捷联惯导用挠性陀螺静态漂移误差建模

运用极轴翻滚试验,研究了捷联惯导系统使用的动力调谐式挠性陀螺的静态漂移误差的建模方法。仿真分析和试验验证表明,本方法具有建模准确、估计参数较多,对试验数据异常值不敏感等优点,具有较强的实用性。     

秦岭地区自然保护区的生态旅游发展对策

通过分析秦岭地区自然保护区的类型、特点及发展现状,指出秦岭自然保护区在开展生态旅游时应该通过科学规划、严格管理、加强宣传等手段,达到生物多样性保护和经济发展的双赢。     

Design,Synthesis, and Cytotoxic Activity of Novel Natural Arylsulfonamide-Inspired Molecules

Primary arylsulfonamide functional groups feature prominently in diverse pharmaceuticals. However, natural arylsulfonamides are relatively infrequent. In this work, two novel arylsulfonamide natural products were first synthesized, and then a series of novel molecules derived from natural arylsulfonamides were designed and synthesized, and their in vitro cytotoxic activities against A875, HepG2, and MARC145 cell lines were systematically evaluated. The results indicate that some of these arylsulfonamide derivatives exhibit significantly good cytotoxic activity against the tested cell lines compared with the control 5-fluorouracil (5-FU), such as compounds 10l, 10p, 10q, and 10r. In particular, the potential molecule 10q, containing a carbazole moiety, exhibited the highest inhibitory activity against all tested cell lines, with IC₅₀ values of 4.19 ± 0.78, 3.55 ± 0.63, and 2.95 ± 0.78 μg/mL, respectively. This will offer the potential to discover novel drug-like compounds from the sparsely populated area of natural products that can lead to effective anticancer agents.     

基于光学-ALS变量组合和非参数模型的天然次生林地上生物量估算

【目的】通过组合机载激光雷达(airborne laser scanning, ALS)数据和Sentinel-2A数据提取特征变量,探讨估算天然次生林地上生物量(aboveground biomass, AGB)最佳的变量组合方式和估算方法。【方法】以2015年ALS数据、2016年Sentinel-2A数据和黑龙江帽儿山林场森林资源连续清查固定样地数据为数据源,通过ALS数据提取高度特征变量(all the LiDAR variables, 记为A_L),Sentinel-2A数据提取若干植被指数变量(all the optical variables, 记为A_O),然后将光学-ALS结合变量(combined optical and LiDAR index, COLI,记为I_COL)结合成为新的变量 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_1} 和 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_2} ,以6组特征变量组合方式(A_O+A_L、 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_1} 、 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_2} 、 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_1} +A_O+A_L、 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_2} +A_O+A_L、 I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_1} + I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_2} +A_O+A_L)作为输入变量,分别使用多元线性逐步回归(stepwise multiple linear regression,SMLR)、K-最近邻法(K-nearest neighbor,K-NN)、支持向量回归(support vector regression,SVR)、随机森林(random forest, RF)和堆叠稀疏自编码器(stack sparse auto-encoder,SSAE)共5种方法构建了天然次生林AGB估算模型,探讨I_COLs变量以及不同模型对生物量估测精度的影响。【结果】结合变量I_COLs对于森林AGB的估算十分有效,加入I_COLs变量能够很大提高森林AGB模型的估算精度;与其他4种模型相比,无论使用哪些变量作为输入数据,SSAE模型的精度最高;当使用SSAE模型,以光学和ALS变量组合 ( I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_1} + I_{\mathrm{CO}{\mathrm{L}}_2} +A_O+A_L)作为输入特征变量时,模型的准确性最高:R²=0.83,均方根误差为11.06 t/hm²,相对均方根误差为8.23%。【结论】结合变量COLIs能够有效地提高天然次生林AGB的估算精度,而且深度学习模型(SSAE)在估算天然次生林AGB方面优于其他预测模型。总体而言,利用ALS和Sentinel-2A数据组合变量的SSAE模型可以较准确地估算森林AGB,为天然次生林地上生物量的估算和碳储量评估提供技术支持。     

