Dissolved organic matter-mediated reduction of ionic Au(III) to elemental Au nanoparticles and their growth to visible granules

The biogeochemical transformation of gold (Au), i.e. its dissolution and re-precipitation, is critical in supergene transport of Au and formation of Au granules. Besides biogenic reduction, the formation Au granules can also be driven by chemical processes. Previous studies have showed the formation of Au nanoparticles (AuNPs) from ionic Au(III) can be mediated by dissolved organic matter under sunlight. In this letter, we further demonstrated that these AuNPs can further slowly (in years) grow into visible Au granules. Different sized nano-flower and fractal dendrite-like branched gold structures (from tens of nanometres to over 100 μm) were observed in the Au granule sample. This growth of AuNPs into visible Au granules may play a critical role in the supergene mineralization and enrichment of secondary Au and drive the biogeochemical cycle of Au.     

健脾八珍颗粒的研制

为筛选出最佳的健脾八珍颗粒处方,以其成型性、溶解性为筛选指标,筛选出处方中加入辅料的品种及配比。结果表明,健脾八珍颗粒的原粉中加入2倍量的糊精和25%的蔗糖,并以2%的CMC-Na作为助悬剂、15%的自制变性淀粉胶(SWJ)为黏合剂为最佳处方。所得产品溶解性、成型性能均较好。     

高温下淀粉凝胶化颗粒的结构特征

凝胶化作用是淀粉改性过程中存在的一种现象。采用红外光谱和X-射线衍射方法探讨了淀粉凝胶化颗粒的结构和结晶变化过程。结果表明,在淀粉的高温成型过程中,凝胶化颗粒化学结构没有发生明显的变化,结晶状态则趋于完全无定型化。     

水泥聚苯模壳格构式混凝土墙体的抗侧性能试验及分析

论文介绍6片不同高宽比的水泥聚苯模壳格构式混凝土墙体在轴压力和水平往复侧推力作用下的试验,分析这种墙体的抗侧强度、刚度和延性等力学性能.试验表明,高宽比大于1的墙体破坏时表现为墙体跟部的单一水平裂缝,其他部位完好;高宽比3∶4的墙体破坏时存在多条通过格构梁柱的斜向裂缝,墙体裂缝分布密集,变形能力好.     

硝化颗粒污泥的成长特性

研究了649μm、1 171μm和1 571μm三个粒径、不同初始生物量的硝化颗粒污泥90 d内的硝化性能,发现颗粒比增长速率μd、生物量比增长速率μg的变化均随粒径增大而减小.其成因在于硝化颗粒污泥内部生态环境、菌群和生物量随污泥粒径增长发生了变化,可以用引入比代谢速率后的生物量变化模型来描述这种变化.     

Effect of Land Use on Soil Properties in Debris Flow Bottomland： A Case Study at Xiaojiang Basin, Yunnan

In order to understand the effect of different land use on soil physics and nutrients properties of the debris flow bottomland, a case study at Daqing gully （in Xiaojiang Basin, Yunnan） was conducted in 2004. Soil samples were taken at depth of 0-10,10-20,20-40,40-60,60-80 cm under three land use patterns crop bottomland （CL）, forest bottomland （FL）, and barren bottomland（BL）. The results showed that the developing bottomland to CL promoted soil toaccumulate total phosphorus （TP） and available phosphorus （AP）, pH value transferred from neutral to alkalescency, and organic matter decreased significantly. Furthermore, the contents of total nitrogen （TN） and available nitrogen （AN） in CL were lower than that of FL and BL because the growth of crops consumed more nutrients in soil. The results also showed that the contents of TP, AP and available potassium （AK） in soil were positively correlated with soil particle.     

薄层扫描法测定夏桑菊颗粒中熊果酸的含量

采用薄层扫描法测定夏桑菊颗粒中熊果酸的含量.以环己烷—氯仿—醋酸乙酯—冰醋酸(20∶5∶8∶0.5)为展开剂,检测波长为520 nm,参比波长为700 nm,SX=3,标准曲线Y=1291.28X 34.12,R=0.998 2,熊果酸在1.017-2.373μg范围内与峰面积积分值呈良好的线性关系,平均回收率100.82%,RSD=1.94%.     

传感器在固体熔化凝固实验中的运用

基于固体的熔化和凝固实验的传统做法,结合现代测量技术对其进行了改进,对晶体海波和非晶体石蜡的熔化和凝固进行了全程监控,取得了很好的实验效果并节省了实验时间,提高了实验的准确性.     

生物陶粒批式硝化过程的特性研究

对不同碱度、温度及P／N质量比下的生物陶粒批式硝化过程进行了研究．结果表明，一定范围内提高碱度将有利于氨的氧化和促进亚硝酸盐氮的积累，对二者都适合的氨氮／碳酸氢钠质量比应在1／12-1／16之间．温度对N02^- -N的积累具有十分重要的影响，当温度低于32℃时，水中N02^- -N的积累量明显减少，N03^- -N的生成量大大增加；而当温度为38℃时，由于亚硝化菌和硝化菌都受到了抑制，硝化速率下降；当温度为36℃时，最大N02^- -N生成量可达初始氨氮量的89．94％，因此对N02^- -N的积累最为有利．在P／N质量比为0，1／10和1／5的情况下，随着P／N比的增加，氨的平均氧化速率、N02^- -N和N03^- -N的平均积累速率均下降，呈负相关关系，因此为了有效地进行硝化，应将P／N比控制在1／10以下．     

VISCOUS FORCES BETWEEN TWO SPHERES COLLIDING THROUGH INTERSTITIAL POWER-LAW FLUID

Interaction between two spheres with an interstitial fluid is essential in Discrete Element modeling for simulating the behaviors of ‘wet‘ particulate materials. In this paper the interaction between two spheres with an interstitial Power-law fluid was approximately resolved as normal and tangential interactive models respectively, for which the governing equations were simplified on the basis of Reynolds approximation. These equations were then solved analytically together with the boundary conditions to obtain the pressure distributions for each individual model, and event ually solutions of the viscous squeeze force and the tangential viscous resistance were obtained, which provide a set of solutions for implementing into DEM code or other purposes.