近失速工况跨声速压气机静叶端壁附面层流向槽抽吸数值研究

通过CFD数值模拟方法,对近失速工况下跨声速压气机静叶端壁附面层抽吸进行研究,分别讨论了压气机静叶端壁前缘开槽吸气、靠近端壁尾缘开槽吸气和组合抽吸这三种方案对静叶气动性能的影响。结果表明:静叶端壁前缘抽吸有效减薄了附面层抑制了端壁角区分离,明显降低了损失,有效拓展了喘振裕度。而靠近端壁尾缘抽吸方案中,只是抽走了分离区内的低能流体,效果不明显。组合抽吸方案的抽吸效果则介于前两者之间。     

箱压缩机吸气簧片阀的优化设计

本文使用ANSYS WORKBENCH对压缩机吸气簧片阀进行了优化设计分析.通过对计算结果和敏感度的分析发现,阀片最细截面宽度和阀片伸展角度对其承载能力和工作性能影响较大.合理地设计这两个参数可以有效提高压缩机的寿命.     

VSC系列电视吸吊装箱机及其控制系统的设计与研制

分析电视吸吊装箱机的设计要求及其特点，提出达到这些要求的措施，并介绍了ＶＳＣ系列吸吊装箱机的控制系统和运行效果     

Theory of Microbial Carbonate Precipitation and Its Application in Restoration of Cement-based Materials Defects

Bacterial induced carbonate mineralization has been demonstrated as a new potential method for restoration of limestones in historic buildings and monuments. We claim here the formation of calcium carbonate was controlled by extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) isolated from Bacillus pasteurii. The process of crystallization nucleation was accelerated in the presence of cells and inhibited in the presence of EPS. The CaCO₃ film deposited on cement paste surface was about 100 µm after 7 d treatment. The results of various restoring methods showed that higher decrease of water absorption of cement paste was gained in brushing application in the presence of agar, which could maintain urease with high activity in long term compared to spraying method. The coefficient of capillary suction of cement paste treated with brushing method was reduced by 90%. Mixed media consisted of sands, urea, Ca²⁺ and concentrated biomass, was injected into artificial cracks of cement paste followed by continual nutrient supplement, and CaCO₃ particles were precipitated gradually between sands particles which were combined with cement matrix. The results showed that the compressive strength of recovered specimens was restored to 84%, which demonstrated that this kind of bio‐restoration method is effective in repairing surface defects of cement‐based materials.     

Numerical computation of an impinging jet with uniform wall suction

The paper presents numerical predictions of a turbulent axisymmetric jet impinging onto a porous plate, based on a finite volume method of solving the Navier-Stokes equations for an incompressible air jet with the K–ε turbulence model. The velocity and pressure terms of the momentum equations are solved by the SIMPLE (semi-implicit method for pressure-linked equation) method. In this study, non-uniform staggered grids are used. The parameters of interest include the nozzle-to-wall distance and the suction velocity. The results of the present calculations are compared with available data reported in the literature. It is found that suction effects reduce the boundary layer thickness and increase the velocity gradient near the wall.     

多层土质边坡入渗的水流方向演变机理

为研究多层土边坡内入渗雨水方向演变规律,建立均质和多层土质边坡模型,依据VG模型的多土层边坡含水率与基质吸力的控制方程,结合饱和区成形,研究了入渗雨水方向的时空演变特征及影响因素,以及水流方向与有效应力的联系.分析表明:水平方向的基质吸力差决定了水流方向,基质吸力沿水平方向的变化率决定了水流水平方向增速;饱和区成形是垂直流产生的必要条件;降雨停止坡面浅层0~1.3m内迅速产生下坡向水流,深层下坡向水流产生滞后;渗透性差异大的土层交界面上极易产生剧烈的水平渗流;上坡向水流的产生伴随着有效应力降低.     

含水率对非饱和砂土似黏聚力影响试验研究

目前工程上对待砂土地基时,都是将其作为完全无粘性土来对待,也就是将其粘聚力笼统的作为零。这种方式在理论研究中,简化了很多问题;但是在工程应用中,忽视似粘聚力的存在,有时候会带来诸多的不便,甚至是工程造价的翻番。为了研究非饱和砂土的似粘聚力,本文以工程实例“西咸能源金融大厦的基坑支护项目”为依托,选取了西咸新区,沣河以东,渭河以南交汇区域的砂土,进行了多组不同含水率、相同干密度的砂土的三轴、直剪以及基质吸力试验。试验结果表明：砂土的似粘聚力随着含水率的变化,呈现出由零先急速增长、然后增速放缓、再增速变大增长至峰值,并可以短暂维持峰值阶段,最后逐渐降低为零的结果。同时验证了砂土的直剪试验在工程上的可用性及安全性。其结论可以为非饱和土的研究提供参考。     

基于吸力量测确定膨胀土活动带和裂隙深度

采用M itchell公式和裂隙扩展深度方程两种吸力法确定安康地区膨胀土大气影响深度和裂隙开展深度。其一通过对安康地区两处天然边坡开挖观测井,利用张力计进行不同深度处吸力值的现场量测,根据M itchell提出公式计算大气影响深度;其二根据非饱和土抗拉强度公式,建立膨胀土裂隙扩展深度方程,利用基质吸力量测结果求其理论解。结果表明,安康地区膨胀土吸力变化曲线随深度增加变幅减小,呈“波浪式”推移。M itchell公式确定安康地区膨胀土的大气影响深度为3.35m以内,裂隙深度方程确定裂隙开展深度为3.06³.14m。利用M itchell公式计算大气影响深度与膨胀土断裂理论公式确定的裂隙开展深度结果接近。     

翼型大攻角状态下表面吸气驻涡增升的数值模拟实验

用数值模拟方法给出了翼型大攻角状态表面吸气后绕翼型流动的某些新现象并对流场的特性进行了机理性研究,其中包括吸气对翼型背风面分离涡的驻涡增升作用;吸气孔位置对流场的影响;不同吸气强度以及间歇式吸气的增升效应。数值模拟的出发方程为N-S方程,差分格式为Beam-Warming格式。数值实验表明:(1)吸气可有效地提高翼型大攻角状态下的升力;(2)在一定吸气强度下吸气可使翼型背风面上涡的非定常脱落现象消失从而起到驻涡作用;(3)吸气孔位置在翼面的中部附近增升效果较好;(4)在一定范围内吸气强度越强其升力越高;(5)间歇式吸气也可提高平均升力,但引起升力的波动。     

Minimization of the Wing Airfoil Drag Coefficient Using the Optimal Control Method

The problem of designing a wing airfoil starting from the surface velocity (or pressure) distribution, given in multi-parameter form, is considered. In the diffuser region, the velocity decrease law is determined from the conditions of minimum drag and separationless flow for a given Reynolds number. The case of boundary layer suction for the purpose of improving the aerodynamic characteristics of the airfoil is studied. A solution is obtained using optimal control theory.