ZnO压敏陶瓷实际Bi元素的含量

建立了压敏陶瓷实际Bi元素含量检测品质的控制方法,讨论了烧结方式、温度及保温时间对Bi元素挥发量的影响,研究了实际Bi元素含量对压敏陶瓷显微结构、电性能的影响.实验表明,采用电感耦合等离子体光学发射光谱仪检测样品Bi元素含量,实际检测极限为1.0×10-6.通过优化烧结,有效控制了Bi元素挥发,从而获得均匀的显微结构和预定晶界,得到电学性能优良的ZnO压敏陶瓷.     

冷轧钢板的氧化还原动力学研究

在还原气氛和450～550 ℃温度范围内,将氧化后的冷轧板试样还原.研究了冷轧钢板的氧化动力学以及还原温度对氧化铁还原速率的影响,结果表明:冷轧钢板的氧化层的质量随时间增长服从抛物线规律;还原温度对还原速率常数有很大影响,呈指数关系增长,还原温度越高,还原速率越大.     

Efficient Oxidation of Cyclohexane over Bulk Nickel Oxide under Mild Conditions

Nickel oxide powder was prepared by simple calcination of nickel nitrate hexahydrate at 500 °C for 5 h and used as a catalyst for the oxidation of cyclohexane to produce the cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol—KA oil. Molecular oxygen (O₂), hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂), t-butyl hydrogen peroxide (TBHP) and meta-chloroperoxybenzoic acid (m-CPBA) were evaluated as oxidizing agents under different conditions. m-CPBA exhibited higher catalytic activity compared to other oxidants. Using 1.5 equivalent of m-CPBA as an oxygen donor agent for 24 h at 70 °C, in acetonitrile as a solvent, NiO powder showed exceptional catalytic activity for the oxidation of cyclohexane to produce KA oil. Compared to different catalytic systems reported in the literature, for the first time, about 85% of cyclohexane was converted to products, with 99% KA oil selectivity, including around 87% and 13% selectivity toward cyclohexanone and cyclohexanol, respectively. The reusability of NiO catalyst was also investigated. During four successive cycles, the conversion of cyclohexane and the selectivity toward cyclohexanone were decreased progressively to 63% and 60%, respectively, while the selectivity toward cyclohexanol was increased gradually to 40%.     

NO对不同耐旱性杨树光合作用的影响

在水分胁迫条件下,研究了NO供体硝普钠(SNP)对乡土树种小青杨(Populus pseudo-simonii Kitag)和速生品种欧美杨107(Populus×euramericana cv.“74/76”)气孔运动及光合作用的影响。结果表明,经不同浓度SNP处理后,杨树叶片气孔相对开度降低,叶片气孔导度降低,蒸腾作用减弱;NO对杨树叶片的光合作用具有双重性,一定浓度的SNP可以调节植物的光合作用,缓解干旱胁迫的伤害,浓度达到2.0mmol.L-1时,则会产生伤害。SNP对107杨的作用效果优于小青杨,表明SNP更有利于提高速生杨对干旱胁迫的气孔反应能力。     

GO-SWCNT Buckypapers as an Enhanced Technology for Water Decontamination from Lead

Water decontamination is an important challenge resulting from the incorrect disposal of heavy metal waste into the environment. Among the different available techniques (e.g., filtration, coagulation, precipitation, and ion-exchange), adsorption is considered the cheapest and most effective procedure for the removal of water pollutants. In the last years, several materials have been tested for the removal of heavy metals from water, including metal-organic frameworks (MOFs), single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs), and graphene oxide (GO). Nevertheless, their powder consistency, which makes the recovery and reuse after adsorption difficult, is the main drawback for these materials. More recently, SWCNT buckypapers (SWCNT BPs) have been proposed as self-standing porous membranes for filtration and adsorption processes. In this paper, the adsorption capacity and selectivity of Pb²⁺ (both from neat solutions and in the presence of other interferents) by SWCNT BPs were evaluated as a function of the increasing amount of GO used in their preparation (GO-SWCNT buckypapers). The highest adsorption capacity, 479 ± 25 mg g⁻¹, achieved for GO-SWCNT buckypapers with 75 wt.% of graphene oxide confirmed the effective application of such materials for cheap and fast water decontamination from lead.     

