基于激光共聚焦显微镜模拟微合金钢连铸过程中第二相的析出行为

通过高温激光共聚焦显微镜模拟了微合金钢在不同冷却工艺下的凝固过程,并原位观察该过程样品表面的变化,探讨样品表面变化与第二相析出的关联性。研究结果表明：随着微合金钢钢液的凝固冷却,样品表面会出现细小浮凸;该浮凸出现的温度及分布位置与第二相的析出理论计算及透射电镜表征结果一致;通过原位观察该浮凸的产生,可间接表征第二相的析出,有利于分析第二相对基体组织演变的影响。     

冷却速率和奥氏体化温度对40 Cr钢球化退火的影响

为探究奥氏体化温度和冷却速率对40Cr钢球化过程的影响,采用双相区球化退火研究了热轧态40Cr钢的球化退火行为和力学性能。奥氏体化温度从760℃提高到800℃,冷却速率从10℃·h-1上升到30℃·h-1,组织硬度随冷却速度呈V形变化,碳化物球化率随冷却速度变化正好与前者相反。奥氏体化温度为760℃,冷却速率为20℃·h-1所得到的球化组织球化率高,且碳化物细小,具有良好的冷成形性能,可大幅度缩短球化退火时间,显著提高生产效率。提出了球化退火过程中离异共析转变机制,控制好球化过程中奥氏体化温度、冷却速率及保温时间有利于离异共析转变的发生。     

硫含量对中碳非调质钢中硫化物及组织的影响

利用真空感应炉冶炼了不同硫含量的中碳非调质钢,研究了S含量对非调质钢中硫化物形态分布及显微组织的影响.结果表明：在0.025%~0.065%范围内,随S质量分数的增加,非调质钢中硫化物的数量增多,偏聚分布现象加重;晶内铁素体比例随之升高,组织得到细化.通过热力学计算及相图信息研究了硫化物的类型转变. S含量增加时第Ⅲ类MnS在凝固末期以离异共晶形式较早析出,剩余液相中的S在凝固结束时以共晶形式析出为第Ⅱ类MnS.单独MnS以及MnS- V( C, N)复合硫化物均可作为晶内铁素体的有效形核核心,促进铁素体的生成.     

Relaxation mechanism of rotational type in fracture of weld joints for austenic steels

Studied is the mesoscale behavior of plastic deformation and fracture of weld joints for austenic steels. Large-scale rotational modes of deformation in heat affected zones are identified with the first stage of formation of band structures; it is related to the “traveling neck” phenomenon in the base metal. The second stage is connected with crack generation and the state of affairs in the heart-affected zone.     

60CrMnMo钢中稀土夹杂物生成的热力学分析

叙述了钢中稀土夹杂物生成的热力学分析方法．以６０ＣｒＭｎＭｏ用为例讨论了稀土夹杂物的热力学规律．并与实验结果作了比较．     

一起大型浓缩制碱锅炉早期泄漏事故分析

运用金相和扫描电镜，对运行仅三个月，材质为０Ｃｒｌ８Ｎｉ９不锈钢的浓缩制碱锅炉焊接热影响区出现的早期泄漏进行了分析，结果发现，在严重的晶间腐蚀基础上由于应力的作用，产生了严重的晶间型应力腐蚀开裂，导致了锅炉的早期泄漏。     

Investigations of nitrogen diffusion in austenitic CrNi steels

Parameters of the diffusion of N (up to 0.3 wt.%) in austenitic stainless steels (12 to 19 wt.% Cr, 12 to 16 wt.% Ni, up to 2 wt.% Mo) were determined within the temperature range of 1283–1573K. The small concentration gradients of N were successfully investigated using (1) mechanical serial sectioning technique in combination with either chemical N analysis or X-ray precision lattice parameter determination, and (2) measurements on microsections by means of either electron probe microanalysis or Kossel technique.The diffusion coefficients of N were found to be independent of its concentration. The alloying elements Cr and Mo reduce the N diffusivity in austenitic stainless steels which on the other hand is increased by Ni.     

氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定低合金钢中微量砷

采用氢化物发生-原子荧光光谱法测定低合金钢中砷的含量。样品经盐酸-硝酸混合酸消解,以盐酸(5+95)溶液为反应介质,15g·L~(-1)硼氢化钾-2g·L~(-1)氢氧化钾的混合溶液为还原剂,采用柠檬酸作为掩蔽剂。砷的质量浓度在60.0μg·L~(-1)以内与荧光强度呈线性关系,方法的检出限(3s/k)为0.023μg·L~(-1)。应用此法对标准钢样进行了分析,测定结果与认定值相符合,可满足钢铁中微量砷(质量分数0.001%～0.04%)的测定要求。     

The Effects of Various Heat Treating Parameters on the Hardness and Microstructures of the Experimental 18% Nickel Maraging Steels

The effect of the parameters of heat treatment on the experimental 18% maraging steels was studied using hardness tester, optical, scanning electron and transmission electron microscopy and X-ray metallography techniques. The specimens were solution treated at 815, 900, 1000, 1060°C for periods between 1 and 4 h. After air-cooling to room temperature, a bcc martensitic structure was obtained. The higher temperature (1060°C) and longer time (4 h) of the solution treatment caused essentially homogeneous, massive martensitic structure. The aging of the steels was studied between 240 and 480°C from 1 to 41 h. As indicated by the results, the hardness vs. aging time curves show a rapid rate of hardening at 480°C while the response at 240 to 320°C is slower. The time required to reach peak hardness increases with decreasing temperature. The increase in hardness during aging can be explained by the precipitation of hardening phases. So, it is necessary to use a high temperature solution treatment to obtain a better alloy distribution and a tough martensitic structure, and an aging treatment at 480 °C between 4 and 10 h to achieve the desired properties. This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date.     

42CrMo钢混合组织与单一回火索氏体组织接触疲劳性能的研究

研究了42CrMo 钢得到混合组织(M+B+P_细+F)的热处理工艺及在相同硬度条件下混合组织与单一回火索氏体组织的接触疲劳性能。结果表明,混合组织的接触疲劳寿命(N_o、N_f)高于单一回火索氏体组织。