时代、民族、个性与绘画的反思

论述了时代、民族、个性之间相辅相成的关系,举出了不同国度、不同历史时代、不同学术流派的具体事例,阐述了在绘画创作中民族传统是土壤、时代是空气、艺术家的个性是推动力的观点,及如何处理三者间的关系,提出艺术家个性化的误区及对策.     

邺下文学集团交际活动的文学特征

邺下文学集团时期，文学成为集团内部文人宴集、游览等交际活动的主体和特色。主要表现为：文学不仅成为集团内部文人活动的重要成果与价值体现，而且文人活动与文学创作彰显出同步发展的趋势，文人文学创作的群体性特征也愈加明显。     

Large-area boron carbide protective coatings for controlled thermonuclear research prepared byin situ plasma CVD

Impurity release from the first wall and components facing the hot plasma in Tokamak devices for controlled fusion research and the concomitant pollution of the plasma lead to enhanced energy losses and deuterium-tritium luel dilution. Both these effects can prevent reaching the ignition conditions. The recently developed technique for large areain situ deposition of boron carbide protective coatings by means of plasma-induced chemical vapor deposition enables one to significantly improve the purity of the fusion plasma. The prospects of approaching the scientific break-even in the large machines of the Tokarnak type has been increased.Extended version of an invited paper presented at the 10th International Symposium on Boron, Borides, and Related Compounds, Albuquerque, New Mexico, August 1990.The term Tokarnak is an abbreviation of the Russian name toroidal magnetic chamber.     

Genetic engineering to enhance the selectivity of protein separations

The ability to recover and purify natural and recombinant proteins, and the costs of doing so remain a major task in introducing the potential products of biotechnology. The bases for separation range from specific binding onto tailored reagents to solubility and partitioning behavior governed by a mixed bag of size, charge, and hydrophobicity. In most cases, a combination of methods is used in sequence, and improvements in the selectivity at an early stage can enhance the effectiveness of subsequent (and usually more costly) steps. Genetic engineering provides a means of improving the selectivity within the context of existing separation methods. By this strategy, improvements in selectivity are sought by bestowing a distinctive property on the protein of interest. The primary sequence of amino acids is altered, such that the protein can be selectively removed from other components of the multicomponent mixture in which such products are commonly found. In this article, the range of these “distinctive properties” and their pairing with various separation methods will be reviewed. Specific examples from our work, in which a distinctive charge is provided via a polypeptide “purification” fusion tail, will be discussed. Separation methods we have used with these fusion proteins are precipitation, two-phase aqueous extraction, reversed micellar extraction, and ion exchange using both resins and membranes.     

激光核聚变中的一种X光解谱方法

本文在SAND迭代法的基础上,采取带有周期性光滑化的限幅迭代方法,求解激光核聚变中的X光能谱取得了较好的结果。这个方法适用于根据亚千X射线谱仪、多道k边滤波谱仪和多道滤波-荧光谱仪的测量结果回推靶等离子体的X射线能谱。计算结果表明,该方法完全抑制了数值不稳定性,消除了非物理的“负能谱”现象和解谱结果中的数值结构。特别是该方法对初始试探谱有很强的适应性,解谱计算结果与初始试探谱无关。     

Rate processes on fractals: Theory,simulations, and experiments

Heterogeneous kinetics are shown to differ drastically from homogeneous kinetics. For the elementary reaction A + A products we show that the diffusion-limited reaction rate is proportional tot ^– h[A]² or to [A]^x, whereh=1- d _s/2, X=1+2/d _s =(h-2)(h-1), andd _s is the effective spectral dimension. We note that ford = d _s =1, h =1/2 andX = 3, for percolating clustersd _s = 4/3,h = 1/3 andX = 5/2, while for dust ds <1, 1 >h > 1/2 and >X > 3. Scaling arguments, supercomputer simulations and experiments give a consistent picture. The interplay of energetic and geometric heterogeneity results in fractal-like kinetics and is relevant to excitation fusion experiments in porous membranes, films, and polymeric glasses. However, in isotopic mixed crystals, the geometric fractal nature (percolation clusters) dominates.     

Expression and Purification of ZNF191（243-368） in Three Expression Systems

ZNF191 （243-368）, a new human zinc finger protein, probably relates to some hereditary diseases and cancers, To obtain adequate amount of ZNF191（243-368） for the study of its property, structure and function, three different expression systems of inclusion-body, glutathione S-transferase （GST）, and hexahistidine （6 × His） were used and compared. Among these systems, the expression level of ZNFI91（243-368） was increased in inclusion body system under a higher isopropylthio-β-D-galactoside （IPTG） concentration, but the non-target proteins were also increased more, which made its purification more difficult and the yield lower. The expression of His-tag fusion protein was almost not affected by IPTG concentration, temperature and inducing time. At a high IPTG concentration the highest expression yield for GST fusion protein was obtained. And the fusion proteins can be partially purified by a single affinity chromatography step. The fusion protein systems show advantages for expression of these proteins.     

High-level expression of soluble human β-defensin-2 fused with green fluorescent protein in Escherichia coli cell-free system

Human β-defensin-2 (hBD2), a small cationic peptide, exhibits a broad range of antimicrobial activity and does not acquire any microbial resistance. To produce this uneasily detectable, degradable, and toxic polypeptide efficiently, an alternative approach based on the Escherichia coli cell-free biosynthesis system was proposed. The approach implies that a polypeptide of interest is synthesized as a fusion protein linked to a green fluorescent protein (GFP) through a cleavable spacer. With batch-mode operation, a significant amount of hBD2 fused with GFP (0.25 mg/mL) can be expressed in this cell-free system. The productivity of the fusion protein can be improved up to 1.2 mg/mL by employing a continuous-exchange cell-free system. Furthermore, the GFP moiety provides directly visible and quantitative monitoring of the polypeptide synthesis, and the product is soluble and stable. This work will be helpful in allowing the rapid and visible expression of other similar defensins using an in vitro cell-free system.     

基于多维行为分析的窃电高风险客户精准定位方法

窃电行为对国家电力系统及供电公司造成了极大的损失,故反窃电技术是电力行业的重要研究方向之一。传统的窃电用户定位方法存在定位不准确、查处效率低等问题,为了解决上述问题,提出基于多维行为分析的窃电高风险客户精准定位方法。首先通过相关矩阵R及特征值谱熵正则化完成用户数据去噪,其次在UFS-MI模型内提取用户数据特征,分析用户用电的多维行为,最后根据逻辑回归算法完成窃电高风险客户的精确定位。实验结果表明,所提方法的窃电高风险客户定位精准度较高,误判率较低,整体定位效果较好。