用具有零权的平差方法求解秩亏自由网的研究

以秩亏自由网平差的法方程系数阵的特征根作为虚拟权 ,构造两组虚拟误差方程 ,其中一组具有零权 ,从而用具有零权的平差思想 ,导出求解秩亏自由网待估参数平差值及其协因数的公式 ,并指出 ,此结果与用主成分估计法求解秩亏自由网的结果完全一致。     

Biodegradation of dissolved organic carbon in soil extracts and leachates from a temperate forest stand and its relationship to ultraviolet absorbance

The amount and biodegradability of dissolved organic carbon (DOC) in forest floors can contribute to carbon sequestration in soils and the release of CO 2-C from soil to the atmosphere.There is only limited knowledge about the biodegradation of DOC in soil extracts and leachates due to the limitations inherent in degradation experiments.Differences in the biodegradation of DOC were studied in forest soil extracts using cold and hot water and 4 mmol/L CaCl 2 solution and in soil leachates sampled under different conditions over a wide range of DOC concentrations.From these results,we developed a simple and rapid method for determining the biodegradable organic C in forest floors.The hot water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts after CH 3 Cl fumigation contained higher concentrations of biodegradable organic C than the cold water extracts and CaCl 2 extracts before fumigation,with rapid DOC degradation occurring 24-48 h after incubation with an inoculum,followed by slow DOC degradation till 120-168 h into the incubation.During a 7-d incubation with an inoculum,the variation in DOC degradation in the different soil extracts was consistent with the change in special UV absorbance at 254 nm.Relatively higher levels of biodegradable organic C were detected in soil leachates from the forest canopy than in forest gaps between April and October 2008 (P <0.05).Relatively lower concentrations of DOC and biodegradable organic C were observed in soil leachates from N-fertilized plots during the growing season compared with the control,with the exception of the plot treated with KNO 3 at a rate of 45 kg N ha 1 a 1.Around 77.4% to 96.3% of the variability in the biodegradable organic C concentrations in the forest floors could be accounted for by the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance at 254 nm.Compared with the conventional inoculum incubation method,the method of analyzing UV absorbance at 254 nm is less time consuming and requires a much smaller sample volume.The results suggest that the regression models obtained using the initial DOC concentration and UV absorbance can provide a rapid,simple and reliable method for determining the biodegradable organic C content,especially in field studies involving relatively large numbers of samples.     

THOR网在机器人装配系统装配质量预测和分析中的应用

装配质量对产品的性能和可靠性有直接的影响．基于一类高级的Petri网——THOR网，对机器人装配系统装配质量的预测进行了研究，提出了系统分析装配质量的模块化建模方法．该方法可以对各种装配策略和手段与装配质量间的关系进行研究，是实现机器人装配系统装配质量评价与控制的有力工具．     

基于WGAN的语音增强算法研究

带噪语音可看成由独立的噪声信号和语音信号经某种方式混合而成,传统语音增强方法需要对噪声信号和干净语音信号的独立性和特征分布做出假设,不合理的假设会造成噪声残留、语音失真等问题,导致语音增强效果不佳。此外,噪声本身的随机性和突变性也会影响传统语音增强方法的鲁棒性。针对这些问题,使用生成对抗网络来对语音进行增强,给出一种基于Wasserstein 距离的生成对抗网络(Wasserstein generative adversarial nets, WGAN)的语音增强方法来加快训练速度和稳定训练过程。该方法无需人工提取声学特征,且使语音增强系统的泛化能力得以提升,在匹配噪声集和不匹配噪声集中都有良好的增强效果。实验结果表明,使用训练出的端对端语音增强模型后,语音信号的客观评价标准(perceptual evaluation of speech quality,PESQ)平均得到23.97%的提高。     

基于混杂Petri网的食品加工生产过程建模

根据食品加工过程的混杂特性,提出了一种基于时延混杂Petri网与微分方程机理建模相结合的方法,并对某食品加工过程进行了建模和分析,其模型体现了连续过程和离散事件共存的特性,具有一般性.此模型可以应用于生产过程的优化调度.     

颗粒物质三维直剪实验的数值模拟

为了获取断层物质的受压剪切特性,用离散元法生成5种非规则颗粒单元来模拟自然条件下断层物质的直剪过程,以实验数据为参数,探讨了不同法向应力、摩擦系数、颗粒形状、试样颗粒组构对断层物质的剪应力的影响。结果表明,剪应力随法向应力、摩擦系数、非规则颗粒含量的增加而增大,不同法向应力、颗粒形状、试样组构下孔隙率的变化反映了剪应力的变化。     

预拓扑与网族的预收敛类

引入了网族及预收敛类的概念,给出了从T(X)(即X上的预拓扑的全体)到S(X)(即X上的预收敛类的全体)的单射,证明了当X是有限集时该映射是双射.     

中微子的理论假设和实验验证

介绍了决定宇宙构成和演化的基本粒子———中微子的理论假设和实验验证,以及测定中微子静止质量的最新方法———中微子振荡.     

Effect of Abrasives on Three-Body Abrasive Wear Behaviour of Particulate-Filled Polyamide66/Polypropylene Nanocomposites

Polyamide66/polypropylene (PA66/PP) blend, graphite (Gr)-filled PA66/PP composite and nanoclay (NC)-filled PA66/PP nanocomposites were prepared by twin screw extrusion and injection molding. Three-body abrasive wear behaviour of the injection moulded composites was carried out using a rubber wheel abrasion wear tester. In this study, angular silica sand and quartz particles of size ranging from 200 to 250 μm were used as dry and loose abrasives. The tests were carried out for 150, 300, 450 and 600 m abrading distances at a constant load of 36 N. It was observed that inclusion of particulate fillers in PA66/PP have significant influence on wear under varied abrading distances for different abrasive particles. Further, it was found that NC-filled PA66/PP nanocomposite exhibited lower wear rate compared to Gr filled ones for different abrasive particles. In addition, the worn surfaces of the samples were examined by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and the morphology was also discussed.     

自然扩充的某些关于熵和乘积的动力学性质(英文)

主要研究了自然扩充中,熵对、极大零熵因子、一致正熵和完全正熵等与熵有关的动力学性质,以及不交性和弱不交性等与乘积有关的动力学性质.应用这些性质,构造了自身和其自然扩充之间具有严格的中间因子的极小拓扑动力系统.