对置活塞二冲程汽油机分层稀燃组织研究

结合对置活塞二冲程汽油机缸径小、冲程长的特点,提出了进排气侧非对称喷雾方式,并采用AVL-Fire软件对喷雾方向进行优化,实现全负荷工况下的缸内均匀混合;同时研究了部分负荷工况下二次喷射对分层混合气形成和稀燃组织的影响.结果表明,进气侧喷射角增大有利于提高缸内混合气的均匀度,排气侧喷射角增大会导致燃油蒸发率降低;二次喷油比例影响分层混合气浓稀区的分布,二次喷油时刻影响缸内混合气稀区的均匀性.当进气侧喷射角为30°、排气侧喷射角为15°时,选择第一次喷油时刻为220℃ A,第二次喷油时刻为270℃ A且二次喷油比例为20%,可有效组织混合气分层.在部分负荷工况下,采用分层稀混合气相比均匀稀混合气的火焰发展期缩短约30%,快速燃烧期缩短约15%.      

基于无线传输的内燃机活塞组-缸套摩擦力测量方法

探讨了平均指示有效压力法测量活塞组-缸套摩擦力的原理,给出了活塞组及连杆的惯性力计算方法,利用无线传输方法实现了连杆应力信号的可靠传输,并通过倒拖试验得到了不同转速条件下柴油机活塞组-缸套系统的摩擦力.     

电喷汽油机怠速不良故障的诊断方法

分析了电喷汽油发动机怠速控制系统的工作原理,总结了怠速不良故障的常见原因,介绍了常见的3种怠速不良故障的诊断方法。     

嵌入式设备在中小型机房监测中的应用

针对中小型机房设备实时监测的需求，设计一种低成本机房监测系统。本文主要阐述嵌入式设备在该系统中应用。嵌入式设备采用S3C44BOX处理器，通过温湿度传感器、烟感、UPS协议采集机房相关监测数据；嵌入式软件采用互换性好的模块化设计。整个系统设计简单，性能可靠，易于安装，经济实用。     

Impact of post-injection strategy on the physicochemical properties and reactivity of diesel in-cylinder soot

Post injection has significant benefit in the reduction of diesel soot emissions. Therefore, there is a need to understand the effect of post-injection strategy on soot physicochemical properties and reactivity because they play an important role in soot oxidation process that governs the final soot emissions. This work focuses on the impact of post injection on the physicochemical properties and reactivity of diesel in-cylinder soot using a main plus post injection (M*P) and a single injection (M) strategy. The soot was sampled by a developed total cylinder sampling system, and the dividing points of soot formation-dominant and oxidation-dominant phases were used for studying the impacts of post injection on the characteristics of in-cylinder soot. The physicochemical properties of the soot samples, including primary particle size, nanostructure, carbon chemical state and surface functional groups, were characterized. The soot reactivity was evaluated in terms of peak temperature, burnout temperature and apparent activation energy. In the oxidation-dominant phase, the M*P soot initially possesses smaller primary particle size, shorter fringe length, larger tortuosity, lower sp²/sp³ hybridization ratio of carbon atoms and higher content of aliphatic CH groups than the M soot. The beneficial influence of physicochemical properties on soot reactivity when using post injection is validated by the thermogravimetric data, which shows that the M*P soot is more reactive than the M soot at the onset of the oxidation-dominant phase. In the M*P case, the soot generated from the main-injection combustion has lower reactivity than the soot from the post-injection combustion after they experience the soot formation-dominant phase. The results indicate that the use of post injection leads to in-cylinder soot with physicochemical properties that favor reactivity. The enhancement of reactivity means that the soot will be more readily oxidized in the subsequent combustion process, and consequently contributes to a reduction in final soot emissions.     

某通用小型汽油机箱体有限元分析及结构优化

该文运用有限元法对某通用小型汽油机箱体进行了结构强度与刚度分析，结果表明右箱体主轴承位置最大变形量过大，刚度较差。为此对右箱体主轴承区域进行拓扑优化。优化方式为：增加右箱体主轴承处加强筋数量、增加壁面厚度以及在壁面上添加加强条。通过计算表明，该优化方式能使箱体的最大应力与应变大大下降，使其强度刚度有了较大提升，箱体的结构更趋合理。     

问答社区问句中多字词表达提取

基于互动问答社区问句中多字词表达和问句理解的关系,提出针对互动问答社区问句进行多字词表达抽取,并基于互动问答社区问句中多字词表达的特点,提出适用于互动问答社区的多字词表达提取方法.该方法在利用互信息和停用词表的方法从问句中抽取候选多字词表达的基础上,将候选多字词表达分为正确串、残缺串、冗余串和错误串4类,借助搜索引擎对查询串的优化和候选多字词表达在互联网上的检索结果,设计候选多字词表达校正方法,实现对多字词表达的提取.以新浪爱问知识人问题库中的问句进行实验,结果表明,多字词表达抽取的准确率、召回率和F值分别达到84%,52%和0.64,验证了该方法的有效性.     

并联式混合动力发动机神经网络法转矩预测与闭环控制

利用实际发动机的标定数据搭建了GT-Suite及Matlab/Simulink联合仿真模型，建立了基于进气和发动机状态参数的预测转矩反馈协同控制模块。对比了ANN法和现有发动机的标定脉谱插值预测（MAP）法2种方法下发动机稳态及瞬态转矩变化、升降挡等工况预测的结果误差，结果表明：稳态工况下MAP法较为可靠，低、中、高3种发动机转速下转矩预测波动小，误差比ANN法低1.31%、1.09%和1.52%；实际瞬态转矩跃变及阶跃工况下，ANN法较MAP法误差低5.62%和1.32%，升降挡工况下低1.93%和0.84%。     

AJAX技术在网络考试系统中的应用

在充分分析网络考试系统的现状、发展前景的基础上,剖析了目前网络考试系统存在客户端相应速度慢、数据处理不灵活等问题,重点论述了在校园网环境下采用AJAX技术提高系统性能的优势及具体的解决策略,取得了良好的效果.     

Biofuels–Renewable Energy Sources: A Review

Biodiesel is biodegradable and nontoxic, and it significantly reduces toxic and other emissions when burned as a fuel. The advantages of biodiesel as diesel fuel are its portability, ready availability, renewability, higher combustion efficiency, non-toxicity, higher flash point, and lower sulfur and aromatic content, higher cetane number, and higher biodegradability. The major disadvantages of biodiesel are its higher viscosity, lower energy content, higher cloud point and pour point, higher nitrogen oxide (NO_x) emissions, lower engine speed and power, injector coking, engine compatibility, high price, and greater engine wear. The technical disadvantages of biodiesel/fossil diesel blends include problems with fuel freezing in cold weather, reduced energy density, and degradation of fuel under storage for prolonged periods. The sources of biodiesel are vegetable oils and fats. The direct use of vegetable oils and/or oil blends is generally considered to be unsatisfactory and impractical for both direct injection and indirect type diesel engines because of their high viscosities and low volatilities injector coking and trumpet formation on the injectors, higher level of carbon deposits, oil ring sticking, and thickening and gelling of the engine lubricant oil, acid composition. Biodiesel is obtained by transesterifying triglycerides with methanol. A popular variation of the batch transesterification process which needs high alcohol/acid ratio (several separation problems and high corrosivity and toxicity) is the use of continuous stirred tank reactors in series. This continuous process is heterogeneous and is based on reactive distillation. The key factor is the selection of the right and effective solid catalyst which leads to reduction of energy consumption and investments at all.