全文获取类型
收费全文 | 23386篇 |
免费 | 3376篇 |
国内免费 | 2739篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 7928篇 |
晶体学 | 182篇 |
力学 | 1529篇 |
综合类 | 155篇 |
数学 | 1005篇 |
物理学 | 9503篇 |
综合类 | 9199篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 69篇 |
2023年 | 245篇 |
2022年 | 650篇 |
2021年 | 671篇 |
2020年 | 732篇 |
2019年 | 628篇 |
2018年 | 597篇 |
2017年 | 770篇 |
2016年 | 891篇 |
2015年 | 809篇 |
2014年 | 1244篇 |
2013年 | 1579篇 |
2012年 | 1402篇 |
2011年 | 1509篇 |
2010年 | 1198篇 |
2009年 | 1415篇 |
2008年 | 1426篇 |
2007年 | 1498篇 |
2006年 | 1468篇 |
2005年 | 1204篇 |
2004年 | 1147篇 |
2003年 | 985篇 |
2002年 | 890篇 |
2001年 | 810篇 |
2000年 | 730篇 |
1999年 | 552篇 |
1998年 | 595篇 |
1997年 | 509篇 |
1996年 | 476篇 |
1995年 | 442篇 |
1994年 | 390篇 |
1993年 | 325篇 |
1992年 | 309篇 |
1991年 | 246篇 |
1990年 | 227篇 |
1989年 | 201篇 |
1988年 | 206篇 |
1987年 | 124篇 |
1986年 | 76篇 |
1985年 | 48篇 |
1984年 | 48篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 32篇 |
1981年 | 20篇 |
1980年 | 14篇 |
1979年 | 11篇 |
1978年 | 18篇 |
1977年 | 9篇 |
1976年 | 5篇 |
1973年 | 15篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
71.
72.
本文分析及研究了作者对绝缘栅PMOS场效应结构所进行的SUPREM—SEDAN联机模拟.重点在衬底电阻率(掺杂浓度)与MOS结构阈值电压之间的定量关系上得到了与实验完全一致的结果.同时,定量地描述了栅氧层中电离电荷的分布及其行为.揭示了上述效应的机理. 相似文献
73.
庞乾骏 《上海交通大学学报》1996,30(9):24-29,33
提出了一种掺杂离子导体(DIC)的粒子交叠广义晶格模型,由此模型,推导随机-电阻-网络(RRN)理论中3种导电键各自组分的几率,并采用有效介质近似(EMA)计算了DIC系统的电导及其粒子尺度效应。 相似文献
74.
75.
J.S. Tsay H.W. Chang Y.L. Chiou K.T. Huang W.Y. Chan Y.D. Yao 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006
Influences of oxygen exposure on the magnetic properties of Co/Ge(1 1 1) ultrathin films have been investigated by surface magneto-optic Kerr effect technique. As the oxygen exposure increases on Co/Ge(1 1 1) films, their magnetic properties could be modified. As an example for 15 ML Co/Ge(1 1 1) films, the coercivity increases from 730 to 920 Oe and the remanence Kerr intensity is reduced for 500 Langmuir (L) of oxygen exposure. Corresponding compositions analyzed by Auger electron spectroscopy measurement shows that the amount of oxygen on the surface layers increases with increasing the oxygen exposure time. Oxygen distributes on the topmost layers of the film. The adsorbed oxygen influences the electronic density of states of Co and results in the changes of the magnetic properties. Besides, the appearance of O/Co/Ge interface could modify the stress anisotropy, and as a result the coercivity of ultrathin Co/Ge(1 1 1) film is enhanced. 相似文献
76.
