Microstructure characterization of PAN preoxidation fibers prepared with radio frequency plasma

Preoxidation plays a critical role in preparing carbon fibers. The microstructures formed in this process with surface morphology, internal construction shape, or- dered interval structure, lattice size, etc. determine the final structures and properties …     

Modelling issues for waveguide photonic crystals and photonic microstructures: A personal view

This paper is primarily an attempt to highlight areas of photonic crystal and microstructure research where there is a need for computer-based modelling. No attempt is made to assess the relative merits of different computational methods. Instead, attention is focussed mainly on engineering issues that, in the author's view, are likely to be important in predicting and analysing the properties of complex device structures built up from photonic crystal building blocks.     

REACTION MECHANISM OF BENZOPHENONE-PHOTOINITIATED CROSSLINKING OF POLYETHYLENE

The radical intermediates, the crosslink microstructures, and the reaction mechanism of benzophenone (BP)-photoinitiated crosslinking of low-density polyethylene (LDPE) and model compounds (MD) have been reviewed in detail.The spin-trapping electron spin resonance (ESR) spectra obtained from the LDPE/BP systems with spin-trap agents showthat two kinds of polymer radical intermediates are mainly formed: tertiary carbon and secondary carbon radicals. The spin-trapping ESR studies of MD/BP systems give further evidence that photocrosslinking reactions of PE predominantly takeplace at sites of tertiary carbon, secondary carbon, and especially allylic carbon when available. The high resolution ~(13)C-NMR spectra obtained from LDPE and MD systems show that the crosslink microstructures have H- and Y-type links andthat their concentrations are of the same order. The fluorescence, ESR ~(13)C and ~1H-NMR spectra from the PE and MDsystems demonstrate that the main photoreduction product of BP(PPB) is benzpinacol formed by the recombination of twodiphenylhydroxymethyl (K·) radical intermediates. Two new PPB products: an isomer of benzpinacol with quinoid structure,1-phenylhydroxymethylene-4-diphenylhydroxymethyl-2, 5-cyclohexadiene and three kinds of α-alkyl-benzhydrols have beendetected and identified. These results provide new experimental evidence for elucidating the reaction mechanism in the BP-photoinitiated crosslinking of polyethylene.     

含钪Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金组织性能的研究

采用金相显微镜、扫描电子显微镜和透射电子显微镜研究了微量钪对Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr系合金组织的影响，测试了不同热处理状态下台金的力学性能和电导率。结果表明，添加微量Sc可以明显细化合金的铸态晶粒，显著提高Al-Zn-Mg-Cu-Zr合金的力学性能和电导率，其作用机制主要为AJ3（Sc，Zr）引起的细晶强化、亚结构强化和沉淀强化；Al-9．0Zn-2．5Mg-1．2Cu-0．15Zr-0．12Sc和Al-9．5Zn-2．5Mg-1．2Cu-0．15Zr-0．12Sc经强化固溶和T6处理后，抗拉强度分别达到829．4和818．6MPa。     

热处理工艺及环境介质对2Cr13钢腐蚀疲劳性能的影响

本文研究了2Cr13钢在正常调质处理与双重处理(见表2)后,在不同介质条件(大气,水溶液,22%Nacl 水溶液)、不同温度(40℃,80℃)、以及不同应力集中系数(K_1=1.74,K_1=3)下对腐蚀疲劳特性的影响。研究表明,在大气中双重处理比普通调质工艺下的腐蚀疲劳强度(N=10~7)提高7%,在80℃,3%Nacl水溶液中,在与正常调质腐蚀疲劳极限(N=10~7)相同的应力水平下,双重处理后的疲劳寿命可提高两倍以上。用扫描电镜观察了疲劳断口,正常调质后2Cr13钢在80℃,Nacl 水溶液中疲劳源多数由点蚀引起,而双重处理后裂纹源却不一定萌生于蚀坑,它属于点蚀与腐蚀疲劳相叠加的不稳定钝化态腐蚀疲劳。双重处理后具有较高的点蚀抗力和良好的韧性是腐蚀疲劳强度提高的主要原因。     

Preparation of porous microstructures on NiTi alloy surface with femtosecond laser pulses

