纳米粒子对矿物油/HFC体系制冷系统特性影响的研究

本文简要介绍了纳米粒子对矿物基冷冻机油/HFC体系相溶性与饱和性的作用机理及相关模型,实验研究了r型二氧化钛纳米粒子对矿物基冷冻机油与HFC类工质的相溶性、含油工质体系的饱和特性及采用矿物油/HFC体系的制冷系统特性的影响.     

青铜器复、仿制品的表面处理研究

本主要研究了青铜器在复、仿制过程中如何除氧化皮、抛光及除油等一系列问题，并在实际应用中减轻相当的劳动强度，提高了劳动效率。     

河北省矿产资源与跨世纪可持续发展战略

河北省拥有丰富的矿产资源。本文从对矿产资源评价出发，针对矿产资源开发利用及管理中存在的问题提出建议，旨在实现河北省社会经济发展与资源，环境相协调，走可持续发展之路。     

模糊逻辑模型在珠勒地区遥感找矿中的应用

近年来遥感技术在地质矿产勘察中发挥着重要作用，基于多源遥感数据对蚀变矿物的提取在工作中大大缩减了靶区范围和时间成本。本文基于Landsat-9、ASTER和Sentinel-2遥感数据开展西藏珠勒地区的矿物蚀变信息的增强与提取。通过线性隶属函数将多源遥感数据主成分分析(PCA)中的特征分量归一化后采用Fuzzy Gamma算子进行叠加绘制找矿靶区。实验中γ参数的设置分别是0.7、0.75、0.8、0.85和0.9，最终经过试验测定γ=0.85效果相对较好。实验共圈定了8个靶区，通过野外调查验证了该方法在高海拔地区靶区圈定的可行性。同时，野外调查结果显示该地区发育高硫型浅成低温热液蚀变矿物组合，具有斑岩-浅成低温热液矿床的成矿潜力。     

Conformation, activity and proteolytic stability of acid phosphatase on clay minerals and soil colloids from an Alfisol

The present study was carried out to investigate the conformation, enzymatic activity and proteolytic stability of acid phosphatase on montmorillonite, kaolinite and soil colloids from an Alfisol by means of circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, isothermal titration microcalorimetry (ITC) and biochemical assay, respectively. The results showed that the secondary structure of phosphatase was changed from disordered type to ordered form during adsorption/desorption cycle, organic substance and 2:1-clay mineral in Brown Soil benefited the formation of ordered structure. Enzymatic activity of phosphatase was inhibited while the proteolytic stability was promoted after the interaction with active particles from permanent charge soil. The decrease of enzymatic activity and the increase of proteolytic stability resulted by montmorillonite and organic colloid were both greater than that by kaolinite and inorganic colloid, which was in consistent with the extent of structural change induced by different colloid particles. Thus, one of the most significant factors responsible for the variation of enzymatic activity and proteolytic stability might be the hiding or even damage of active sites and the irrecognition of cleavage sites in enzyme molecules induced by the formation of ordered structure. The information obtained in this study is of crucial significance for the understanding of the behavior and fate of extracellular enzymes in soils with permanent charges.     

Catalytic decarboxylation of fatty acid by iron-containing minerals in immature oil source rocks at low temperature

The catalytic activities of seven immature source rocks in China on fatty acid decar-boxylation for generating hydrocarbons have been evaluated by determinating the CO2 content from decarboxylation reaction of stearic acid. It has been found that the catalytic activities of immature source rocks mainly depend on the structure type of the minerals. In general, the catalytic activities of carbonates are higher than those of clays at low temperature. The higher its iron content, the higher the catalytic activity of carbonate.     

Atmospheric heterogeneous reaction of acetone:Adsorption and desorption kinetics and mechanisms on SiO_2 particles

Acetone plays an important role in photooxidation processes in the atmosphere. Up to date, little is known regarding the heterogeneous fate of acetone. In this study, the adsorption and desorption processes of acetone on SiO2 particles, which are the major constituent of mineral dust in the atmos-phere, have been investigated for the first time under the simulated atmospheric conditions, using in situ transmission Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. It is found that acetone molecules are ad-sorbed on the surfaces of SiO2 particles by van der Waals forces and hydrogen bonding forces in a nonreactive and reversible state. The rates of initial adsorption and initial desorption, initial uptake coefficients and adsorption concentrations at equilibrium have been determined at different relative humidity. The presence of water vapor cannot result in the formation of new substances, but can de-crease the adsorption ability by consuming or overlapping the isolated OH groups on the surfaces of SiO2 particles. In the desorption process, a considerable amount of acetone molecules will remain on SiO2 particles in dry air, whereas acetone molecules are almost completely desorbed at a high relative humidity. In order to evaluate the role of heterogeneous reactions of acetone and other carbonyl compounds in the atmosphere, a new model fitting the atmospheric conditions is needed.     

河南省饮用天然矿泉水资源及开发利用与保护

河南省现有饮用天然矿泉水水源地152个,共5种类型,允许开采总量6431.33×104m3/a.矿泉水多属中性、淡水,达标元素较单一.目前矿泉水年产量10.29×104m3,开发中存在水源保护形式严峻、资源浪费严重、市场占有率低等问题.分析了矿泉水利用方向,划分了5个矿泉水开发保护区,指出优先开发碘、硒等稀有矿泉水,鼓励太行山区及嵩箕山东麓的开发,限制平原区开采.     

矿产资源与经济发展

矿产资源及其开发利用与经济发展关系密切 ,矿产品总量与国内秤总值存在着正相关的数量依存关系 ,无论是工业化经济时工 ,还是知识 (科业 )经济时工 ,矿产资源的可持续利用都是经济可持续发展的必要条件。结合四川省矿产资源状况 ,经济发展规划 ,在预测矿产品需求量的基础上 ,评价了四川矿产资源保证程度及可持续供给能力 ,提出可持续利用的对策建议