贫铬区宽度及深度对EPR法灵敏度的影响

利用不同铬含量的镍基合金组成偶对模拟晶粒与晶界,研究了在0.5mol/L H_2SO_4+0.01mol/L KSCN溶液和0.5mol/L H_2SO_4+0.01mol/L Na_2S_4O_6溶液中电化学动电位再活化敏感性(EPR—DOS)与贫铬区宽度和深度之间的关系,结果表明:(?)贫铬区宽度、深度的增加,EPR—DOS值增大。但用不同介质检验时,灵敏度不同:0.5mol/L H_2SO_4+0.01mol/L KSCN溶液对贫铬区宽度变化敏感;0.5mol/L H_2SO_4+0.01mol/L Na_2S_4O_6溶液则对贫铬区深度变化敏感。     

潮汐流动中污染混合区的计算

通过潮汐流动水槽中的排污试验，用数字图像处理技术和二维激光测速仪等现代量测手段观测了污水的排放特性，利用κ－ε双方程紊流模型建立了污水底部垂直排放的二维计算方法，流场与浓度场的计算结果与水槽试验观测值符合得相当好。利用所建立的模型计算了广州市污水排珠江的方案，得出了污染混合区的位置、形状和尺寸随时间变化的详细情况。     

裂纹顶端塑性区内方向应变能的裂纹扩展准则

在应用断裂力学和塑性力学对裂纹顶端的分析基础上,提出了裂纹顶端塑性区内方向应变能的概念,并建立了基于此概念上的裂纹扩展准则,引入裂纹顶端临界扩展本征区概念,消除了应变能积分中的奇异性.与其它裂纹扩展准则的比较结果表明,在此基础上建立的裂纹扩展准则是合理可行的.     

高分子材料疲劳研究进展

从疲劳失效过程、循环变形、疲劳裂纹扩展、损伤力学四个方面综述了高分子材料涉及粘弹性性质的最新的疲劳文献,在此基础上阐明了高分子材料疲劳研究亟待解决的问题。     

塔里木盆地火成岩对碳酸盐岩储层的改造作用

塔里木盆地形成与演化过程中出现过多期的岩浆侵入与喷发活动,形成了多种类型的火成岩体.岩浆活动形成的火成岩带来了地壳深部的热液流体,其中富含二氧化碳、硫化氢、硫、及少量一氧化碳、氢、HCl、NH3、NH4Cl、HF等的酸性流体对上部碳酸盐岩储层产生了多种多样的改造作用,包括大理岩化作用、萤石化作用、热液白云岩化作用、热液溶蚀作用等.多种改造作用的结果,使得原本致密的碳酸盐岩储层,形成了大量各种类型的孔洞,孔隙度大大增加,储集性能得到改善.勘探过程中,火成岩的出现可以预示附近地区良好储层的发育,为勘探油气起到了示踪作用.     

Observation of ultra-microtexture of fault rocks in shearing-sliding zones

Based on scanning electronic microscopic observation of three fault rocks in ductile-brittle shearing-sliding zones (including one palimpsest mylonite sampled from deep bore cores of Cajon Pass, California, two flowing-structured carbargillites sampled from Shaancan Well 1 located in north Shaanxi, and Well NH located in Huanghai, respectively), micron- and nanometer-scaled ultra-fine grinding grain texture of fault rocks is discovered in this study. And the geological significance of grinding grain texture is discussed in terms of its particulate organization, rheology of particulate slipping, laminar petrography and micro dynamics including dynamothermal metamorphism, fluid transferring, particulate autorotation, and so on. In addition, the remaining problems to be solved and broad prospects in this new study field are also discussed.     

