Microparticle‐Mediated Delivery of BMP4 for Generation of Meiosis‐Competent Germ Cells from Embryonic Stem Cells

Producing meiosis‐competent germ cells (GCs) from embryonic stem cells (ESCs) is essential for developing advanced therapies for infertility. Here, a novel approach is presented for generation of GCs from ESCs. In this regard, microparticles (MPs) have been developed from alginate sulfate loaded with bone morphogenetic protein 4 (BMP4). The results here show that BMP4 release from alginate sulfate MPs is significantly retarded by the sulfated groups compared to neat alginate. Then, BMP4‐laden MPs are incorporated within the aggregates during differentiation of GCs from ESCs. It is observed that BMP4‐laden MPs increase GC differentiation from ESCs at least twofold compared to the conventional soluble delivery method. Interestingly, following meiosis induction, Dazl , an intrinsic factor that enables GCs to enter meiosis, and two essential meiosis genes (Stra8 and Smc1b ) are upregulated significantly in MP‐induced aggregates compared to aggregates, which are formed by the conventional method. Together, these data show that controlled delivery of BMP4 during ESC differentiation into GC establish meiosis‐competent GCs which can serve as an attractive GC source for reproductive medicine.

     

Antioxidant activity,phytochemical screening,and total phenolic content of extracts from three genders of carob tree barks growing in Morocco

We evaluated the in vitro antioxidant property and phytochemical constituents of the crude ethyl acetate and methanol extract of the three genders of carob tree barks (spontaneous male, spontaneous female, and grafted female). The scavenging activity on DPPH (1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl) was determined, as well as the phenolic contents (Folin–Ciocalteu method) of both the extracts. The highest antioxidant activity and the higher amounts of total phenols were shown in methanol crude bark extract for the three genders. Variety significantly affected the phenol content and the antioxidant activity, with the spontaneous male variety globally showed a higher polyphenol concentration and antioxidant activity than the grafted female and spontaneous female.     

孢子体自交不亲和的雌雄S决定子及显隐性关系

综述了寻找孢子体自交不亲和雌雄S决定子的过程，以及孢子体自交不亲和中的显隐性关系及其分类，并提出将来自交不亲和研究的方向。     

浅述瑶族男性成人礼仪式的基本程序

瑶族男性成人礼，是在瑶族历史长河中逐步形成的。它既是一种宗教仪式，也是对接受礼式者进行社会道德教育的一种重要形式。其实质是要代代相传，把后代培养成为具有本民族意识的能人。瑶族男性成人礼仪式的基本程序包括度戒、受戒、过法三个阶段。     

略论杨门男将演变成杨门女将的文化意蕴

本文考察杨门男将史实,澄清一些关于杨家将的错误认识,认为杨门男将在明代中期演变成女将,而演化的文化意蕴在于披着封建礼教--"忠孝节烈"的外衣,来宣传妇女独立意识;同时,也是对宋代以来在对外族入侵过程中"雌了男儿"的一种绝妙的讽刺.     

中华蚱蜢雄性附腺及储精囊的结构研究

采用光镜观察了中华蚱蜢的雄性附腺和储精囊的显微结构．结果表明，中华蚱蜢的雄性附腺左右对称．各由15根腺管组成，根据分泌物可分为5种类型：透明长腺管a，透明长腺管b，透明短腺管，白色腺管，乳白长腺管；储精囊为细长的管状，左右各一根，和附性腺缠绕在一起．     

普通小麦T型与V型不育系花粉发育过程中苹果酸脱氢酶的变异

对不同发育时期花药的苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)同工酶的研究表明:线粒体MDH(m-MDH)同工酶谱型是保守的,即只有量上的变化,质的差异不明显;不同类型不育系植株的胞浆MDH(s-MDH)同工酶表现不同:T型植株在花粉发育的整个时期s-MDH都存在,而V型植株在花粉发育的二胞期才出现s-MDH;此两不育类型植株从未出现微体MDH(g-MDH)。     

三种细胞质雄性不育水稻小孢子发育过程的研究

运用ＤＮＡ荧光探针结合显微荧光术，系统地研究了３种水稻细胞质雄性不育系的败育过程、时期和特点．结果表明，珍汕９７不育系不能完成小孢子第一次有丝分裂；马协不育系小孢子可完成第一次有丝分裂，但不能进入第二次有丝分裂；广丛４１不育系部分小孢子可完成第二次有丝分裂，因此可看到许多三核花粉，但因核行为异常而败育．小孢子的败育过程可能是一种程序性细胞死亡（ＰＣＤ）的过程     

男大学生中长跑运动员训练过程生理生化指标研究——心率恢复率、血乳酸清除率变化情况

通过实验室研究方法、文献资料法、数理统计法、综合分析法等研究方法对业余男中长跑运动员在不同训练阶段的血乳酸清除率、心率恢复率等指标进行测定,得出了不同训练阶段运动员的运动强度安排、间歇时间安排应不同的结论．运动员在训练初期运动强度要小些,间歇时间为9min左右;训练三个月后训练强度可适当加大,间歇时间调整为8min左右;当系统训练半年后由于运动员的血乳酸清除率和心率恢复率都达到了一个较高的水平,可以采用较大的训练强度,适当地缩短训练时间,将间歇时间调整为7min左右．     

从《男人还剩下什么》看毕飞宇小说的男性立场

在被称为"写女性心理最好的男作家"的毕飞宇的小说创作中,也有一群平庸无为的男性形象。短篇小说《男人还剩下什么》是他关注男性生存状态的特写,是他创作中的沧海遗珠,以独特的价值展示着他对于男性生存现状的探究。一方面,他通过对男性形象感情世界的挖掘,展现出当下男性感情世界"失语"的状态:爱的能力与人性纯真的丧失,雄性力量的失落;另一方面,他以第一人称的叙事方式和反讽调侃式的个性标识语言,表现男性主体精神。同时,他又在一定上超越了男性立场,让读者感受到男作家的特质以及普世的人文关怀。