一种可实时化的多光谱图像融合系统

在多光谱摄影和光电成像技术基础上，本文提出了一种可实时化的多光谱图像融合系统。与多光谱摄影相比，不仅可实现多光谱实时化摄像，而且光谱响应进一步向近红外延伸，并引入图像处理技术。实验表明：这种技术对于增加系统的识别能力具有明显的作用，可进一步构成不同用途的新型多光谱图像融合系统。     

Theoretical and numerical analysis on multispectral bioluminescence tomography

Recently, molecular imaging has been rapidly developed to studyphysiological and pathological processes in vivo at the cellularand molecular levels. Among molecular imaging modalities, opticalimaging has attracted a major attention for its unique advantages.In this paper, we establish a mathematical framework for multispectralbioluminescence tomography (BLT) that allows simultaneous studiesof multiple optical reporters. We show solution existence, uniquenessand continuous dependence on data as well as the limiting behaviourswhen the regularization parameter approaches zero or when thepenalty parameter approaches infinity. Then, we propose twonumerical schemes for multispectral BLT and derive error estimatesfor the corresponding solutions.     

遥感岩性识别研究进展与展望

综述遥感岩性识别的岩石光谱学机理与岩石光谱特征,总结目前常用的遥感岩性信息提取方法.认为深入研究岩石矿物的光谱学机理,不仅要测量单个矿物的光谱,分析其诊断性特征,建立和完善矿物的光谱库,更重要的是测量和研究多种矿物、岩石组成的岩性地层单位的成分与光谱的相关性特征、规律及其诊断性特征.建议我国南方遥感岩性识别研究应开展不同岩性地层单位的岩石地球化学特征与其上部覆盖土壤化学特征和植被生物化学特征之间的相关分析,寻找其对应的遥感光谱信息变化规律;加强遥感信息与非遥感信息的综合分析,探索对新的高空间分辨率、高光谱分辨率的其它遥感信息的岩性识别方法.     

高分辨率微型星载相机光学系统的设计及应用

为了克服太空环境的复杂性,满足航天工程的空间使用要求,研制一款2 500万像素宽光谱共焦成像的微型星载相机光学系统。该系统适应卫星发射和在轨道运行的恶劣环境,具有抗冲击震动、耐太空高温差强辐射,体积小,质量轻等优点。设计的系统可在450 nm～800 nm的谱段内清晰成像,焦距181 mm,入瞳口径45 mm,视场角10.4°,边缘相对照度0.81,轴上点MTF:0.57@55 lp/mm,0.33@110 lp/mm,畸变1.2%,镜头质量622 g,外形尺寸Φ58.3 mm×117 mm,抗辐照性能≥5 krad。通过温度适应性的模拟和优化,用户进行?30 ℃～+70 ℃光学镜头热真空试验,可正常工作。该系统已成功应用于天宫二号伴飞卫星相机中,获得的图像清晰稳定,为空间遥感实验观测发挥了重要的作用。     

多光谱成像技术诊断植物病虫害的人工神经网络模型

为了实现可靠的植物病虫害诊断,提出把人工神经网络和多光谱成像技术结合的方法,并将该方法用于常见的三种黄瓜病害的识别研究。在此基础上,实验采用窄带多光谱成像技术获取患病黄瓜叶面的14个可见光通道和近红外通道、全色通道的多光谱图像。利用BP网络对病斑样本的光谱信息进行学习分类。和14通道训练结果比较,增加850nm的近红外通道和全色通道,使网络的训练时间缩短、预测能力提高。实验结果表明,这种方法对植物进行快速、准确和非破坏性诊断提供可靠的技术支持。     

基于提升方案的多光谱遥感图像有损压缩算法

在分析多光谱遥感图像谱间和空间数据特点的基础上,提出了一种DPCM线性预测与基于提升方案的整数小波变换相结合的多光谱遥感图像有损压缩算法。在谱间采用DPCM预测去除谱间相关性;在谱内采用整数小波变换去除空间相关性,根据不同子带对目标识别的重要程度,选择不同的量化阈值和量化步长进行量化,并分别对各个子带量化后的数据和重要图表采用固定比特平面编码和游程编码,实现高效的多光谱遥感图像压缩。实验结果表明,该算法在一定的压缩比下,重构图像具有较高的峰值信噪比,并且算法硬件实现简单,对内存的需求低。     

