Fredholm boundary value problems for perturbed systems of dynamic equations on time scales

This paper offers conditions ensuring the existence of solutions of linear boundary value problems for systems of dynamic equations on time scales. Utilizing a method of Moore–Penrose pseudo‐inverse matrices leads to an analytical form of a criterion for the existence of solutions in a relevant space and, moreover, to the construction of a family of linearly independent solutions of such problems in a general case with the number of boundary conditions (defined by a linear vector functional) not coinciding with the number of unknowns of a system of dynamic equations. As an example of an application of the presented results, the problem of bifurcation of solutions of boundary value problems for systems of dynamic equations on time scales with a small parameter is considered.     

The contribution of K.-H. Elster to generalized conjugation theory and nonconvex duality

This article surveys the main contributions of K.-H. Elster to the theory of generalized conjugate functions and its applications to duality in nonconvex optimization.     

Metric inequalities for routings on direct connections with application to line planning

We consider multi-commodity flow problems in which capacities are installed on paths. In this setting, it is often important to distinguish between flows on direct connection routes, using single paths, and flows that include path switching. We derive a feasibility condition for path capacities supporting such direct connection flows similar to the well-known feasibility condition for arc capacities in ordinary multi-commodity flows. The condition can be expressed in terms of a class of metric inequalities for routings on direct connections. We illustrate the concept on the example of the line planning problem in public transport and present an application to large-scale real-world problems.     

Multiple plasmonic effect on photocurrent generation of metal‐loaded titanium dioxide composite/dye films on gold grating surface

We demonstrate the multiple plasmonic effect on the photocurrent properties of photoanodes containing Ag or Au nanoparticles (NPs) loaded onto titanium dioxide film (Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂) on Au grating surfaces. Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂ nanocomposite particles are prepared by a flame spray pyrolysis route. The structures and morphologies of the prepared products are characterized by high‐resolution transmission electron microscopy. The Ag–TiO₂ or Au–TiO₂ composite NPs are deposited by spin coating onto the Au grating surfaces. The photoanode electrode is a layered structure of blu‐ray disc‐recordable grating substrate/Au/Ag (or Au)–TiO₂/dye/electrolyte/indium‐tin oxide. The plasmonic effect is induced when Ag or Au NPs are located within the propagating surface plasmon (SP) field on the Au grating surface. The short‐circuit photocurrent is increased by exciting the grating‐coupled propagating SP on the Au gratings and is further enhanced by positioning the Ag or Au NPs within the grating‐coupled SP field. Copyright © 2014 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Optimization of sampling frequency for routine river water quality monitoring

Sampling frequency is an important factor to be considered during the design of a water monitoring network,and the cost-effective selection of possible ways and means for the optimization of sampling frequency is still needed.This paper introduces water pollution index deviation ratio comparison(WPI DRC),a procedure for the optimization of sampling frequency for a routine river water quality monitoring system.Sampling frequency optimized using WPI DRC at monitoring station X5 in the mainstream of Xiangjiang River is compared with that established using the traditional Statistical Algorithm method.The result of comparison indicates that WPI DRC is more feasible than the traditional one.And then,the sampling frequencies for other 16 monitoring stations also have been optimized,and the results show the sampling frequencies of all the stations except that X4 are reduced,and there is no unacceptable difference between water quality evaluation results at 17 stations before and after the optimization.Therefore,it is concluded that WPI DRC is an effective optimization process with operable results,which can be used to fulfill the requirement of practical monitoring work.     

炼钢厂连铸机的开浇时间决策优化模型

针对炼钢厂连铸机开浇时是否连浇以及开浇时间确定等问题,从钢厂生产线上待加工的铁水/钢水金属资源平衡的角度,建立了以连铸生产总效益最大为目标函数的连铸机开浇决策的混合整数规划模型,并用基于MATLAB软件的YALMIP优化工具进行模型的求解.针对某钢厂的实际情况进行模型的应用测试,结果表明:模型可以优化决策连铸机各浇次的开浇时间,有助于编制合理的炼钢厂生产调度作业计划,稳定各班次之间的生产条件,降低生产线上的积压金属量,为炼钢厂连铸机的有序开浇提供了技术手段.     

烧结矿竖罐内气固传热过程数值模拟与优化

以某钢铁企业360 m~2烧结机年产390万t烧结矿为研究对象,建立了竖罐内气固传热过程的数学模型,模拟研究了影响竖罐内气固传热过程的主要因素及其影响规律,得到了竖罐适宜的操作参数.研究结果表明:随着气体表观流速的减小和空气进口温度的增加,烧结矿出口温度和空气出口温度均逐渐增加;烧结矿颗粒直径的减小导致烧结矿出口温度的降低和空气出口温度的增加.竖罐适宜的操作参数为:空气进口标况流量45.5万m~3/h,颗粒当量直径0.025 m,空气进口温度130℃.     

基于可拓分析的轨道车辆齿轮箱可靠性评估

采用可拓分析方法研究轨道车辆齿轮箱在线路运行时的可靠性评估问题.基于可拓理论的蕴含及可扩分析方法对齿轮箱可靠性物元进行分析,设定其可靠性评估的上位目标和下位目标;建立基于齿轮箱结构部件运行状态的比例故障率模型,应用粒子群优化算法对故障率模型进行参数的极大似然估计;以参数估计结果为基础,构建各部件的可靠性物元,进而实现对齿轮箱可靠性的整体评估.分析实例表明,在齿轮箱的当前运行状态下,大齿轮轴承Ⅰ和小齿轮的可靠性相对较低,是行车中应重点监测的部件.     

基于IFCM-GRA的空间多维热误差温度测点优化

热误差是精密、超精密加工中主要的误差源之一,热误差温度测点优化是热误差补偿的关键问题.在机床空间多维布置的大量温度测点之间存在多重相关性,从众多测点中选取特征点的优劣程度,将直接影响到热误差补偿效果.通过对温度测点间多重相关性及温度与热误差关系的综合分析,采用改进的模糊C-均值(IFCM)聚类算法对温度测点进行聚类,以减小类与类之间温度测点的相关性,且避免FCM算法对初始聚类中心敏感易局部收敛的缺点.对温度测点按灰色关联分析(GRA)中的灰色综合关联度进行排序,从变化量和变化率的角度综合反映温度与热误差的关系.采用IFCM-GRA对温度测点进行优化,提高了热误差模型的鲁棒性及准确性,使温度测点数量大幅度减少.在某型号精密卧式加工中心上进行实验,温度测点从17个减少到4个.在不同转速下,利用多元线性回归对优化出的温度测点与热误差建立模型,所建立模型均能很好地预测热误差变化情况,经对预测模型分析,轴向热误差由几十微米减小到5μm以内.