Sang Kyu Lee Min Ju Cho Jung‐Il Jin Dong Hoon Choi 《Journal of polymer science. Part A, Polymer chemistry》2007,45(3):531-542
New photocrosslinkable maleimide copolymers have been synthesized by the attachment of a tricyanopyrrolidene‐based chromophore. The 2‐(3‐cyano‐4‐(2‐{4‐[hexyl‐(6‐hydroxy‐hexyl)‐amino]‐phenyl}‐vinyl)‐5‐oxo‐1‐{4‐[4‐(3‐oxo‐3‐phenyl‐propenyl)‐ phenoxy]‐butyl}‐1,5‐dihydro‐pyrrol‐2‐ylidene)‐malononitrile chromophore exhibits nonlinear optical activity and contains a chalcone moiety that is sensitive to UV light (λ = 330–360 nm) for crosslink formation. The maleimide monomers have also been functionalized with chalcone moieties. The resultant copolymers exhibit great processability, and one of them shows a maximum electrooptic coefficient of 90 pm/V at 1300 nm. We could control the thermal stability of the electrooptic coefficient with the newly synthesized photoreactive copolymers successfully. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 45: 531–542, 2007 相似文献
77.
We report on a new type of Fano effect, named as Andreev-Fano effect, in a hybrid normal-metal/supeeconductor (N/S) interferometer embedded with a quantum dot. Compared with the conventional Fano effect, AndreevFano effect has some new features related to the characteristics of Andreev reflection. In the Iinear response regime, the line shape is the square of the conventional Fano shape, while in the nonlinear transport, a sharp resonant structure is superposed on an expanded interference pattern, which is qualitatively different from the conventional Fano effect. The phase dependence of the hybrid N/S interferometer is also distinguished from those of all-N or all-S interferometers. 相似文献
78.
79.
Y. Oner O. Kamer Joseph H. Ross Jr. 《Journal of magnetism and magnetic materials》2006,300(2):373-381
We report resistivity and magnetization measurements on an amorphous Ni74Mn24Pt2 thin film in the temperature range of 3–300 K. Two significant features are apparent in both the magnetic susceptibility and electrical resistivity. A low-temperature (low-T) anomaly is observed at about 40 K, where a cusp appears in the resistivity, while a concomitant step-like increase in zero-field-cooled (ZFC) magnetization (M) appears with increasing temperature. The low-T anomaly is attributed to a crossover from a pure re-entrant spin-glass within individual domains to a mixed ferro-spin-glass regime at lower temperatures. By contrast, the high-temperature (high-T) anomaly, signaled by the appearance of hysteresis below 250 K, corresponds to the freezing of transverse spins in individual domains acting independently. Between the low-T and high-T anomalies a small but discernable magnetic hysteresis is observed for warming vs. cooling in the field-cooled (FC) case. This behavior clearly indicates the presence of domain structure in the sample, while the disappearance of this hysteresis at lower temperatures indicates the complete freezing of the spin orientation of these domains. According to these results, we have divided the magnetic state of this sample into three regions: at temperatures above 250 K, the sample behaves like a soft ferromagnet, exhibiting M vs. H loops with very small hysteresis (less than 5 Oe). As the temperature is lowered into the intermediate region (the range 40–250 K), spins become frozen randomly and progressively within the individual domains. These domains behave independently, rather than as a cooperative behavior of the sample. Weak irreversibility sets in, indicating the onset of transverse spin freezing within the domains. At temperatures below 40 K, the M vs. H loops exhibit larger hysteresis, for both the ZFC and FC cases, as in a pure spin-glass. We have also demonstrated giant noise in the resistivity at temperatures just below 250 K. Such noise can originate from fluctuations of the domains near the film surface because of competing effective bulk and surface anisotropy fields. The large observed amplitude may be explained by means of a large ferromagnetic anisotropy in the resistivity due to the large spin–orbit effect seen in NiMn systems. Finally, the low-T peak in the resistivity has been analyzed using Fisher and Langer's expression based on the Friedel Model proposed for critical transitions in transition metals (s–d systems). The fitted results are in satisfactory agreement with the predictions of this model. 相似文献
80.
B. Savo P. Romano A. Nigro R. Di Leo 《Physica C: Superconductivity and its Applications》2002,370(4):275-280
The flat voltage noise component of current biased, high-transparency Nb/AlOx/Nb superconducting tunnel junctions has been investigated at frequencies up to 70 kHz. Several aspects of the analyzed phenomena suggest the presence of current noise effects induced by the discreteness of the charge carriers. At subgap voltages, where excess currents occur, a behavior coherent with a multiple Andreev reflection-assisted transport through the tunnel barrier has been found. However, the measured charge values exceed any theoretical prediction. 相似文献