微菱形织构表面旋转轴密封性能研究

综合考虑液膜空化及质量守恒边界条件,构建了轴面微菱形织构油封模型,通过数值计算获得膜压分布和微菱形孔结构参数对密封性能的影响关系。结果表明：微菱形孔所引起的动压效应可使膜压场产生变化,从而影响密封可靠性、润滑特性和泵汲效应;通过改变结构可控制泵吸方向、稳定液膜和减小摩擦。为提高稳定性和泵汲效应,并降低泄漏和磨损,选用半轴比γ=0.4~0.6、孔深h₁=1.5~4.5μm和微孔旋转角α=40°~50°轴面微菱形孔织构更为合理。     

Field Study on Mobility and Persistence of Linuron and Monolinuron in Agricultural Soil

Abstract

A field site equipped with suction cup lysimeters was installed at Treviglio (BG) to assess the migration capacity of the herbicides linuron and monolinuron from topsoil to groundwater and to verify the appearance of their relevant transformation products in soil and water samples. A constant hydraulic head was applied in order to develop water saturation conditions in the upper layers. KCl was used as a tracer to evaluate water infiltration velocity through the vertical soil profile. The constant hydraulic head accelerated infiltration rates, while herbicide concentrations reached maximum contamination because soil adsorption capacity was underdeveloped. The results indicated two main processes of pesticide transport: firstly transport due mainly to water infiltration through macropores; secondly the transport driven by matrix flow. Linuron was found to be the most mobile herbicide, while chloroanilines were found to be the major transformation products of the herbicides considered.     

Dispersion of Colloidal Alumina using a Rhamnolipid Biosurfactant

Dispersability of colloidal alumina in water has been studied using a rhamnolipid containing biosurfactant. Zeta potential measurements revealed that the surface charge of alumina was altered due to adsorption of the biosurfactant and the iso‐electric‐point of alumina shifted from pH 9 to 6.3. Sedimentation tests indicated that the alumina suspension was completely dispersed for 3–5 hours in the presence of biosurfactant after which some settling was observed. Stability of the suspension in the time period studied was found to be independent of pH. Capillary suction time measurements showed that the alumina suspension was dispersed in the presence of the biosurfactant and varied with pH. Maximum dispersion is obtained in the pH range of 3.5–5 and 7–11 while a minimum is obtained around pH 6. This behavior is consistent with the changes in zeta potential in the presence of the biosurfactant and thus capillary suction time measurements appeared to be more reliable than the sedimentation tests. Optimization studies showed that about 60 mg/g of biosurfactant was necessary for best dispersion and dispersion could be done up to 40% solids. The application of a natural biosurfactant for dispersing colloidal alumina has been demonstrated.     

Prediction of entrance length and mass suction rate for a cylindrical sucking funnel

Conservation equations for mass, momentum and energy have been solved numerically for a cylindrical funnel with louvers (lateral openings on the side wall of the cylindrical funnel through which air can come into it) to compute the suction rate of air into the funnel. The nozzle placed centrally at the bottom of the cylinder ejects high‐velocity hot gaseous products so that atmospheric air gets sucked into the funnel. The objective of the work is to compute the ratio of the rate of mass suction to that of the mass ejected by the nozzle for different operating conditions and geometrical size of the funnel. From the computation it has been found that there exists optimum funnel diameter and optimum funnel height for which the mass suction is the highest. The protruding length of the nozzle into the funnel has almost no effect on the mass suction rate after a certain funnel height. The louvers opening area has a very high impact on the mass suction rate. The entrance length for such a sucking funnel is strikingly much lower compared with a simple cylindrical pipe having uniform flow at the inlet at same Reynolds number. A new correlation has been developed to propose the entrance length for a sucking pipe, the rate of mass suction into it and the exhaust plume temperature over a wide range of operating parameters that are normally encountered in a general funnel operations of naval or merchant ship. Copyright © 2009 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

三角补偿矩阵的二阶段问题

本文研究的是一类具有完备补偿矩阵的二阶段问题－三角补偿矩阵的二阶段问题．它是简单补偿和对角补偿问题的推广．文中讨论了它的一些重要性质，这些性质对求解它是很有意义的．     

用同伦分析方法求解具有抽吸喷注的运动延伸表面上流动问题

研究了具有抽吸喷注的多孔介质延伸表面上二维稳态层流的流动问题.用一种解析的方法--同伦分析方法--求得了该流动问题的相似解.给出了量纲为一的速度分布以及在不同渗透参数情况下壁摩擦系数的变化.     

宁明非饱和膨胀土的抗剪强度

用GDS非饱和三轴试验系统对宁明膨胀土进行了饱和状态下的固结排水试验以及控制基质吸力的非饱和三轴排水试验,分析得到了不同基质吸力下非饱和土的总粘聚力及吸附强度与吸力之间的关系.并对试验结果进行了数值拟和,由此获得了宁明膨胀土非饱和抗剪强度表达式.将参考文献中同类试验结果代入,同样满足此关系.     

含沙水流中水轮机导叶的设计研究

依奇点分布法和前人分析实验得到的含沙水流中固体颗粒的受力分析结果,利用相对阻塞和相对抽吸的观点对含沙水流中水轮机导叶进行设计。经模型试验表明,与传统方法设计的导叶相比,用本文提出的方法设计的导叶在含沙水流中运行时,水力效率高,耐磨蚀。     

管道纺纱装置结构的优化

本文对管道纺纱装置的结构进行了深入的研究,提出了在原管道纺纱装置的基础上,将吸风装置绕输纤管道的轴线旋转180°的新方案。以这个设计方案为基础,对其主要的结构参数和主要的工艺参数进行了优化,求得了最佳结构参数和最佳工艺参数。再根据最佳结构参数制造有关零件,装在管道纺纱单头试验机上,以求得的最佳工艺参数为工艺务件,实际纺制28tex 纯棉纱。这个新装置不仅能稳定地纺纱,而且其成纱的缕纱强力与优化计算的结果基本一致。