Research on air tightness of image intensifier tube during laser sealing北大核心CSCD

采用高功率YAG激光焊接机对高性能三代像管管壳后端(4J34可伐合金)与荧光屏屏环(4J49可伐合金)进行封接试验。研究了激光功率、脉冲宽度对焊接接头成型及表面热扩散的影响规律。研究表明:4J34合金与4J49合金表面成型质量在设备最大工作电流100 A,激光功率195 W及脉宽1.7 ms时最好,相对于激光功率,脉冲宽度对焊缝熔宽和熔深的影响更加显著,接头焊接中心区硬化最为严重,其硬度最大,热影响区次之。     

The influence of nickel dopant on the microstructure and optical properties of SnO2 nano-powders

The microstructure and optical properties of Ni-doped SnO2 nano-powders are studied in detail. By Ni-doping, not only the grain size reduces, but also the grain shape changes from nano-rods to spherical particles. The crystallization becomes better with annealing temperature increasing. The band gap energy decreases as nickel doping level increases. The sp-d hybridization and alloying effect due to amorphous SnO2-x phase should be responsible for the band gap narrowing effect. Nickel dopant does not change the photoluminescence （PL） peak positions.     

一种新型声学超材料平板对机械波吸收性能的模拟与实验研究

基于质量-弹簧微结构通过光学振动模式对机械波进行选择性吸收的原理, 本文设计了一个由集中质量与弹性薄膜构成的二维声学超材料等效平板结构. 利用有限元法对等效平板代表性胞元的振动特性模拟结果表明, 二维超材料平板结构表现出与质量-弹簧微结构相同的振动模式. 基于模拟结果, 制作加工了一个正方形超材料平板, 并通过Polytec扫描式激光测振仪(PSV)对其振动特性进行了试验测试, 结果表明, 本文设计制作的超材料平板可以对频率157.5 Hz的机械波进行选择吸收.     

Pulsed ion beam-assisted carburizing of titanium in methane discharge

The carburizing of titanium (Ti) is accomplished by utilizing energetic ion pulses of a 1.5 kJ Mather type dense plasma focus (DPF) device operated in methane discharge. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis confirms the deposition of polycrystalline titanium carbide (TiC). The samples carburized at lower axial and angular positions show an improved texture for a typical (200)TiC plane. The Williamson--Hall method is employed to estimate average crystallite size and microstrains in the carburized Ti surface. Crystallite size is found to vary from ～ 50 to 100~nm, depending on the deposition parameters. Microstrains vary with the sample position and hence ion flux, and are converted from tensile to compressive by increasing the flux. The carburizing of Ti is confirmed by two major doublets extending from 300 to 390~cm^-1 and from 560 to 620~cm^-1 corresponding to acoustic and optical active modes in Raman spectra, respectively. Analyses by scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (SEM/EDS) have provided qualitative and quantitative profiles of the carburized surface. The Vickers microhardness of Ti is significantly improved after carburizing.     

液态Sn的粘度及其熔体微观结构的变化

通过对液态Sn的粘度的系统测量和分析,借助DTA-TG综合热分析方法,研究了金属熔体Sn的粘度随温度变化的规律和熔体微观结构的变化.结果表明,Sn熔体的粘度随温度的变化呈明显的不连续性,根据粘度的变化可以将熔体状态分为高温区、中温区和低温区,各温区间存在粘度突变温度点.在突变温度点处,金属熔体Sn可能发生了微观结构的变化.?     

碳纳米管的化学镀铁钴和电磁参数研究

基于化学镀方法将CoB和FeB二元合金包覆在多壁碳纳米管模板上,制备了一种新的一维纳米复合材料.将JEM-2010透射电子显微镜显示多壁碳管的外径从13 nm增加到35 nm,能量色散X分析仪也表明碳管的表面镀覆了铁磁性纳米金属颗粒.用Angilent8722ES矢量网络分析仪在2～18 GHz测试了复合材料的动态电磁参数,在2 GHz时,铁包覆碳纳米管复合材料的复介电常数的实部ε′和虚部系数ε″分别为23.90和14.31,在2 GHz时复磁导率的实部μ′和虚部μ″分别为2.64和1.63,而钴包覆碳纳米管复合材料的ε′,ε″,μ′和μ″分别为12.00,2.04,1.28 和0.39.在低频处复合材料的磁导率和磁损耗相对于纯碳管有明显的增加.这种电磁特性可以应用于微波吸收材料.     

考虑接触界面材料微观结构与势能参数的滑动摩擦计算研究

根据独立振子模型的能量耗散机理,提出了在无磨损界面摩擦中,利用通用界面粘附能量函数计算滑动时接触界面势能的变化从而计算摩擦力和摩擦系数的方法,建立摩擦力和摩擦系数与金属材料表面能与微观结构参数的关系,并利用已有的实验数据进行计算.结果表明,摩擦力与金属材料的表面能基本呈线性关系,与比例参数呈线性负相关关系,与晶格常数基本无关.计算结果与粘附理论公式以及超高真空原子力显微镜试验结果吻合较好.     

Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Novel High-Strength,Low-Activation Wx(TaVZr)100−x (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25) Refractory High Entropy Alloys

In this work, novel high-strength, low-activation W_x(TaVZr)_100−x (x = 5, 10, 15, 20, 25) refractory high entropy alloys (RHEAs) were prepared by vacuum arc melting. Their microstructure, compressive mechanical properties, hardness, and fracture morphology were investigated and analyzed. The results show that the RHEAs possess a disordered BCC phase, ordered Laves phase, and Zr-rich HCP phase. Their dendrite structures were observed, and the distribution of dendrites became gradually more dense with an increase in W content. The RHEAs demonstrate high strength and hardness, with these properties being higher than in most reported tungsten-containing RHEAs. For example, the typical W₂₀(TaVZr)₈₀ RHEA has a yield strength of 1985 MPa and a hardness of 636 HV, respectively. The improvement in terms of strength and hardness are mainly due to solid solution strengthening and the increase in dendritic regions. During compression, with the increase in the applied load, the fracture behavior of RHEAs changed from initial intergranular fractures to a mixed mode combining both intergranular and transgranular fractures.     

纳米多晶强化K4169合金的组织和力学性能

采用手工电弧炉熔炼、水冷铜模冷却制备了K4169合金.利用X射线衍射、扫描电镜、透射电镜等对铸态及标准热处理态合金的组织进行了研究,并对标准热处理态合金的力学性能进行了测试.结果表明:铸态K4169合金为非晶-纳米晶材料,晶内析出相非常细小,小于10 nm;合金经标准热处理后,γ″相和γ′相以纳米多晶的形式析出;由于纳...     

三维复合材料微结构的力学响应分析

复合材料的力学响应数值计算对于多元多向异质体材料微结构的"性能导向型"设计、材料微结构失效的评估与预测具有重要的意义.利用自主开发的材料微观组织结构仿真软件ProDesign构造出三维复合材料微结构的代表性体积单元,通过C语言、Python脚本混合编程的方式,实现对商业有限元软件ABAQUS前处理的二次开发,使之用于复合材料微结构几何模型的建立、材料属性与晶粒取向的赋值、边界条件的定义以及有限元网格的划分,从而有效地实现三维复合材料微结构的细观应力响应计算.