中华大蟾蜍肺毛细血管的扫描电镜观察

用扫描电镜观察了ＡＢＳ丁酮溶液灌注的中华大蟾蜍肺毛细胞管构筑情况，其肺壁被内面的施工网状隔膜分隔成许多小室－肺泡；在网状隔膜，肺泡壁上均有丰富的毛细血管，且相互吻合成单层密集网；肺泡毛细血管网眼多，由五边形的毛细管环构成，毛细血管直径９．５３－１６．７３μｍ，网眼孔径９１．７－２５．１８μｍ；在毛细血管铸型上有明显的内皮细胞核的压迹。     

黏附因子-1、IL-18在大鼠左心缺血再灌注诱导的急性肺损伤中的作用

目的:探讨白介素-18、黏附因子-1在左心缺血再灌注肺损伤中的作用及对呼吸功能的影响.方法:60只SD大鼠随机均分为实验组和对照组,实验组复制左心缺血再灌注肺损伤模型并与BL-420生物信号采集分析系统相联,对照组不做左冠状动脉的前降支结扎其余操作同实验组.比较缺血30min、再灌注30min、再灌注60min3个时间点两组大鼠肺组织白介素-18、黏附因子-1表达情况、外周血和支气管肺泡灌洗液中白介素-18水平、动脉血氧分压及呼吸曲线进行比较.结果:各时间点实验组大鼠肺组织白介素-18、黏附因子-1表达高于对照组;外周血和支气管肺泡灌洗液中白介素-18水平高于对照组;PaO2低于对照组;呼吸曲线的幅度、强度、持续时间均低于对照组,上述差异均具有统计学意义(P<0.05).结论:白介素-18激活黏附因子-1释放增多,吸引白细胞在肺循环发生黏附聚集释放反应,引起炎性细胞因子的进一步释放,导致肺炎症反应失衡,引起急性炎症损伤,致呼吸功能下降.     

肺癌患者血清P53抗体及肺癌组织P53表达对肺癌诊断价值的研究

目的探讨肺癌患者血清P53抗体水平及肺癌组织P53表达对肺癌诊断的价值.方法采用ELISA法检测肺癌患者血清P53抗体水平,并采用免疫组化法检测肺癌组织P53表达情况.结果肺癌患者血清P53抗体（17.84±8.73）ng/L水平比正常对照组（5.43±1.90）ng/L显著升高（P〈0.001）,肺癌患者血清P53抗体水平与肿瘤大小、淋巴转移、远端转移、TNM分期有关.肺癌患者癌组织P53表达的阳性率为61.5%（168/273）,肺癌患者癌组织P53阳性表达率与肿瘤大小、淋巴转移、远端转移、TNM分期、分化程度、病理类型有关.结论血清P53抗体水平与癌组织中的表达有着良好的平行关系,测定血清P53抗体水平或检查肺癌患者癌组织P53的表达可对肺癌的诊断、分期、治疗和预后提供重要依据.     

急性纯氧对SD大鼠损伤的研究

SD大鼠暴露于1ATA100％的急性纯氧中,对其血细胞和肺脏进行研究,以阐明急性纯氧对机体的损伤机制．结果表明：SD大鼠暴露于100％急性纯氧中不同时间,血液中红细胞的浓度（RBC）,红细胞压积（HCT）,血红蛋白浓度（HGB）,平均红细胞血红蛋白含量（MCH）,平均红细胞体积（MCV）,平均红细胞血红蛋白浓度（MCHC）,白细胞浓度（WBC）等无显著变化（P＞0．05）;但是,白细胞的分类变化显著（P＜0．05）或非常显著（P＜0.01或P＜0．001）,淋巴细胞随SD大鼠在急性纯氧中暴露的时间延长不断下降,中性粒细胞和单核细胞的总数不断升高．急性氧中暴露65小时后,20％的大鼠死亡,存活的大鼠解剖,发现肺部出现严重的炎症,肺的湿重．脂质过氧化（LPO）产物显著增加（P＜0．001）,超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）活力明显下降（P＜0．001）．     

上饶师院大学生心肺机能比较研究

通过对上饶师院1018名大学生的哈佛氏台阶试验和肺活量\体重测试，并与全国同类的相关指数进行比较，分析研究，为获取人体机能增强与心肺机能适应能力的相关数据提供了初步的科学资料。测试对象有三分之二以上的学生相对肺活量指数已达到全国同类比值的优良状态；同时心功能指数明显低于全国同类值。表明上饶师院普通专业学生还需加强心血管机能的适应性锻炼。     

自适应滤波心音增强

心音听诊是诊断心脏疾病的重要方法，近二十年在临床上得到了广泛应用．然而，心音传感器与皮肤的摩擦所产生的干扰，肺音在心音记录中的固有干扰等，而且有时这些干扰很强，给心音诊断带来了一定影响甚至误诊断．为防止呼吸干扰在记录心音时要求屏住呼吸或采用低通滤波方法，但滤波时滤去部分干扰音的同时，也丢失了心音的低频部分．本文采用的是自适应滤波，它可进行心音增强和抑制噪声．实验证实了本文方法的有效性     

