产业升级中科技信息中介的运用研究——以浩风网为例

科技中介利用电子商务寻求新发展的趋势日益受到社会各界的肯定和关注.文章突破传统论文对科技中介研究的局限,从电子商务视角研究科技中介的发展,以电子商务作为产业升级的动力机制,分析科技信息服务中介在价值链整合和虚拟经营基础上的产业升级状况,并从经济和社会效益两方面总结了产业升级的影响.     

先进制造技术实习教学体系改革

文章依据先进制造技术自身特点提出了先进制造技术实习教学中存在的主要问题;结合教学实践,以解决教学中存在的问题为目的,对先进制造技术实习教学体系的改革进行了探讨;并从教学计划制定、教学内容设置、软硬资源配置、综合与创新、引导式教学等5方面提出了相应措施,以求为先进制造技术实习教学体系的进一步完善提供参考。     

制造系统中的单元构建技术研究进展

敏捷制造是21世纪的制造模式,而制造单元是敏捷制造模式实施的基础,制造单元构建的实质是制造资源的优化选择与组合。在阐述了制造单元构建的意义的基础上,介绍了单元构建的方法,综述了国内外关于制造单元构建的研究现状,指出了目前单元构建技术研究中存在的问题以及主要发展趋势。     

离子液体的合成及在稠油改质中的应用研究

合成了[BMIM]Cl、[BMIM]FeC_l4和Et_3NHCl-NiCl_2三种离子液体;并研究了这些离子液体在不同加入量时对新疆哈浅22号稠油的改质效果。结果表明,过渡金属改性制备的[BMIM]FeCl_4在一定量的条件下可使稠油有效降黏,降黏率达34.12%以上,这说明离子液体可使稠油在开采过程中降低黏度,提高采收率,降低采油成本。     

Customization competition between branded firms: Continuous extension of product line from core product

We study a competition of product customization between two branded firms by a game-theoretic approach. Firms produce products with two attributes: one attribute indicates a characteristic with regard to “function” or “design” of a product and the other indicates “taste” or “flavor” of the product, which reflects consumers’ brand/taste preferences. Two branded firms have their own specific core products and our customization is defined as a continuous extension of their product line from the core product only along the “function” attribute. In particular, we allow asymmetric positions of core products, which may create the position advantage/disadvantage between firms. We suppose that consumers incur their selection costs with regard to finding their most favorable item among a rich variety of products and firms incur their customizing costs with regard to extending their product lines. We first show that in the equilibrium, branded firms should fundamentally adopt their customizations to cover the center space in the market as far as possible, regardless of the position of the competitor’s core product. Therefore, the position of the core product contributes to the creation of a competitive advantage: when one firm’s core product is located more closely to the center of the market than the competitor’s, its customization can always cover more range of the center space in the market, while keeping its degree of customization smaller than the competitor’s. Furthermore, we show some implications of unit-cost improvement: in a short run, a firm is better off concentrating on the improvement of the unit selection cost rather than the unit customizing cost. In contrast, in a long run, both firms can benefit from the improvement of the unit customizing cost.     

Machine-part cell formation using biclustering

Cellular manufacturing is the cornerstone of many modern flexible manufacturing techniques, taking advantage of the similarities between parts in order to decrease the complexity of the design and manufacturing life cycle. Part-Machine Grouping (PMG) problem is the key step in cellular manufacturing aiming at grouping parts with similar processing requirements or similar design features into part families and by grouping machines into cells associated to these families. The PMG problem is NP-complete and the different proposed techniques for solving it are based on heuristics. In this paper, a new approach for solving the PMG problem is proposed which is based on biclustering. Biclustering is a methodology where rows and columns of an input data matrix are clustered simultaneously. A bicluster is defined as a submatrix spanned by both a subset of rows and a subset of columns. Although biclustering has been almost exclusively applied to DNA microarray analysis, we present that biclustering can be successfully applied to the PMG problem. We also present empirical results to demonstrate the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed technique with respect to related ones for various formations of the problem.     

分享经济环境下制造业产能分享的三群体演化博弈分析

制造业产能分享的兴起,改变了传统的制造模式,打破了原有制造业系统的平衡。为研究制造业产能分享参与群体的决策行为,在产能分享平台具有网络外部性、制造企业具有接入成本且博弈群体均具有有限理性的假设条件下,构建了“产能分享平台-制造业产能所有企业-制造业产能需求企业”三个博弈群体的演化博弈模型。运用演化博弈理论分析了模型的演化稳定策略,探讨了制造企业接入成本、产能分享平台的网络外部性系数等对此动态系统稳定性的影响,给出了演化稳定策略的经济和管理意义。最后,用数值仿真对比分析不同参数变化对演化结果的影响,为产能分享平台和制造企业的行为决策提供理论参考依据。     

新兴信息技术背景下的制造业企业平台变革与创新生态系统研究基于组织边界重构与价值协同的视角

以互联网、数字化技术为主体的新兴信息技术给制造业企业组织带来深刻变革.本研究以新兴信息技术对制造业企业平台建设的组织边界和价值协同的影响为主线,基于平台和边界的基本内涵,分析了新兴信息技术背景下平台关键要素特征的全方位演进和核心特征变化,探讨了制造业企业平台组织边界重构的必然性和跨界融合的企业平台治理结构的变革,指出数字化时代制造企业平台的成长范式是一种独特的多元化路径的生态性成长,以此为基础构建了新兴信息技术背景下制造业企业平台价值协同与创新生态系统的结构模型,以期提高我国制造业企业平台建设的组织效率和企业绩效.     

融资方式、研发投入资本化与企业价值的研究 ——基于医药制造行业上市公司的实证研究

本文选取上市医药制造企业近八年数据指标作为研究对象,研究了研发投入资本化处理方式对企业价值的影响,以及融资方式对上述两对象之间关系的调节作用.研究表明,研发投入资本化对企业价值具有明显正向导向效应;不同融资方式对其研发投入资本化与企业价值二者关系具有不同的调节效应;内部融资和负债融资均对二者关系有显著的负向导向,而股权融资的负向作用并不明显.根据相关研究结果为医药制造企业研发创新及企业价值创造的提升提供合理借鉴.     

扫描策略对激光增材制造铁基复合材料冶金缺陷控制、显微组织演变及力学性能的影响机制研究

Steel matrix composites (SMCs) reinforced with WC particles were fabricated via selective laser melting (SLM) by employing various laser scan strategies. A detailed relationship between the SLM strategies, defect formation, microstructural evolution, and mechanical properties of SMCs was established. The laser scan strategies can be manipulated to deliberately alter the thermal history of SMC during SLM processing. Particularly, the involved thermal cycling, which encompassed multiple layers, strongly affected the processing quality of SMCs. S-shaped scan sequence combined with interlayer offset and orthogonal stagger mode can effectively eliminate the metallurgical defects and retained austenite within the produced SMCs. However, due to large thermal stress, microcracks that were perpendicular to the building direction formed within the SMCs. By employing the checkerboard filling (CBF) hatching mode, the thermal stress arising during SLM can be significantly reduced, thus preventing the evolution of interlayer microcracks. The compressive properties of fabricated SMCs can be tailored at a high compressive strength (~3031.5 MPa) and fracture strain (~24.8%) by adopting the CBF hatching mode combined with the optimized scan sequence and stagger mode. This study demonstrates great feasibility in tuning the mechanical properties of SLM-fabricated SMCs without varying the set energy input, e.g., laser power and scanning speed.