小鼠海马神经元急性分离和膜片钳技术的应用

为了获得适用于膜片钳实验技术的单个海马神经元,应用酶消化及机械分离法,急性分离出生10～13d的昆明小鼠得到单个海马神经元通过倒置显微镜直接观察和全细胞膜片钳技术分别对分离得到的海马细胞的形态学和电生理学特征进行研究．通过实验可得,急性分离所得活性较好的海马神经元胞体具有锥形胞体和顸树突特征,立体感强．在全细胞膜片钳记录模式下可记录到全细胞电流及钠、钾通道电流．由实验结果可知,该方法可以得到形态和生理特征良好的单个海马神经元,证实该方法适用于膜片钳技术的研究,对深入探讨药物、物理因子等对海马离子通道及信号转导机制的作用有重要的应用价值．     

Multiplicity of metastable retrieval phases in networks of multistate neurons

It is demonstrated that networks of multistate neurons storing an ensemble of multistate patterns exhibit a multiplicity of metastable retrieval phases. These phases are described by solutions of fixed-point equations with characteristic retrieval errors. They emerge if the gain of the neural input-output relation is varied. The number of these phases increases asQ ² with the numberQ of gray levels available to each neuron. Implications for the optimal gain function and basins of attraction are briefly discussed. Again, networks endowed with pseudoinverse couplings are found to perform better than networks with Hebbian couplings: at moderate loading levels phases with retrieval errors are destabilized, whereas the error-free phase remains stable up to the theoretically possible maximum, if the gain parameter is properly chosen.     

一种神经元网络控制器及仿真

该文给了了一种自适应神经元的控制方法，设计了神经元网络作为控制器的智能控制系统，给出了学习规则，在交流伺服系统中的仿真结果表明了此方法的有效性及优越性。     

Parallel Dynamics of Fully Connected Q-Ising Neural Networks

Using a probabilistic approach, the parallel dynamics of fully connected Q-Ising neural networks is studied for arbitrary Q. A novel recursive scheme is set up to determine the time evolution of the order parameters through the evolution of the distribution of the local field, taking into account all feedback correlations. In contrast to extremely diluted and layered network architectures, the local field is no longer normally distributed but contains a discrete part. As an illustrative example, an explicit analysis is carried out for the first four time steps. For the case of the Q = 2 and Q = 3 model the results are compared with extensive numerical simulations and excellent agreement is found. Finally, equilibrium fixed-point equations are derived and compared with the thermodynamic approach based upon the replica-symmetric mean-field approximation.     

Effect of ytterbium on sodium current and its kinetics in rat hippocampal neurons

This study addressed the effects of Yb3＋ on voltage-gated sodium currents in rat hippocampal neurons using the whole-cell patch-clamp technique. Voltage-clamp recordings in single neurons were filtered and stored in a computer. Yb3＋ increased the amplitude of sodium currents in a concentration-dependent and voltage-dependent man- ner. The 50 % enhancement concentration of Yb3＋ on sodium currents was about 8.97 μmol/L, which was dif- ferent from the inhibitory effects of Yb3＋ on potassium current. The analysis on the activation and inactivation kinetics of Na＋ current showed that 100 μmol/L Yb3＋ did not change the process of activation and inactivation. In addition, the times reaching the peak of current （t） and inactivated time constant （τ） were voltage dependent. 100 μmol/L Yb3＋ significantly prolonged the time to peak at -70 and -80 mV. The effect disappeared at the positive direction of -70 mV. Furthermore, Yb3＋ decreased r val- ues to more positive values than -80 mV. In total, Yb3＋ did not change the process of activation, but impelled inacti- vated process. Yb3＋ mainly increased the Na＋ current through changing its conductance. It might be one of the mechanisms that Yb3＋ affected the hippocampal neurons.     

神经元的几何形态分类

为了对不同神经元进行区分,采用L-Measure软件对神经元的几何形态进行特征提取,通过主成分分析对提取的特征降维进行处理.采用概率神经网络、BP(Back Propagation)神经网络和模糊分类器组成的分类器“投票”,对锥体神经元、普肯野神经元、运动神经元、感觉神经元、双级神经元、三级神经元和多级神经元7种神经元...     

弱激光诱导神经元兴奋性改变的实验研究

利用全细胞膜片钳技术研究弱激光诱导下大鼠海马CA3区锥体神经元兴奋性.实验结果显示：弱激光作用使神经元钠通道激活电位向超极化方向移动,钠电流幅度增大,且这种增大作用具有电压依赖性和可逆性.激光作用显著影响钠电流稳态激活与失活特性,对照组和照射组通道半数激活电压分别为(-4414±528)mV和(-5655±614)mV(n=8,P<001),半数失活电压分别为(-6902±1031)mV和(-5660±897)mV(n=8, P<0 关键词： 钠离子通道 膜片钳技术 弱激光 动作电位 神经元     

异质神经元的排列对环形耦合神经元网络频率同步的影响

以一维环形耦合的非全同FitzHugh-Nagumo神经元网络为研究对象,讨论这种异质神经元在环上的不同排列对其频率同步的影响.研究结果显示,异质神经元的排列不同,对应的神经元网络达到频率同步所需的临界耦合强度也不完全相同.在平均意义下,异质性较小的神经元在环上的距离越近,神经元网络达到频率同步所需的临界耦合强度越大;相反,异质性较大的神经元在环上的距离越近,神经元网络达到同步所需的临界耦合强度越小.通过对频率同步过程的分析,进一步给出了产生这一现象的动力学机理.     

培养神经元网络自发活动规律性和复杂度分析

采用近似熵（approximate entropy,ApEn）的新统计方法衡量神经元不同自发放电活动时间序列数据的规律性和复杂度,对多电极阵列上培养的海马神经元网络自发活动的复杂度进行研究．结果表明不同自发放电活动的近似熵动态变化曲线有明显差别．静息期时近似熵值范围1．0-1．2;典型爆发活动时近似熵值呈现迅速下降而后上升再下降小幅振荡（0．2-0．6）;而伪爆发活动时近似熵值在0．2—0．7范围,沿平行时间轴的某一直线上下波动;连续发放锋电位时近似熵值在0．8-0．9范围;而随机单发锋电位时近似熵值0．6—0．8范围．以上分析结果说明近似熵动态变化曲线能够体现爆发活动和锋电位发放过程的规律性和复杂度变化,并可以有效地识别培养神经元网络自发的不同电生理信号,因而在神经元电信号分析中有着潜在的应用价值．     

Development and transition of spiral wave in the coupled Hindmarsh--Rose neurons in two-dimensional space

The dynamics and the transition of spiral waves in the coupled Hindmarsh--Rose (H--R) neurons in two-dimensional space are investigated in the paper. It is found that the spiral wave can be induced and developed in the coupled HR neurons in two-dimensional space, with appropriate initial values and a parameter region given. However, the spiral wave could encounter instability when the intensity of the external current reaches a threshold value of 1.945. The transition of spiral wave is found to be affected by coupling intensity D and bifurcation parameter r. The spiral wave becomes sparse as the coupling intensity increases, while the spiral wave is eliminated and the whole neuronal system becomes homogeneous as the bifurcation parameter increases to a certain threshold value. Then the coupling action of the four sub-adjacent neurons, which is described by coupling coefficient D’, is also considered, and it is found that the spiral wave begins to breakup due to the introduced coupling action from the sub-adjacent neurons (or sites) and together with the coupling action of the nearest-neighbour neurons, which is described by the coupling intensity D.