三峡工程对长江口南汇边滩近期演变影响初步预测

利用DELFT3D模型建立了长江口二维泥沙数学模型,通过实测水文泥沙资料对模型进行了验证.在此基础上,分别将上游洪、枯季流量概化和外海典型潮波组合,建立了长期冲淤模型.通过10年实测地形资料对模型进行的验证,显示该模型较好地模拟了长江口水沙运动以及长期冲淤演变过程.考虑三峡工程蓄水后上游来水来沙的变化,对近期南汇边滩的演变趋势给出预测,结果显示:三峡工程实施之后的5～20年,南汇边滩发育基本稳定,上游来沙量的减少不会造成大幅度冲刷,边滩整体继续向东南方向演变.     

MRI中的肿瘤边缘的自动检测

MRI用于临床诊治时,肿瘤大小的自动检测一直是尚未圆满解决的问题,其中的关键技术是肿瘤边缘的自动检测。边缘检测是计算机初级视觉中的一个难题,一直受到图像处理研究人员的关注。虽然边缘检测的算子很多,但都是在噪声滤除与边缘检出之间作权衡取舍,本研究中提出了一种结合形态滤波器和广义模糊算子自动检测MRI中的肿瘤边缘的新方法,它能在保留边缘细节的同时最大程度地抑制噪声,实验结果表明,在噪声抑制和边缘点检出的折衷中,该方法具有比传统边缘缘检测算子更好的表现。     

角蝾螺的生物学特性及营养成分分析

采用形态观测和生物统计学方法对舟山野生角蝾螺基本生物学特征进行研究,并对其软体部主要营养成分进行生化分析。结果表明,角蝾螺由贝壳、软体部、厣等共同组成。贝壳呈陀螺形,体螺层膨大,螺层5~6层,表面平滑或有肋、棘突起,厣石灰质,密生小粒状突起。对螺体各主要性状进行测定表明,角蝾螺在壳高、壳宽、壳口高、厣径、鲜重、壳重、鲜肉重、干肉重、厣重等数量性状上存在明显的相关关系。壳高与壳宽、壳高与壳口高、壳高与厣径、壳高与鲜重、壳高与鲜肉重、壳高与干肉重、厣径和厣重、壳高与厣重的回归关系分别为:y壳宽=0.8575x壳高1.0086、y壳口=0.5225x壳高1.0822、y厣径壳高=0.5542x壳高0.8745、y鲜重=0.397x壳高2.7618、y鲜肉重=0.1096x壳高2.973、y干肉重=0.0211x壳高3.0048、y厣重=0.4218x厣径2.6765、y厣重=0.0716x壳高2.439。对角蝾螺软体部进行主要营养成分分析表明,角蝾螺水分含量为76.55%~76.84%,粗蛋白的含量为18.35%~18.83%(鲜重,下同),脂肪含量为0.72%~0.73%,糖含量为1.86%~1.92%,为高蛋白低脂肪水产品。     

《世说新语》中的程度补语研究

在详细调查南朝刘义庆《世说新语》的基础上,对其出现的程度补语(简称程补)作了细致的分析探讨,认为其基本句式可以分为“动 程补 宾”、“(主语) 动 宾 (状)程补”、“动(形) (状)程补”三种。其中,“动(形) (状)程补”格式出现频率最高。在《世说新语》中充当程度补语的动词主要有“毕”“竟”“酣”等;形容词主要有“困”“良久”“危急”等;副词主要有“甚”“极”等。     

多样化教学提高植物形态解剖学教学效果

针对植物形态解剖学的特点及教学中面临的问题，采取了重点内容教师理论课上精讲、直观性内容实验课上讲、简单内容学生讲、非重点内容自学等多样化的教学方式；写小论文、实验课考试、理论课考试相结合的多样性的考试方式，提高了教学效果。     

蒙授“运动解剖学”教学研究与学业成绩评析

运用教育测量学的理论和方法，对98级蒙语授课班开设“运动解剖学”课程前后的测验结果，进行量化分析和对比，从中透视教学中存在的问题，探索提高教学质量的有效途径。     

Morphological changes during heating in poly(L‐lactic acid)/poly(butylene succinate) blend systems as studied by synchrotron X‐ray scattering

Blends of poly(L ‐lactic acid) (PLA) and poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) were prepared in various compositions via melt mixing, and the morphological changes were investigated with differential scanning calorimetry and synchrotron wide‐angle and small‐angle X‐ray scattering techniques at a heating rate of 10 °C/min. Differential scanning calorimetry thermograms of PLA/PBS blends showed two distinct melting peaks over the entire composition range. The exothermal peak for PLA shifted significantly to a lower temperature and overlapped with that of PBS around 100 °C. A depression of the melting point of the PLA component via blending was observed. The synchrotron wide‐angle X‐ray scattering during heating revealed that there was no cocrystallization or crystal modification via blending. The synchrotron small‐angle X‐ray scattering data showed that well‐defined double‐scattering peaks (or peaks with a clear scattering shoulder) appeared during crystallization, indicating that this system possessed dual lamellar stacks. These peaks were deconvoluted into two components with a peak separation computer program, and then the morphological parameters of each component were obtained by means of the correlation function. The long period and average lamellar thickness of the two components before melting decreased with an increasing content of the other polymer component. © 2002 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Polym Sci Part B: Polym Phys 40: 1931–1939, 2002     

Re-entrant Photoinduced Morphological Transformation and Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Products of a Rectangular Amphiphilic Diarylethene Assembly

An amphiphilic rectangular-shaped photochromic diarylethene bearing two hydrophobic alkyl chains and two hydrophilic tri(ethylene glycol) chains was synthesized, and its photoinduced morphological transformation in water was investigated. Two unexpected phenomena were revealed in the course of the experiments: a re-entrant photoinduced macroscopic morphological transformation and temperature-dependent kinetic products of supramolecular assembly. When the pure closed-ring isomer was dispersed in water, a re-entrant photoinduced morphological transformation, that is, a photoinduced transition from the hydrated phase to the dehydrated phase and then back to the hydrated phase, was observed by optical microscopy upon irradiation with green light at 20 °C; this was interpreted by the V-shaped phase diagram of the LCST transition. The aqueous assembly of the pure closed-ring isomer was controlled by changing the temperature; specifically, rapid cooling to 15 and 5 °C gave J and H aggregates, respectively, as the kinetic products. The thermodynamic product at both temperatures was a mixture of mostly H aggregate with a small amount of J aggregate. This behavior was rationalized by the temperature-dependent potential energy surface of the supramolecular assembly.     

基于梯度图像的块状物体识别方法

提出了基于最小误差分割原理的石块图像分割方法。在获取分割后的二值化图像中,采用了形态学滤波算子进行去噪,然后利用二值图像投影变换,并参考石块底部阴影位置信息,辅助完成对部分场景下的石块识别和定位。