硒水平对食管癌发病率影响的初步研究

对比研究显示食管癌高发区磁县土壤,粮食,水和正常人发硒的质量分数「分别为０．４２＊１０＾－９,０．０８＊１０＾－９,１．２４＊１０＾－９,１．１６＊１０＾－６」最高,中发区临漳县次之「分别为０．１７４＊１０＾－９,０．０４９＊１０＾－９,０．６８＊１０＾－９,０．９７＊１０＾－６」,低发区魏县最低「分别为０．１４８＊１０＾－９,０．０２６＊１０＾－９,０．２４＊１０＾－９,０．９１＊１０＾－６」,     

贺兰山苔藓植物物种多样性,生物量及生态学作用的研究

研究了贺兰山不同海拔高度主要林型种苔藓植物物种多样性,生物量和生态学作用,结果表明,云杉林下藓类地层的生物量最高,９１４７．７ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,是林灌木和草本植物总生物量的９．２倍,在饱和吸水状态下,可贮存水２０１７４．５ｋｇ／ｈｍ＾２,通过随机取样按海拔高度,林型和土壤类型等梯度对贺兰苔藓植物被进行了调查,影响苔藓植物生长和分布的主要生态因子是光照,相对湿度,海拔高度和土壤ｐＨ对出现在群落中包拓苔     

灌区淋洗水量优化计算

在灌区水资源优化调度的基础上,考虑了土壤临界含盐量、土壤和地下水水盐动态等因素,提出了灌区淋洗水量优化计算方法,并给出了算例。     

膨胀土的浸水规律

根据土体浸水速率（导水库）与土体结构的理论关系和膨胀土结构的分形模型,导出了膨胀土的浸水速率与含水量,吸力、时间和上覆荷载的相关关系。理论和试验结果表明：膨胀土的浸水速率与含水量、吸力和时间在双对数坐标上呈直线相关,随着含水量增加、吸力减小,浸水速率增大、浸水速率随时间延长而减小;浸水速率的对数与上覆荷载呈直线相关,上覆荷载越大,浸水速率越小。     

非饱和分层土壤中污染物迁移转化规律研究

分析了污染物在分层土壤中随下渗水体向下迁移的机理过程,借助于数值计算模型模拟计算非饱和分层土壤中污染物迁移转化特性,研究了不同土壤层及土壤层的排序对污染物迁移转化的影响状况。     

非饱和带溶质运移问题的有限元解法

ＳＵＰＧ有限元法应用于土体的非饱和溶质运移问题,导出了其数值表达式,编制了计算程序。以一维入渗问题为例进行了数值计算,与其他方法及野外试验结果进行了对比,表明该方法是正确的、稳定的,可用于非饱和带溶质运移问题的实际计算。     

河南伏牛山蕨类植物区系分析

本文报道了河南伏牛山蕨类植物区系４个特征：（１）本区系有蕨类植物２９科７４属２２２种（含变型）;（２）优势科是鳞毛蕨科、蹄盖蕨科和水龙骨科,主要属是鳞毛蕨属、蹄盖蕨属、耳蕨属、瓦韦属;（３）本区系属内种系贫乏,除少数几个属种类较多外,１～２种的属有５２属,占属的总数７０．２７％;（４）种的区系成分在地理分布上与秦岭的联系最为密切,其次是西南、日本     

缙云山森林土壤速效氮,钾,含量随植物群落演替变化趋势分析

对缙云山不同演替阶段森林群落土壤速效氮、钾等指标作了取样分析．研究结果表明,随着植物群落由灌草丛→针叶林前期→针叶林后期→针阔混交林→常绿阔叶林演替进展,群落Ａ０层土壤速效氮、钾表现出多→少→多的变化趋势;Ａ,Ｂ,Ｃ层土壤速效氮、钾呈单向递增的演替变化趋势．芒萁草本凋落物向土壤Ａ０层供钾能力大于常绿阔叶木本植物凋落物,常绿阔叶木本植物凋落物向土壤Ａ０层供氮及向Ａ,Ｂ,Ｃ层供氮、钾能力大于芒萁草本凋落物．速效钾在土壤中垂直传递能力大于水解性氮．     

Correlation Analysis of the Runoff of the Rivers and the Seisms in China

In recent hundred years the annual discharge variations of the Changjiang River (represented by the Yichang station) and the Huanghe River (represented by Shanxian and Tangnaihe, respectively) have closely related to the geographical distribution of the earthquakes coming about in China in the same year, Both the occurrence of the destructive seism or seismic swarm in the river basins and the disappearance of the shocks in the east and south of the basins are the conditions that the Changjiang and Huanghe Rivers are the high flow while that the strong earthquake of magnitude 7 or more occurred in North China is the condition for the Changjiang low flow year and that of 6 or more in the Qilian Mountains area is for the Huanghe River. In the latter part of this paper, a 2-year sample is given to explain that the conditions of the 2 rivers being high flow years are that the north-south seismic belt is active and in the meanwhile no seism occurred in South China, and those of the low flow year are that the     

Removal of humic matter interference in the determination of Cr(VI) in soil extracts by the diphenylcarbazide method

Alkaline digestion of soil samples, which is recommended for minimizing Cr(III)–Cr(VI) interconversions during the extraction of Cr(VI), may also solubilize humic matter (HM). The latter is responsible for both positive and negative interference in the analysis of Cr(VI) in the extract by the diphenylcarbazide (DPC) method. Humic compounds indeed absorb light at 540 nm as the Cr-DPC product and are also able to rapidly reduce Cr(VI) under the pH conditions of the standard DPC method. To prevent any risk of interference and make the DPC method applicable to soil extracts, a new protocol is proposed. This consists of three successive steps: (1) extraction of Cr(VI) by the U.S.EPA method 3060A in the presence of Mg²⁺; (2) batch removal of solubilised HM by the XAD-7 sorbent at pH 3.0 ± 0.1 with 3–5 min contact time; (3) analysis of Cr(VI) with the DPC method at pH 3.0 ± 0.1. The application of this new protocol to the soil product SQC-012 Lot 4 certified by R.T. Corporation (RTC, USA) gave significantly lower Cr(VI) concentrations and smaller variability compared to certified values (46.5 ± 2.3 instead of 153 ± 32.6 mg/kg). The new protocol was validated by Cr(VI) and Cr(III) spikes either to the soil/extractant suspension or to the exctract. Cr(VI) results in the wide range of acceptance limits (104–202 mg/kg) reported by RTC were only obtained when the U.S.EPA method 3060A without the addition of Mg²⁺ and DPC analysis at pH 1.0 were applied. The latter procedure appears questionable since it leads to largely variable results which reflect the complex role played by humic matter in the determination of Cr(VI) and the instability of Cr(III) during the extraction.