线性规划“少反而多”现象研究

本文给出了一般线性规划问题出现“少反而多”现象的一个充要条件和一个充分条件。第三部分给出了文［３，４］的一个注记。     

深刻领会孟建柱书记讲话精神,做优、做强、做大、做美新余

江西省委书记孟建柱最近考察新余时,对新余提出了"做优、做强、做大、做美,努力建设成新型工业主导型城市"的更高要求。要将"四做"落到实处,就必须认真解读"四做",深刻领会和全面掌握"四做"的内容及其要求。"做优"就是要优化资本,"做强"就是要做强工业基地,"做大"就是要做大经济总量,"做美"就是要美化城市。     

浅析微积分教学中一题多解的规律

在微积分中,一题多解的可能性是普遍存在的,是有规律可循的。为培养学生发散性思维能力和创新意识,应加强一题多解的训练,其中更应着眼于一般解题思想方法与具体技巧的结合,要深入考查和探讨解题方法之间的共同点与特殊性。     

中国古文献记载中“死者万计”事件的时空特征与原因分析

自然灾害是人地关系最为显性的自然事件.通过检索《中国基本古籍库》及《爱如生数据库·中国方志库》,整理了中国古文献记载中自然灾害导致的"死者万计"事件的发生频次,利用最小二乘法、小波分析和M-K检验等方法,分析其时空特征及发生原因.结果表明:历史时期"死者万计"事件频发,共有217a,主要类型为疫灾、饥灾、飓风、水灾.魏晋南北朝为第1个小活跃期,明清集中了总年数的60.8%,为第2个活跃期,并且秋季和夏季出现次数最多.10a频次呈极显著的波动上升趋势,最大值在1580~1589年,分为频次最少-缓慢上升-频次平缓-快速上升4个阶段,1820年发生增多突变.灾害演化过程中存在26,7和4a共3个周期.空间分布差异明显,以江苏、浙江为主的长江中下游和以河南为主的黄河中下游是2个高频中心,且各省灾害结构不同.气候的寒冷与异常、季节变化、灾害结构、人口规模、社会动荡、朝代更替等是灾害发生的主要原因.     

A note on the integral formulation of Einstein’s equations induced on a braneworld

We revisit the integral formulation (or Greens function approach) of Einsteins equations in the context of braneworlds. The integral formulation has been proposed independently by several authors in the past, based on the assumption that it possible to give a reinterpretation of the local metric field in curved spacetimes as an integral expression involving sources and boundary conditions. This allows one to separate source-generated and source-free contributions to the metric field. As a consequence, an exact meaning to Machs Principle can be achieved in the sense that only source-generated (matter fields) contributions to the metric are allowed for; universes which do not obey this condition would be non-Machian. In this paper, we revisit this idea concentrating on a Randall–Sundrum-type model with a non-trivial cosmology on the brane. We argue that the role of the surface term (the source-free contribution) in the braneworld scenario may be quite subtler than in the 4D formulation. This may pose, for instance, an interesting issue to the cosmological constant problem.     

中央美院与中国美院国画人物教学思想成因简析

中央美术学院和中国美术学院国画人物画教学体系的形成各有其成因，这两种在艺术思想上不尽相同的体系，前是徐悲鸿艺术思想的产物，注重以素描能力来塑造人物，造型精准，画风严谨而厚重，对人物的性格个性和思想情感刻画十分深入；后受潘天寿艺术思想的影响，注重传统，注重从花鸟画等其它传统画种中吸收营养，以用来改造人物画，其画风秀润、清淡，具有传统化审美内涵。     

Sooner and later waiting time problems in a two-state Markov chain

LetX ₁,X ₂,... be a time-homogeneous {0, 1}-valued Markov chain. LetF ₀ be the event thatl runs of 0 of lengthr occur and letF ₁ be the event thatm runs of 1 of lengthk occur in the sequenceX ₁,X ₂, ... We obtained the recurrence relations of the probability generating functions of the distributions of the waiting time for the sooner and later occurring events betweenF ₀ andF ₁ by the non-overlapping way of counting and overlapping way of counting. We also obtained the recurrence relations of the probability generating functions of the distributions of the sooner and later waiting time by the non-overlapping way of counting of 0-runs of lengthr or more and 1-runs of lengthk or more.     

A problem in etching Pyrex glass capillary columns

Recent attempts to reproduce a literature method for etching of Pyrex glass capillary columns with ?etching ether”? resulted in reduction of the columns to dust through a violent explosion. Although modifications of the method produced etched columns, we found that less than satisfactory results were achieved. Introduction of etching ether by simply coating the column with a thin film of the ether produced an evenly etched column with well defined whiskers. Several observations made during the etching process will also be discussed.     

Pupils,tools and the Zone of Proximal Development

In this article, I use the Vygotskian concept of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) to examine the learning experience of two grade seven pupils as they attempted to solve an addition of fractions problem using fraction strips. The aim is to highlight how tools can facilitate the enactment of a ZPD, within which the tool provides the guidance. Viewing the ZPD as a zone that allows for the emergence of various forms of guided talk and actions, I present a detailed analysis of a short video-recording of the pupils’ participation in a tool-mediated problem-solving activity. I show how their knowing of the concept of fractions and their perceptions of the affordances of the fraction strips marked what they said and did. I conclude by suggesting that the ZPD emerges through participation and interaction, not only between individuals but also between individuals and tools.     

基于CZT的基波频率测量—更小运算量算法研究

由于周期信号的频谱是线谱,用FFT计算频谱时,需要设置采样频率是基波频率的整数倍,才能采样一个基波周期以最小运算量精确的计算出谐波幅度及相位.本文把CZT算法用于周期信号基波测量,提出了一种小点数多次CZT的运算方法,用4倍的基波频率采样,采样16点施加汉宁窗,合理设置计算路径,在估计的频率范围内求10点CZT,把求频谱的运算量集中在真实谱线附近,多次循环从粗测到细测逐步缩小计算范围提高精度,将计算误差控制在要求的范围内,最后把计算结果经过换算得到基波的频率.仿真结果说明该算法精度高,运算量小,优于直接FFT算法.