An improved partial SPIHT with classified weighted rate-distortion optimization for interferential multispectral image compression

Based on the property analysis of interferential multispectral images, a novel compression algorithm of partial set partitioning in hierarchical trees (SPIHT) with classified weighted rate-distortion optimization is presented.After wavelet decomposition, partial SPIHT is applied to each zero tree independently by adaptively selecting one of three coding modes according to the probability of the significant coefficients in each bitplane.Meanwhile the interferential multispectral image is partitioned into two kinds of regions in terms of luminous intensity, and the rate-distortion slopes of zero trees are then lifted with classified weights according to their distortion contribution to the constructed spectrum.Finally a global ratedistortion optimization truncation is performed.Compared with the conventional methods, the proposed algorithm not only improves the performance in spatial domain but also reduces the distortion in spectral domain.     

林火目标遥感多光谱识别指数构建方法研究

针对现有高温目标识别方法中波段筛选、识别指数构建缺少数学定量评判指标的问题,以内蒙古大兴安岭地区一次森林火灾为例,选用Landsat 8 OLI遥感影像数据进行林火目标多光谱识别指数构建方法的研究。研究发现,基于方差分析原理的"可分性度量"指标可作为高温目标识别方法研究中波段筛选、识别指数构建的数学定量评判指标,改进以往识别方法的定性分析方式。在区分林火目标与其他地物过程中,上述数学定量评判指标均具有遥感目标识别与分类的物理意义;其分类适宜性对林火目标的识别与提取具有重要作用。经过验证分析,利用"可分性度量"评判指标筛选出的适宜火点识别指数,在实际分类中效果良好、精确度较高,与理论结果相吻合。     

Fusion of 2-D SIMS Images Using the Wavelet Transform

 Secondary ion mass spectroscopy (SIMS) is a powerful method for element distribution examination of conducting and semi-conducting surfaces at high spatial resolution and with a high sensitivity. Routine surface analysis produces about 8 to 15 images in a short time, each of which displays the intensity distribution of one mass, thus generating a multispectral SIMS image. Formation of occlusions, segregations, and the overall location of the elements relative to each other, are difficult to recognise when looking at n separate 2-D images. Image fusion is a process whereby images obtained from various sensors, or at different moments of time, or under different conditions, are combined together to provide a more complete picture of the object under investigation. The process of combining SIMS images may be viewed as an attempt to compensate for the inherent effect of SIMS to channel the information obtained from the sample into different images, corresponding to different element phases. The wavelet transform is a powerful method for fusion of images. This work covers the use of wavelet based fusion algorithms on multispectral SIMS images, evaluating the performance of different wavelet based fusion rules on different type of image systems and comparing the results to conventional fusion techniques. An aim of this study is to increase the information, i.e. the number of masses, which can be merged into one image in order to enhance the perception and interpretation of the SIMS surface images.     

卫星干涉多光谱图像压缩新算法

根据卫星干涉多光谱图像的成像特性,提出一种基于分类权值率失真优化截取和自适应编码深度控制的部分SPIHT光谱图像压缩算法.首先根据干涉区域类型和编码平面的重要性,对各棵零树各个编码过程赋予不同的重要性权值,然后采用部分SPIHT算法对每棵零树独立编码,编码时根据比特平面层中重要系数的统计概率自适应地进行3种编码模式的选择,同时依据重要性权值和深度控制因子自适应地控制每棵零树的编码深度,最后在编码深度内,根据不同干涉区域的零树对恢复光谱的失真贡献,采用分类权值率失真方法对码流进行优化截取,使码流分配与失真达成最优.实验结果表明,本算法比传统算法更好地保护了光谱信息.