Change in the sedimentary environment of Wanquan River Estuary,Hainan Island,China

Pb geochronology and sediment core profiles of organic carbon, total sulfur and organic carbon isotope (d 13C) values were used to reconstruct the local environ-mental history of the Shamei Lagoon, located in the Wan-quan River Estuary, eastern Hainan Island, China. Totalsulfur and d 13C values decreased upwards in the top 30 cm of a sediment core that spanned the last 200 years of deposi-tion. Total sulfur concentration and d 13C values respectively decreased upward from 1.92% to 0.36%, and -20.63?to -23.64? The C/S ratio in the 19th century and earlier was relatively stable in the range of 0.47—0.80, and there was a positive correlation between organic carbon and total sulfur. Since around 1900 AD, the C/S ratio increased rapidly to a maximum of 3.94, but no simple correlation was found be-tween organic carbon and total sulfur during this more re-cent period. These results indicated that before 1800 AD, the lagoon had a fully marine character, and the location of to-day抯 Wanquan River Estuary was an open embayment.From 1800 to 1900, the salinity of Shamei Lagoon decreased noticeably. The amount of seawater which could enter thelagoon decreased gradually as the Yudai spit grew. Today,seawater scarcely affects the lagoon; it is essentially a fresh-water basin.     

南海北部大陆架海洋生态系统Ecopath模型的应用与分析

过度捕捞和环境恶化导致渔业资源和海洋生态系统逆向发展。采用EwE5.1软件,对南海北部大陆架建立Ecopath(生态通道模型)模型。通过各级流量、生物量、生产量、捕捞量、系统总流量以及生态位和混和营养效应等方面的分析,得出营养流通主要有2种途径,肉食鱼类间饵料竞争非常激烈,低值鱼类间具相似的捕食压力,顶级捕食者对大部分鱼类负效应不明显。系统受过度捕捞渔业影响很大,并存在营养级I利用效率低和渔业资源小型化、低值化等不稳定的幼态特征。     

N-^-N圈传播子极点漂移小量换序计算

采用核子N（反核子^-N）与中性介子π^2相互作用的Lorentz不变耦合模型，对N-^-N圈图传播子在动量重整化方案中的有限量函数∑c（p）的严格解析计算问题，从极点漂移小量ε作换序计算角度进行了深入的分析、探讨后，发现传播子四维动量平方P^2〉-（核子质量＋介子质量）^2时可作合理换序计算处理．若将此计算结果延拓到P^2≤-（核子质量＋介子质量）^2时，发现与正规计算方法获得的计算结果近似符合程度并非十分理想．     

Tetramic acid derivatives and polyphenols from sponge-derived fungus and their biological evaluation

Fifteen compounds, including two tetramic acid derivatives, penicillenol A₁ (1) and penicillenol A₂ (2), six polyphenols containing both phenolic bisabolane sesquiterpenoid and diphenyl ether units, expansols A–F (3–8), together with six phenolic bisabolane sesquiterpenoids (9–14) and diorcinol (15), were isolated from the fermentation broth of the marine-derived fungus ZSDS1-F11 isolated from the sponge Phakellia fusca Thiele collected in the Yongxing island of Xisha. Their structures were elucidated mainly by using extensive NMR spectroscopic and mass spectrometric analyses. Compounds 3–5, 7 and 8 showed potent COX-1 inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 5.3, 16.2, 30.2, 41.0 and 56.8 μM, respectively. Meanwhile, compounds 3–8 showed potent COX-2 inhibitory activity with IC₅₀ values of 3.1, 5.6, 3.0, 5.1, 3.2 and 3.7 μM, respectively. In addition, compound 1 exhibited antituberculosis activity with 96.1% inhibition at concentration of 10 μM.     

“一带一路”愿景下民族地区与海洋文化的现实机缘

分析了中国草原丝路、沙漠丝路、西南丝路和海上丝路所途径的民族地区与海洋文化割裂不断的历史联系和现实机缘,指出了在当今的海洋时代,借助“一带一路”的开发和建设,建构中国海洋文化全球传播民族路径的重大意义。     

基于BP神经网络的海洋声学仪器信号识别方法

分析了几种常用海洋声学仪器信号的基本特征,提出一种基于误差反向传播(back propagation,BP)神经网络,以实现对信号特征参数进行分类、识别的方法.该方法采用短时傅里叶变换提取信号特征参数,运用Levenberg-Marquardt算法训练BP神经网络.以实测海洋声学仪器信号的特征参数进行训练后,采用实测和仿真样本对BP神经网络的识别能力进行测试.实验结果表明,BP神经网络能够有效地区分不同海洋声学仪器的信号,识别准确率达到95%以上,且虚警率低于5%.该研究成果可用于识别海域中不同海洋声学仪器,检测海洋中声学仪器的工作状态.该识别方法对于其他海洋声信号的识别研究也有一定的参考价值.     

两种海洋微藻——强壮前沟藻与青岛大扁藻之间的相互作用研究

在实验生态条件下研究了两种海洋微藻:强壮前沟藻(Amphidinum carterae Hulburt)和青岛大扁藻(Platymonas helgolondica var.tsingtaoensis)之间的相互作用。结果发现:①在单培养体系中,强壮前沟藻和青岛大扁藻的生长曲线可用逻辑斯谛增长模型拟合:不同的起始密度对两种微藻的环境容量(K)有明显的影响,随着起始密度的增加K有逐渐减小的趋势;两种微藻的种群瞬时增长率(r)与起始接种密度之间也具有明显的相关性:强壮前沟藻的r随起始浓度的增加而增加,而青岛大扁藻的r则随起始密度的增加而减小。②在共培养体系中,两种微藻的r和K都受到了明显的抑制,与对照组(单培养体系)相比差异显著(P<0.05);其中强壮前沟藻受到的抑制作用明显强于青岛大扁藻;通过比较两种微藻的种间竞争系数可知,青岛大扁藻的种间竞争能力明显高于强壮前沟藻,这可能是青岛大扁藻在共培养体系中处于竞争优势的原因之一。     

首都国际机场3号航站楼屋面雪荷载分布研究

采用两相流理论模拟风荷载雪漂作用,认为空气相和雪相的关系为单向耦合,雪在风(空气相)的作用下发生漂移.对通用计算流体动力学软件FLUENT进行了二次开发,计算了在风作用下积雪发生迁移后屋盖表面的雪压分布,并对雪荷载改变量以及雪压分布的规律进行了分析,为结构设计提供了依据.     

小型船在静水及波浪中的操纵性能比较

通过数值模拟和模型试验两种手段对某小船在静水和波浪中的操纵性能进行了比较,数值模拟取用模型试验研究所用不规则波的等效规则波.分析表明波浪对船舶操纵性的影响较大,船舶在波浪中的操纵性能降低,波高越大操纵性能降低越明显.