基于ULS、 TLS和超声测高仪的天然次生林中不同林冠层树高估测

【目的】应用不同数据源分析不同林冠层中探测提取树高的异同,探索适用于中国北方天然次生林树高估测的方法。【方法】以东北林业大学帽儿山实验林场中林施业区0.25 hm²样地为研究区域,基于无人机激光雷达(unmanned aerial vehicle laser scanning, ULS)、地基激光雷达(terrestrial laser scanning,TLS)和Vertex IV超声测高仪实测单木树高,根据冠层高度分布(canopy height distribution, CHD)对林冠层进行分层,对不同林冠层(上层和下层)、不同树木类型(针叶树和阔叶树)探测提取的树高进行对比与分析。【结果】由CHD计算得到的冠层分层阈值为8.5 m。树高的离群值大多产生在林冠上层,阔叶树比针叶树更容易产生离群值,ULS比TLS更容易产生离群值。在林冠上层,ULS比TLS估测树高的相对均方根误差(rRMSE)低2.56%,ULS提取针叶树树高的rRMSE比阔叶树低2.68%;在林冠下层,ULS仅能探测到少量树木,ULS比TLS探测提取树高的 rRMSE高6.31%,TLS提取针叶树树高的rRMSE比阔叶树低1.16%。【结论】针叶树的树高估测精度普遍高于阔叶树;当TLS和ULS均能对单木进行完全扫描时,具有准确提取树高的潜力;树高离群值多由冠型不规则或相互交叉的阔叶树产生,而大部分针叶树,由于具有规则的冠型,所以产生的离群值较少;基于CHD对林冠层进行划分能够较好地反映不同数据源估测树高的适用范围,具有一定的推广意义。     

毛细管电泳法快速测定复方地芬诺酯片中的地芬诺酯和阿托品

建立了毛细管电泳高频电导法同时测定地芬诺酯和阿托品的方法。探讨了缓冲溶液、有机溶剂添加剂、分离电压和进样条件以及毛细管内径和长度等因素对分离检测的影响。在电泳介质为10.0mmol/L乳酸-15.0?H5OH、分离电压20.0kV的优化条件下,6min内即可实现地芬诺酯和阿托品的同时分离检测,线性范围分别为5.00~500和2.00~320mg/L;检出限分别为3.0和1.0mg/L。     

热力法开采地层天然气水合物的热动力评价

本文在推导热力作用下水合物地层温度分布基础上,发展了评价热力法开采天然气水合物的热效率(用于水合物分解的热量与输入总的热量之比)和能量效率(即输出能量与输入能量之比)的模型.模型分析表明,水合物地层热物性参数以及水合物饱和度决定了热力法开采的能量效率.在注入蒸汽开采初始条件下,能量效率可以达到7.0.     

Theil Entropy as a Non-Lineal Analysis for Spectral Inequality of Physiological Oscillations

Theil entropy is a statistical measure used in economics to quantify income inequalities. However, it can be applied to any data distribution including biological signals. In this work, we applied different spectral methods on heart rate variability signals and cellular calcium oscillations previously to Theil entropy analysis. The behavior of Theil entropy and its decomposable property was investigated using exponents in the range of [−1, 2], on the spectrum of synthetic and physiological signals. Our results suggest that the best spectral decomposition method to analyze the spectral inequality of physiological oscillations is the Lomb–Scargle method, followed by Theil entropy analysis. Moreover, our results showed that the exponents that provide more information to describe the spectral inequality in the tested signals were zero, one, and two. It was also observed that the intra-band component is the one that contributes the most to total inequality for the studied oscillations. More in detail, we found that in the state of mental stress, the inequality determined by the Theil entropy analysis of heart rate increases with respect to the resting state. Likewise, the same analytical approach shows that cellular calcium oscillations present on developing interneurons display greater inequality distribution when inhibition of a neurotransmitter system is in place. In conclusion, we propose that Theil entropy is useful for analyzing spectral inequality and to explore its origin in physiological signals.     

中国的百岁老人研究Ⅱ.百岁老人的死亡率、生存率和发展趋势

根据全国人口普查资料,用指数函数拟合法计算了中国百岁老人的死亡率和生存率,得出中国人口的最高自然寿限为120岁,并预测到2010年中国百岁老人绝对数将达4万多人,届时每百万人口中将有30位百岁老人,比2000年增加1倍以上。     

Hispidulin Ameliorates Endotoxin-Induced Acute Kidney Injury in Mice

Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is an endotoxin that plays a crucial role in septic acute kidney injury (AKI). Hispidulin is a natural flavonoid that possesses various biological activities. Recent studies have shown that hispidulin administration alleviates various inflammatory diseases in animal models. This study aimed to investigate the renoprotective effect of hispidulin on LPS-induced AKI. Male C57BL/6 mice were administered LPS (10 mg/kg) with or without hispidulin (50 mg/kg). Hispidulin administration attenuated renal dysfunction, histological alterations, and the upregulation of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin. This flavonoid also reduced cytokine production and Toll-like receptor 4 expression, inhibited nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase cascades, and alleviated immune cell infiltration. The oxidation of lipids and DNA was also inhibited by hispidulin administration. This antioxidant effect of hispidulin was associated with the downregulation of NADPH oxidase 4, the activation of catalase and superoxide dismutase activities, and the restoration of glutathione levels. Moreover, hispidulin administration attenuated tubular cell apoptosis by inhibiting caspase-3 pathway. These data suggest that hispidulin ameliorates endotoxin-induced kidney injury by suppressing inflammation, oxidative stress, and tubular cell death.