A Silver Monochrome “Concetto spaziale” by Lucio Fontana: A Spectroscopic Non- and Micro-Invasive Investigation of Materials

In several of his artworks, for instance the Venezie cycle, Fontana employed metallic paints; previous investigations on such materials highlighted the use of different synthetic binders and of thick paint layers below the metal one, having different colours to change the visual perception of the metallic surface. In the present work, a monochrome silver “Concetto spaziale” by the Italo–Argentine artist belonging to a private collection recently gifted to the museum of the Church of San Fedele in Milano, Italy, was investigated to deepen the knowledge of this particular group of Fontana’s paintings. The artwork was initially visually inspected in visible and ultraviolet (UV) light. Subsequently, a non-invasive spectroscopic investigation was performed by X-ray fluorescence (XRF), reflection Fourier-transform infrared (FTIR) and Raman spectroscopy. A minute fragment of silver-coloured paint was taken from the reverse of the painting, near the cut edge, and examined by scanning electron microscopy coupled with energy dispersive X-ray analysis (SEM-EDX) and micro-Fourier-transform Raman (FT-Raman) spectroscopy. The analytical data made it possible to identify the composition of the metallic paint layer and of the underlying dark one, both from the point of view of the pigments and of the binders used, also highlighting the potential of the non-invasive and micro-invasive methods adopted in the investigation.     

Effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability and soft-magnetic properties of FeNiBPNb metallic glasses

The effect of Ni addition on the glass-forming ability (GFA) and soft-magnetic properties of an (Fe1-xNix)75.5B14.5P7Nb3 (x=0-0.6) alloy system were investigated. We found that the addition of Ni was effective in allowing the alloy to approach a eutectic point as well as increasing the thermal stability of the supercooled liquid. By increasing the amount of Ni,the supercooled liquid region (ΔTx),the reduced glass transition temperature Trg (Tg/Tl) and the Y parameter [Tx/(Tg+Tl)] increased from 49 to 75 K,0...     

Magnetocaloric effect in Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses

A series of Er-Al-Co bulk metallic glasses (BMGs) have been prepared by the copper mold casting method. The glass forming ability and magnetocaloric effect (MCE) for these alloys have been investigated. The second-order magnetic transition from para-magnetic to ferromagnetic states takes place at about 9 K. These BMGs exhibit excellent MCE because of their large effective magneton number; Er56Al24Co20 BMG has a maximum entropy change and refrigeration capacity of 16.06 J kg-1 K-1 and 546 J kg-1,respectively...     

再生粗骨料取代率对再生保温混凝土抗压强度离散性影响研究

本文对再生保温混凝土（以下简称为RATIC)的抗压强度和抗压强度离散性的规律进行了介绍分析。通过改变RATIC中再生粗骨料的取代率,对比分析不同再生粗骨料取代率对RATIC的抗压强度和离散性的影响,并且探索出其相应的规律。以再生粗骨料不同取代率为基础的研究试验发现：当再生粗骨料取代率为30 %时,RATIC抗压强度相对于取代率为0 %的保温混凝土的抗压强度值没有发生显著变化;当再生粗骨料取代率在30 %以上时,随着再生粗骨料取代率的增加,RATIC抗压强度值出现明显下降的现象;当再生粗骨料取代率达到70%时,相对应的RATIC抗压强度出现最低值;与此同时,RATIC在不同再生粗骨料取代率对应下的抗压强度标准差值的波动幅度也较为明显,当再生粗骨料取代率在0 %~100 %时,RATIC的抗压强度标准差在0.97~1.71 MPa之间变化,并且当再生粗骨料取代率为50 %时,RATIC抗压强度标准差达到最大值1.71 MPa。     

Size-dependent ignition temperature of metallic compounds fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis

Considering the diffusion reaction at solid interfaces, the ignition temperature of compounds fabricated by self-propagating high-temperature synthesis (SHS) is modelled with the help of size-dependent activation energy. As reactant size decreases, ignition temperature also decreases. This is because of increased contact areas between the reactants and the lowered diffusion barrier, both of which must be calculated specifically for reactants in nanoscale. The model predictions and experimental results are consistent for some metallic compounds.     