南秦岭前寒武纪基底构造运动形式与矿床分布规律研究

以地球物理信息揭示的南秦岭古生代基底埋深和分布资料成果为基础,对前寒武纪基底的形态特征、运动方式及演化特点进行了分析,探讨了基底构造运动、盖层变形特征及成矿作用之间的关系.研究表明,北西西(300°)方向延伸的矿带具有建造型特点,形成了较单一的Pb-Zn矿带或Hg-Sb矿带;叠加其上的北北东向(30°)矿带具有改造型特点,主要形成Cu、Pb、Zn、Hg、Sb、Au等多金属矿床.结合基底断裂网络等间距性规律的研究,提出不同规模及类型的矿床间也应有相应的间距性规律.     

毛细管电泳紫外检测人体血清中的尼美舒利

建立了毛细管电泳与微超滤技术联用测定人体血清中痕量尼美舒利的新方法.考察了背景缓冲溶液类型[NaH2PO4-Na2B4O7(pH值为8.0)、NaHCO3-Na2CO3(pH值为10.0)、柠檬酸-Na2HPO4(pH值为4.5)、NaAc-HAc(pH值为5.0)、Tris-HCl(pH值为9.0)、NaH2PO4-Na2HPO4(pH值为7.0)、Na2B4O7-HCl(pH值为8.5)]、背景溶液pH值、背景缓冲溶液浓度、进样时间等对测定尼美舒利效果的影响.结果表明,在紫外检测波长214 nm,运行电压19kV条件下,以75mmol/L Na2B4O7-HCl(pH值为8.0)为背景溶液,使用未涂层的毛细管柱(47 cm×50μm i.d.,有效柱长40 cm),血浆样品用微超滤除蛋白后直接测定,线性范围为0.2~27.5μg/mL(r=0.999 7,n=11),检出限达0.05μg/mL.     

Microstructural and deformational studies on mylonite in the detachment faults of Yalashangbo dome, North Himalayan domes zone

The Yalashangbo dome, located at the eastern end of North Himalayan domes zone, has a geometry and structure similar to those of a metamorphic core complex. Ductile shear zones formed the detachment system around the dome and these zones are composed of garnet-bearing phyllonite, mylonitic schist, mylonitic gneiss and mylonitic granite. Ductile shear fabrics developed well in mylonitic rocks, and penetrative lineation and foliation were formed by stretched quartz and feldspar and preferred orientation of mica. Polar Mohr diagram method is used to calculate the kinematic vorticity numbers of the shear zones in the detachment system. Results indicate that the shear zone is a thinned shear zone (thinning of 23%) in an extensional setting which underwent a general shear dominated by simple shear. Comparison of the vorticity numbers between the northern and southern flanks of the Yalashangbo dome shows that the dome is an asymmetric system formed by a north-northwest-directed detaching unanimously. Statistical fractal analysis shows that the shapes of dynamically recrystallized quartz grains in the mylonites have characteristics of self-similarity, with fractal numbers ranging from 1.05 to 1.18. From these fractal numbers, the strain rate of the rock was deduced from 10^-9.2 S^-1 to 10^-7.3 S^-1, the differential paleao-stress was 13.7-25.6 MPa during the deformation happened at a temperature over 500 ℃. The ductile shear zones in the detachment system around Yalashangbo dome were formed under a high green-schist grade condition or happened simultaneously with the intrusion of granite.     

非零炮检距菲涅耳带研究

菲涅耳带是衡量地震横向分辨率的一个重要参数。对水平界面和倾斜界面两种情况下的非零炮检距菲涅耳带方程进行了理论推导,给出了相应的数值算例,指出了菲涅耳带在非零炮检距情况下表现为椭圆的性质,并对非零炮检距情况下地震绕射波能量的主要分布范围做了定量阐述。研究结果表明,炮检距是影响菲涅耳带椭圆大小和形状的主要因素,炮检距越大,椭圆面积越大,离心率也越大。界面倾角对椭圆大小和形状的影响相对微小可以忽略不计,但界面倾角却是影响椭圆中心位置偏离反射点程度的主要因素,倾角越大,椭圆中心在反射点下倾方向上偏离得越远。这一结论对于指导野外观测系统的设计和资料处理参数的选择都有积极的指导意义,同时也是对常规意义下菲涅耳带概念的扩充。