch

为明确氮硫肥对小麦淀粉粒度分布及主要理化特性的影响,以强筋小麦品种西农9718和中筋品种陕农138为材料,采用不同氮硫肥水平进行处理,系统分析了小麦A、B淀粉的粒度分布、淀粉组成、膨胀势及糊化特性对氮硫肥的响应。结果表明,强筋和中筋小麦品种的淀粉粒度分布基本一致。A淀粉粒体积分布占总淀粉的74.95%～75.43%,但淀粉粒数量远少于B淀粉粒。A淀粉的直链淀粉、峰值黏度、低谷黏度、崩解值、最终黏度以及回生值高于B淀粉,而B淀粉有更高的支链淀粉、膨胀势和糊化温度。不同氮硫肥处理改变了小麦淀粉的粒度分布,进而影响淀粉的组成和糊化特性。在施氮（230kg.hm-2）条件下,强筋品种西农9718和中筋品种陕农138的A、B淀粉分别在硫肥施用量为46和56kg.hm-2时有较低的直链淀粉含量、较高的膨胀势及较好的糊化特性。陕农138淀粉的粒度分布、组成及糊化特性对氮硫肥的响应比西农9718更敏感。适当的氮、硫肥配施有利于改善小麦的淀粉品质。