Phenotyping Metastatic Brain Tumors Applying Spectrochemical Analyses: Segregation of Different Cancer Types

Metastatic brain tumors represent a significant proportion of tumors identified intraoperatively. A rapid diagnostic method, circumventing the need for histopathology studies, could prove clinically useful. As many spectroscopic studies have shown ability to differentitate between different tumor types, this technique was evaluated for use within metastatic brain tumors. Spectrochemical approaches [Raman and attenuated total reflection Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR) spectroscopy] were applied to determine how readily they may identify the primary site for the metastatic tumor. Metastases were from primary adenocarcinomas of lung (n?=?7) and colorectum (n?=?7), and for comparison, metastatic melanoma (n?=?7). The objective was to determine if Raman or ATR-FTIR spectroscopy could delineate the origin of the primary tumor. The results demonstrate that there are marked similarities between the two adenocarcinoma groups and whilst Raman and ATR-FTIR can distinguish the three groups with limited success, classification accuracy is greatly improved when combining the adenocarcinoma groups. The use of such techniques in the clinical setting is more likely to be found intraoperatively, determining the presence of a tumor and suggesting the tumor class; however, traditional histopathology would still be needed to identify the primary origin of the tumor.     

水压致裂过程的弹塑性细胞自动机模拟

利用自行研发的弹塑性细胞自动机模型和模拟系统，建立了非均质岩石水压致裂过程的细胞自动机模拟方法.该方法能够反映流体在水力梯度作用下进入新生微裂隙、形成新的流体渗流边界而对该边界产生张拉效应，并引起微裂隙的进一步扩展、贯通，最终形成宏观裂纹的过程，可以方便地进行水压致裂过程中边界条件和水力参数的动态更新.同时，研究了不同均质度和井筒内径对水压致裂行为的影响.结果表明，随着井筒内径增加，极限水压力降低，而破裂模式基本相似，模拟结果与典型实验现象吻合较好.     

毛细管电泳技术在单克隆抗体药物分析中的应用

单克隆抗体药物在生物制药行业占有重要地位,是生物医药领域发展的主要方向。因此,单克隆抗体药物的质量控制已成为全球生物制药企业及法规机构关注的热点,对单克隆抗体药物精确表征的需求日益增加。毛细管电泳技术具有分离效率高、分析速度快、分离模式多、样品用量少等特点,已成为单克隆抗体药物分析和质量控制的重要手段。该文对毛细管凝胶电泳、毛细管等电聚焦、毛细管区带电泳等模式在单克隆抗体药物的纯度分析、等电点测定、电荷异质性分析和N-寡糖分析的应用进行综述,以期为国内单克隆抗体研究开发和生产的企事业单位提供技术参考。     

法21断块储层非均质性研究

储层非均质性变化是影响地下油、气、水运动及油气采收率的主要因素。本文以法21断块的岩石物性分析资料为基础，分析了该断块的层内、层问及平面的非均质性变化特点，从而为该断块制定开发调整方案奠定了基础。本文的分析方法也可推广到对同类型非均质性油藏的研究。     

保持油藏非均质性粗化方法

油田三维地质模型网格数据量庞大,无法直接用于数值模拟,需粗化处理,减少网格数量。以具体区块为例,用重整化方法对储层参数,特别是渗透率进行粗化,对夹层及非均质性较强部位运用网格回填技术,所建粗化模型经多方面评价,达到既降低网格数量又保持油藏非均质性的技术要求。     

胜坨油田二区高含水期三角洲储层非均质特征

胜坨油田二区沙二段7,8砂组三角洲砂岩油藏高含水期（综合含水率大于90％）的储层层内、层间非均质性有所减弱,但是其平面非均质性增强,且不同微相不同部位的储层非均质性有较大差异。但是,大都具较小的非均质综合指数,呈现出较强的非均质性。按照非均质性的强弱,这些微相依次为分流间湾、天然堤、远砂坝、水下分流河道和河口砂坝。其中在河口砂坝内,侧缘储层的非均质性最强,坝主体次之,坝顶部则呈中等非均质性。较强的储层非均质性对注水开发影响较大,因而造成剩余油分布的较大差异。     

胜坨油田二区高含水期三角洲储层非均质特征

胜坨油田二区沙二段 7,8砂组三角洲砂岩油藏高含水期 (综合含水率大于 90 % )的储层层内、层间非均质性有所减弱 ,但是其平面非均质性增强 ,且不同微相不同部位的储层非均质性有较大差异。但是 ,大都具较小的非均质综合指数 ,呈现出较强的非均质性。按照非均质性的强弱 ,这些微相依次为分流间湾、天然堤、远砂坝、水下分流河道和河口砂坝。其中在河口砂坝内 ,侧缘储层的非均质性最强 ,坝主体次之 ,坝顶部则呈中等非均质性。较强的储层非均质性对注水开发影响较大 ,因而造成剩余油分布的较大差异     

塔巴庙上古生界碎屑岩储层非均质性及控制因素

储层非均质性是沉积、成岩和构造因素共同作用的结果.通过对鄂尔多斯盆地塔巴庙上古生界碎屑岩储层层内非均质性及微观非均质性的研究,认为储层的层内非均质性主要受控于沉积作用,沉积构造和沉积韵律决定了储层层内非均质性,而储层的微观非均质性主要受控于成岩作用,压实作用和溶蚀作用的不均衡性是影响储层微观非均质性的主要因素.通过对储层非均质性及控制因素的分析,为研究储层内天然气的分布规律提供了地质基础,并有利于指导后期的天然气勘探和开发工作.     

Spatial variability on vegetation parameters in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region

Study on pattern and change on land cover stands an important aspect to global change. The spatial characteristics of ecological system show some familiar or disfamiliar principle with up-scaling or down-scaling process, which can be defined as spatial autocorrelation. In this paper, four typical parameters of ecological features, say Gross Primary Product （GPP）, Net Primary Product （NPP）, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI）, and Enhanced Vegetation Index （EVI）, are selected to investigate the spatial variability on vegetative features in Longitudinal Range-Gorge Region （LRGR）, Southwest China. Moran coefficient （MC） is calculated for spatial autocorrelation degree, and semivariance function is used for spatial variability and spatial heterogeneity analysis. The results show that： （1） the ecological features show negative autocorrelation in the whole region. The higher anisotropy is on northsouth direction, and then on southeast-northwest direction. （2） The spatial variability scale is great on vegetative features in the whole region. （3） The autocorrelation distance on north-south direction is the greatest, then on southwest-northeast direction. Through the above analysis it can be found that the vegetative features are consistent with direction of landform in LRGR, which is shown on higher autocorrelation on south-north direction, and lower on west-east direction.