织物稳态和动态传湿性能测定

织物的透湿性能与织物的空隙率大小和织物的吸湿散湿性能有关,在织物达吸湿平衡前,织物的传湿速率是变化的。本文自制了织物湿阻仪。用本仪器对织物动态传湿性能进行了测定,同时也对织物稳态传湿阻力进行了测定。测试过程可以在各种温度梯度和各种湿度梯度条件下进行,若同时调整织物距测试表面间的距离,就可以改变被测试样所在处的水汽浓度大小,因此本仪器具有较大的适用性。对织物稳态传湿性能的测定一般仅需半小时左右。     

芳香含氯聚砜酰胺初生纤维微孔结构与性能的研究

本文借助于扫描电镜观察了芳香含氯聚砜酰胺纤维的微孔结构,并测定了纤维的吸湿率及强伸度。实验证明,芳香含氯聚砜酰胺初生纤维的微孔结构和性能,完全依赖于凝固浴组成和温度,喷丝头拉伸率及塑化拉伸倍数等成形条件,因而为纺制品质优良的芳香含氯聚砜酰胺纤维找到最佳的工艺条件。     

Development of a New-type Sweating Manikin System

IntroductionClothing s heat and moisture transport perfor mance isaffected not only by many physical factors ,such as fabricthickness , weight , and air per meability , but also byclothing construction factors like design/style , size ,accessory ,and how a gar ment is worn.In looking at theresearch conductedin clothing comfort ,various approacheshave been used for measuring ther mal insulation andmoisture evaporative resistance .Experi ments like sweating guarded hot plate testprocedures have …     

Remote spectrophotometry as applied to determination of the degree of mineralization of peat soils in polesie

Regression relations between the first main component, slope of the SBC curve towards the wavelength axis, and the degree of mineralization of peat soils are established from experimental data. Errors in determination of peat soil productivity are estimated using different spectral indices. For practical use it is recommended to measure the spectral brightness coefficients of peat soils in the 0.50–0.75 μm range. B. I. Stepanov Institute of Physics, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 70, F. Skorina Ave., Minsk, 220072, Belarus. Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 65, No. 1, pp. 102–106, January–February, 1998.     

酸性条件下合成介孔氧化硅的孔结构及其调湿性能

以十六烷基三甲基溴化铵作模板剂,采用酸性常温法制备介孔氧化硅材料SH,通过添加TMB扩孔剂对其进行改性得到SH TMB,分别测试其吸湿、放湿性能,并采用小角度XRD、TEM、B.E.T.等测试手段研究其孔结构、比表面积和孔径分布等,分析微观形貌与其调湿性能之间的关系。结果表明:酸性条件下合成的介孔氧化硅SH有着很好的吸湿放湿性能,并且添加TMB后其湿度调节能力增大。     

沥青混合料水稳定性评价方法研究

分析比较了4种评价沥青混合料水稳定性评价方法即浸水马歇尔试验、冻融劈裂试验、沥青路面分析仪浸水车辙试验和朱丽叶试验的优缺点和试验条件．从试件性能的稳定性、试验模拟的环境条件、评价指标的有效性而言，沥青路面分析仪浸水车辙试验最好，朱丽叶试验次之，冻融劈裂试验第三，而浸水马歇尔试验最差．但从试验方法的可操作性而言，沥青路面分析仪浸水车辙试验最差．通过不同评价指标的相关性分析，研究不同试验方法内在区别和联系，从而为实际工程运用提供一些参考．     

Daily variation of carbon flux in soils of Populus euphratica forests in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River

In order to lucubrate the daily variation of respiration in soils of Populus euphratica forests and analyze its relationship with environmental factors in the middle and lower reaches of the Tarim River, the LI-8100 instrument of soil CO2 flux system was used to measure the parameters of soil carbon flux and air temperature 10 cm above ground surface along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, and the relationships between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content were analyzed. The nonlinear regression analysis was carried out with the software SPSS13.0. We observed that: (1) soil respiration began to be restrained when the air temperature was up to 30℃10 cm above the ground surface; (2) the rates of soil respiration under the forests of Populus euphratica were significantly different at various moisture contents, the soil carbon flux was high along the Usyman profile, which has a high soil moisture content, and it was low along the profiles of Archy River, Yengisu and Karday, which has a low soil moisture content; (3) the exponential model can be used to explain the relationship between soil respiration and air temperature 10 cm above the ground surface. The average Q10 values along the profiles of Usyman, Archy River, Yengisu and Karday are 0. 61, 0.16, 0. 22 and 0. 35 respectively, much lower than the average of the world; (4) there is a positive correlation between the soil carbon flux and the soil moisture content.     

青山嘴水库一期基础工程强夯效果分析

以青山嘴水库一期基础工程为具体实例,研究了强夯处理在增加重型动力贯入10 cm最小击数、提高地基承载力、增加干密度以及降低含水率等方面的效果.通过对试验测定的相关数据分析表明:强夯能使重型动力触探贯入10 cm最小锤击数增加417.46%～600%,地基承载力提高119.44%～163.98%,土体干密度增加7.18%～8.23%,土体含水率下降4.93%～45.14%,说明强夯效果非常显著.     

静水压下胶粘涂层的吸湿应力研究

根据半无限体的轴对称模型，对静水压下的胶粘涂层因填充粒子与胶层基体间吸湿性能的差别而引起的吸湿应力进行了研究，以达到饱和吸湿浓度的抗水力磨蚀胶粘涂层为例，对吸湿应力作了数值计算，并进行了结果分析     

回潮率对织物红外反射性能的影响研究

介绍了含水织物受红外辐照时 ,其回潮率对其表面反射红外辐出度的影响 ,并探讨了不同红外辐射主波长与反射辐出度的关系