面向大规模定制的再制造集约生产计划模型

针对大规模定制(MC)的废旧产品回收再制造的生产方式,考虑再制造系统的复杂性以及各种不确定因素,构造了闭环供应链下面向MC的再制造集约生产计划(RAPP)模型.根据模糊集理论,采用模糊线性规划的方法,将不确定模型转化为清晰的确定型大规模整数线性规划(MILP)模型,试图找出最大利润下,企业在各计划期内的最优零部件外购批量、自制零部件批量以及生产批量.通过一算例来验证该模型的有效性,并分析了相关因子变动对总利润的影响,便于企业经营管理决策者在最优利润下选择相应的RAPP.     

煤岩体突水通道骨料灌注运移堆积机制试验

为揭示突水通道中骨料运移堆积的演化规律,开展了动水条件下骨料灌注试验,得到了骨料的初始沉积位置、堆积体形成方向以及堆积体极限堆积高度与水流速、骨料灌注速度等影响因素的内在关联。结果表明：在1.0 m/s高流速动水环境中,骨料堆积体形成方向为先逆水流方向生长至投料孔底后转为顺水流方向生长;在0.3 m/s低流速条件下,采用口径36 mm漏斗投料同口径18 mm相比,骨料灌注总量相同时,其堆积体的极限高度提升了41%。基于数值力学模型——计算流体动力学-离散元方法(computational fluid dynamics and distinct element method, CFD-DEM),研究了骨料灌注期间突水通道内流场的时空分布特征以及骨料堆积体的过水阻力作用对突水通道内静水压力的影响机制。     

锆合金腐蚀与防护研究进展

锆合金以其优异的核性能和生物相容性被广泛应用于民用发电反应堆、核动力航空母舰、核潜艇、空间飞行器的结构材料以及医用材料,在苛刻环境下服役的锆合金同样面临腐蚀失效的风险。由于材料本身服役环境的特殊性,使得锆合金腐蚀研究的模拟测试难度加大,诸多疑问难以得到有效解答。锆合金的腐蚀形式包括均匀腐蚀、疖状腐蚀、应力腐蚀以及微生物腐蚀,其腐蚀也受材料成分、热处理工艺、表面粗糙度、氧化膜成分、溶液的pH值、辐照、热流水化学环境以及温度等因素的影响,防护措施包括涂层和缓蚀剂等方式。为进一步改善锆合金的耐蚀性能,未来可从以下几方面展开研究：1)锆合金基体中固溶元素的浓度;2)第二相元素类型、晶粒尺寸及分布;3)氧化膜的生长机制;4)细菌附着方式和生物被膜生长行为等。     

骨料粒径与ASR膨胀关系及计算研究进展

综述了骨料粒径与碱硅酸反应(ASR)膨胀关系的研究现状,对现有研究的局限性和存在的问题进行了分析,阐述了进一步开展骨料粒径与ASR膨胀关系研究的必要性.重点介绍了ASR膨胀理论的研究方法,分别从材料层次和结构层次介绍了不同计算模型的思路、基本原理、基本假设和关键参数,指出了各自的优缺点和适用范围.最后通过对比分析,认为无论是材料层次还是结构层次的模型,在模拟ASR膨胀时均存在着一定的缺陷,并指出为了建立更为合理、适用性更强的ASR膨胀模型,应当同等重视微观的化学反应本身及宏观的物理膨胀过程.     

再生粗骨料对再生混凝土自生收缩的影响

在测试两种再生粗骨料特性及其再生混凝土基本性能的基础上,系统研究了不同再生粗骨料取代率、不同附着砂浆率的再生粗骨料对再生混凝土自生收缩的影响.结果表明:再生混凝土自生收缩的发展趋势和普通混凝土相似;随着再生粗骨料取代率增加,混凝土自生收缩增大;附着砂浆率大的再生粗骨料对混凝土自生收缩的影响更大;再生粗骨料对混凝土自生收缩的不利影响比对强度的不利影响更大.