天基平台宽谱段成像光学系统设计北大核心CSCD

针对用于地球静止轨道卫星的遥感面阵快照式成像光谱仪传输数据量过大引起的数据传输困难、信号采集处理时间长的问题,利用地球静止轨道平台可以长期驻留固定区域上空的特点,提出采用压缩感知的大口径宽谱段快照式光谱仪方案,对其光学系统结构进行设计,并对相关参数进行了计算。物镜采用同轴三反式无焦系统,用分色片对系统分光,经过对各系统进行优化处理,最终获得了幅宽为400 km×400 km,可见光地面像元分辨率为50 m、中波红外地面像元分辨率为400 m、长波红外地面像元分辨率为625 m的光学系统。该设计中,可见光路在78.125 lp/mm的MTF高于0.455,中波红外的光谱分辨率为光路在33.3 lp/mm处的MTF高于0.518,长波红外光路在20.8 lp/mm处的MTF高于0.498;可见光光谱分辨率为20 nm、中波红外的光谱分辨率为50 nm、长波红外的光谱分辨率为150 nm;可见光路二级光谱小于0.05 mm,设计结果具有良好的成像质量,各部分光学系统成像质量接近衍射极限,设计结果满足应用和指标需求。     

Acousto-Optic Tunable Filter: A New Generation onochromator and more

ABSTRACT

The acousto-optic tunable filter is a compact, all solid state electronic monochromator. It is based on the acousto-optic interaction in an anisotropic crystal. Compared to conventional grating monochromtors, the AOTF has no moving parts, wider spectral tuning range (from UV though visible and near-IR to IR), higher throughput, higher resolution (few angstroms), faster scanning speed (μs) and imaging capability. These features make it possible to use the filter to develop novel instruments which are not possible otherwise. The instrumentation development and unique advantages of such AOTF based instruments including a multidimensional fluorimeter, detectors for HPLC and flow injection analysis, and a multispectral imaging instrument are described.     

多光谱光声层析成像及其在生物医学中的应用

多光谱光声层析成像(MSOT)技术是一种将多光谱成像与光声层析成像(PACT)技术相结合的新技术,该技术利用不同生物组织的光谱吸收特性,用多组不同波长的短脉冲激光照射组织以产生组织特异性的光声信号,从而更好地进行光声成像和组分识别。MSOT兼具光学成像的高灵敏度、高分辨率优势和超声成像可对数厘米深组织成像的长处,同时又能弥补光学成像深度有限和超声成像对比度差的短处,能够实现深层组织的高分辨率、高对比度、高穿透深度的实时无损伤成像。迄今为止,MSOT已应用于肿瘤内光吸收粒子的检测、血管结构和血液氧合作用的评价、生物荧光蛋白的成像以及乳腺癌患者检测的初步研究。随着光声成像系统的不断改进,MSOT与生物标记物(如荧光试剂、金纳米颗粒等)结合对体内分子进行成像,在生物医学中得到了广泛的应用。本文简要综述了MOST的成像原理、实验装置及其性能特点,着重总结了其在生物医学领域的最新应用进展,尤其是在新生血管成像、肿瘤的早期诊断及肿瘤的原位成像方面。     

利用AOTF多光谱成像系统实现伪装目标的识别

针对传统分光器件存在移动部件以及不能快速实时选择波长的不足,搭建了用声光可调滤光器(AOTF)作为分光器件的多光谱成像系统。系统由光学镜头、AOTF、AOTF驱动器、CCD摄像机和图像采集系统组成。本系统能够在(500~1000)nm的光谱范围内成像。通过对AOTF的控制可以任意选择系统的光谱,从而有目的地选择具有典型目标特性的不同波段的光谱波长,形成同一目标在不同光谱波长下的不同图像。采用迷彩布、头盔以及自然花草进行多次目标特性识别试验,得到了能突出目标特性的具有典型光谱特性的图像。证实了基于AOTF的多光谱成像系统灵敏度高、体积小、无移动部件,并且能够快速实时地改变和选择光谱波段,在所成的多光谱图像中能提高目标与背景的对比度,对伪装目标有明显的探测和识别能力,能将伪装目标与背景区分开。     

Comparative Evaluation of Spectral Transforms for Multispectral Image Coding in Terms of Color Degradation

Recently, multispectral images have been utilized for high fidelity color reproduction through visual telecommunication systems and its compression schemes have been required. However multispectral image coding considering color degradation has not been established. This article presents a comparison of four spectral transforms presented before to find out which transform is more suitable to a spectral decorrelation scheme in transform coding of multispectral images. Transforms dealt with in this paper are Karhunen-Loeve transform (KLT), weighted KLT (WKLT), one mode analysis (OMA) and a transform realizing compatibility to the conventional color systems, latter three of which are designed to represent spectral reflectance functions with small number of coefficients having small colorimetric errors. Through the theoretical and experimental comparisons, it is found that WKLT and OMA reduced colorimetric error compared to the others, where OMA is suitable when the rendering illuminations in the color reproduction can be assumed in advance and WKLT is applicable to other situations.     

多波段复合密度假彩色编码

本文根据陆地资源卫星遥感图象的多波段特点,首次提出用光学滤波进行多波段图象复合的密度假彩色编码法.先制作一张带有两个不同波段信息的夹层型位相调制图象,然后在白光信息处理系统中解调以获得能反映出不同密度及其复合效果的假彩色图象.文中讨论了编码原理并给出了实验结果.这种新方法估计也能同样有效地应用于“多波段”的X射线及电镜黑白图象.