Detect early stage lung cancer by a LAMP microfluidic chip system with a real-time fluorescent filter processor

This work presents a promising clinical molecular diagnostics for early stage lung cancer. This novel diagnostic method utilized the loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP), microfluidic chips and a confocal optical detector with a non-linear fluorescent filter processor. An isothermal amplification based microfluidic chip for the early diagnostics of lung cancer was developed and a confocal optical detector was improved by a novel real-time fluorescent filter to sensitively monitor the DNA amplification procedure with high signal to noise ratio and fluorescence collecting ability. Experiment showed that a rapid diagnostic of lung cancer by detecting the existence of the CEA mRNA could be performed in only 5 μL of reaction assay in less than 45 min. While the traditional in-tube RT-PCR set consumed more than 25 μL of the assay and took more than 90 min.     

Design of Enzymatically Cleavable Prodrugs of a Potent Platinum‐Containing Anticancer Agent

Using a versatile synthetic approach, a new class of potential ester prodrugs of highly potent, but systemically too toxic, platinum–acridine anticancer agents was generated. The new hybrids contain a hydroxyl group, which has been masked with a cleavable lipophilic acyl moiety. Both butanoic (butyric) and bulkier 2‐propanepentanoic (valproic) esters were introduced. The goals of this design were to improve the drug‐like properties (e.g., logD) and to reduce the systemic toxicity of the pharmacophore. Two distinct pathways by which the target compounds undergo effective ester hydrolysis, the proposed activating step, have been confirmed: platinum‐assisted, self‐immolative ester cleavage in a low‐chloride environment (LC‐ESMS, NMR spectroscopy) and enzymatic cleavage by human carboxylesterase‐2 (hCES‐2) (LC‐ESMS). The valproic acid ester derivatives are the first example of a metal‐containing agent cleavable by the prodrug‐converting enzyme. They show excellent chemical stability and reduced systemic toxicity. Preliminary results from screening in lung adenocarcinoma cell lines (A549, NCI‐H1435) suggest that the mechanism of the valproic esters may involve intracellular deesterification.     

Synthesis of PEGylated hyaluronic acid for loading dichloro(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(Ⅱ)(DACHPt) in nanoparticles for cancer treatment

Dichloro(1,2-diaminocyclohexane)platinum(II)(DACHPt), a cisplatin(CDDP) analog, has shown lower toxicity than CDDP and no cross-resistance with CDDP in many CDDP-resistant cancers. PEGylated hyaluronan(m PEG-HA) is an m PEG conjugated with hyaluronan biodegradable polymer which is a naturally occurring biopolymer in the interstitium, is primarily cleared by the lymphatic system. m PEGhyaluronan–DACHPt(PEG-HA–Pt) conjugate could circulate long-term in the bloodstream and increase DACHPt concentration in the tumor site and decrease systemic toxicity. m PEG-HA conjugates with the range of 1%–5% substitution were synthesized, and the structures were confirmed by1 H NMR and IR. The particle size of DACHPt incorporated with m PEG-HA was about 86 nm and the loading content and efficiency were about 19%(w/w) and 86%, respectively. The synthesized m PEG-HA with different PEG substitution degrees presented non toxicity, and the cell viability of DACHPt loaded in m PEG-HA nanoparticles increased with increasing doses of DACHPt. DACHPt release from nanoparticles slightly decreased with increasing PEG substitution degree from 1% to 5% at 37 8C, pH 7.4 PBS solution. The DACHPt loaded in m PEG-HA nanoparticles significantly inhibited the growth of A549 xenografts in nude mice when compared to the DACHPt loaded in HA nanoparticles and the control group after 4 weeks treatment(p 0.01 compared with control). The body weight change curve shows that the mice weight loss was less than 5% by treating with both DACHPt loaded in m PEG-HA and HA nanoparticles. In conclusion, a novel DACHPt loaded m PEG-HA delivery system was developed with sustained release and increased platinum concentration in the tumor.     

Synthesis of Small‐Molecule Fluorescent Probes for the In Vitro Imaging of Calcium‐Activated Potassium Channel KCa3.1

Small‐molecule probes for the in vitro imaging of K_Ca3.1 channel‐expressing cells were developed. Senicapoc, showing high affinity and selectivity for the K_Ca3.1 channels, was chosen as the targeting component. BODIPY dyes 15 – 20 were synthesized and connected by a Cu^I‐catalyzed azide–alkyne [3+2]cycloaddition with propargyl ether senicapoc derivative 8 , yielding fluorescently labeled ligands 21 – 26 . The dimethylpyrrole‐based imaging probes 25 and 26 allow staining of K_Ca3.1 channels in NSCLC cells. The specificity was shown by removing the punctate staining pattern by pre‐incubation with senicapoc. The density of K_Ca3.1 channels detected with 25 and by immunostaining was identical. The punctate structure of the labeled channels could also be observed in living cells. Molecular modeling showed binding of the senicapoc‐targeting component towards the binding site within the ion channel and orientation of the linker with the dye along the inner surface of the ion channel.