Porous microstructures on Nickel-Titanium （NiTi） alloy surfaces were prepared by linearly polarized femtosecond lasers with moving focal point at a certain speed. It was found that various novel micro- structures from feather-like ripples to cluster-like porous textures could be formed with increasing laser energy. Particularly, when the laser energy was 400 llJ, a periodic porous metal surface was gen- erated. Measurement of X-ray diffraction showed that the grains on the sample surface were refined through femtosecond laser ablation processes, but the crystal structures still kept their original states. Analysis by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy revealed that Ni/l＂i on the sample surface was changed with an evident oxidization of titanium element under different laser energies. This investigation pro- vides a new approach to improve the biocompatibility of NiTi-based implant devices.     

Magnetic field‐induced alignment of polybenzimidazole microstructures to enhance proton conduction

Aligned polymer microstructures in the field of biomaterials, semiconductors, and ion‐conductive membranes expand steadily. Here, an alternative aligned polybenzimidazole (WM PBI) microstructures fabrication strategy based on the utilization of a weak magnetic field (0.3 T) via the solvent casting method is demonstrated. The anisotropic alignment is induced by the interaction of the π‐electron‐rich structure with the magnetic field. A ripple‐like structure was observed in the field‐emission scanning electron microscopy image for the WM PBI membrane, which depicted the successful alignment of the PBI structure toward magnetic field direction. Electrochemical studies revealed the bulk resistance of WM PBI with only 13.71 × 10³ Ω compared to the unaligned PBI (WOM PBI) (63.01 × 10³ Ω). WM PBI marked as the highest proton conductivity of 610.66 × 10^?6 S cm^?1, and it was proven that the external magnetic field does bring the impact toward the augmentation of the proton conductivity, which is useful in various future generation applications.     

大变形轧制超细晶TWIP钢的组织及性能研究

通过大变形异步-同步轧制及随后600 ℃和700 ℃退火处理,成功制备了超细晶高锰TWIP钢,并研究了退火处理对大变形TWIP钢的组织和性能的影响.研究结果表明:经96%异步-同步大变形轧制后,材料组织显著细化,抗拉强度从621 MPa大幅提升至2 050 MPa; 经过600 ℃退火后,大变形轧制TWIP钢的组织基本完成了再结晶,材料的平均晶粒尺寸约为500 nm,抗拉强度1 079 MPa,延伸率达到了29%; 而经过700 ℃退火后,大变形TWIP钢的组织发生了完全再结晶,平均晶粒尺寸约为600 nm,抗拉强度达到了1 101 MPa,延伸率达到了54%.退火后的组织中存在大量的层错、位错胞等亚结构.相对于大变形轧制态和600 ℃退火态,700 ℃退火态的超细晶TWIP钢的优异的综合力学性能,主要源于孪晶诱发塑性变形机制及合金较低的层错能.     

Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2复合纳米结构的尺寸与磁性调控

采用共沉淀法和溶剂热法制备了不同尺寸的Fe3O4纳米粒子,通过Stöber法和溶胶-凝胶法在Fe3O4磁核上包覆SiO2和TiO2壳层获得不同尺寸的Fe3O4@SiO2@TiO2复合纳米结构．采用X射线衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜(SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和振动样品磁强计(VSM)等对其结构、形貌和磁性进行了研究．结果表明,大尺寸复合纳米粒子包覆均匀,分散性好,饱和磁化强度较大,有利于TiO2光催化剂的磁回收与再利用．     

SP700钛合金板轧制过程的组织演变和力学性能研究

研究了22 mm厚SP700钛合金板轧制过程中的组织演变和力学性能。结果表明：SP700钛合金板的显微组织由不连续的晶界α相和晶内针状组织组成;经过热轧和冷轧后,显微组织不均匀,由等轴组织和变形组织组成,等轴组织由等轴α相和等轴β相组成,变形组织由条状α相和变形β相组成;冷轧并退火后,显微组织十分均匀,由等轴组织组成。室温拉伸试验结果表明：SP700钛合金板冷轧后,抗拉强度达1 100 MPa以上,纵横向强度差为64 MPa,伸长率为5.0%～6.5%,塑性差为0.17%。退火后,强度降低,塑性显著提高;纵横向强度差为69 MPa,塑性差为6.84%。