OLED电极引线的腐蚀机理分析

有机电致发光器件(OLED)电极引线发生腐蚀是OLED失效的重要原因.用XRD,XPS,SEM和EDX等方法对镀Cr的ITO电极引线样品的腐蚀产物成分、结构和形貌进行了分析,XRD和XPS结果表明镀层Cr反应生成Cr(OH)3和CrO3,SEM和EDX结果表明Cr先腐蚀,ITO随后发生腐蚀.然后通过对引线样品在不同溶液中的极化曲线分析,得知Cr腐蚀产物的价态与其所处的电位有关,且氯离子对ITO腐蚀具有促进作用.最后根据实验结果对电极引线腐蚀的全过程提出一简化模型进行解释.     

Photoelectrochemical Properties of Annealed Anodic TiO2 Layers Covered with CuOx

In this work, we present a systematic study on the influence of Cu²⁺ ion concentration in the impregnation solution on the morphology, structure, optical, semiconducting, and photoelectrochemical properties of anodic CuO_x-TiO₂ materials. Studied materials were prepared by immersion in solutions with different concentrations of (CH₃COO)₂Cu and subjected to air-annealing at 400 °C, 500 °C, or 600 °C for 2 h. The complex characterization of all studied samples was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), reflectance measurements, Mott–Schottky analyses, and photocurrent measurements. It was found that band gap engineering based on coupling CuO with TiO₂ (E_g~3.3 eV) is an effective strategy to increase the absorption in visible light due to band gap narrowing (CuO_x-TiO₂ materials had E_g~2.4 eV). Although the photoactivity of CuO-TiO₂ materials decreased in the UV range due to the deposition of CuO on the TiO₂ surface, in the Vis range increased up to 600 nm at the same time.     

金属有机骨架衍生双金属氧化物的锂离性能

通过一步微波法设计合成了含有Co和Zn的双金属有机骨架结构,并在氧气氛围下500℃煅烧衍生获得由纳米粒子组装的Co-Zn-O双金属氧化物微米棒材料.衍生材料延承了双金属有机骨架前驱体的微米棒形貌和多孔特性,具有两种不同的金属组分之间的协同储锂作用.Co-Zn-O双金属氧化物作为锂离子电池负极材料时展现了较高的比容量与循...     

CeO2／O3催化氧化对滤后水中小分子副产物生成的影响

考察了连续流体系中,滤后水经氧化铈催化臭氧氧化（CeO2／O3）后小分子醛、酮、羧酸及酮酸副产物的生成情况．发现CeO2／O3明显提高了DOC和SUVA的去除率,醛、酮副产物的产量比单独O3氧化后的增加了8％,而羧酸和酮酸的产量却比单独O3氧化后的分别降低了28％和54％．羧基类副产物大幅降低的原因主要与CeO2表面Ce（Ⅳ）对羧基官能团较强的络合亲合力有关．CeO2／O3氧化后小分子副产物总量比单独O3氧化后的降低了23％,但用小分子副产物总量折算有机碳占DOC的比例来间接显示氧化后剩余DOC的可生物降解性,结果表明,CeO2／O3进一步提高了滤后水剩余DOc的可生化性．     

基于磁场强度的锅炉管内氧化皮测量精度实验

因高温高压蒸汽作用,超临界电站锅炉受热管内易形成氧化皮,氧化皮的剥落会堵塞管道,发生超温爆管。提前探测氧化皮的状况并采取相应措施对预防爆管十分必要.文中在比较几种氧化皮探测方法的基础上,应用磁场检测法,通过实验研究了探头与管道的间隙、探头与管径的偏角、永磁体相对氧化皮的位置等因素对磁场探测结果的影响,发现间隙小于1.07mm、角度偏离中法线25.9°内、相对位置在26.4°内时,测量误差可控制在5%的工程误差以下,且探头与管道的间隙是影响磁场测量结果的主要因素;随着偏角与相对位置的增大,测得的磁场强度呈指数增长.