含间断项的二阶周期边值问题的拟上下解方法

利用拟上下解方法和混合单调迭代法,研究了Banach空间中含间断项的二阶非线性微分方程周期边值问题解的存在唯一性,并给出逼近解迭代序列的误差估计.     

黄河下游生态径流量计算研究

选取黄河下游地区花园口、高村、利津3个代表站的实测月径流量系列,利用逐月均频率计算法和改进的Tennant法2种历史流量计算方法分别计算了3个代表站的生态径流过程.结果表明:虽然2种计算方法原理不同,但是由逐月均频率计算法得到的适宜生态径流量大都在改进的Tenannt法所得结果的最佳或极好范围之内,只有个别月份与最佳范围的数值有一定的差值,但也位于可接受的范围内.     

可靠性评估中不同数据转换公式优良性比较

在复杂系统的可靠性评估中,将不同分布的寿命数据转换为成败型数据,然后利用成败型数据对整个电子产品进行可靠性评估是一种重要的处理方法.本文给出了数据等效性的相关概念和准则,并在建立的准则下对文献中提及的三个等效数据转换公式的优良性在指数分布定数截尾试验数据情形进行了比较.从比较的结果看,文中所提及的转换公式B在所给出的等效性准则下优于其他两个转换公式A和C.     

Re-entrant Photoinduced Morphological Transformation and Temperature-Dependent Kinetic Products of a Rectangular Amphiphilic Diarylethene Assembly

An amphiphilic rectangular-shaped photochromic diarylethene bearing two hydrophobic alkyl chains and two hydrophilic tri(ethylene glycol) chains was synthesized, and its photoinduced morphological transformation in water was investigated. Two unexpected phenomena were revealed in the course of the experiments: a re-entrant photoinduced macroscopic morphological transformation and temperature-dependent kinetic products of supramolecular assembly. When the pure closed-ring isomer was dispersed in water, a re-entrant photoinduced morphological transformation, that is, a photoinduced transition from the hydrated phase to the dehydrated phase and then back to the hydrated phase, was observed by optical microscopy upon irradiation with green light at 20 °C; this was interpreted by the V-shaped phase diagram of the LCST transition. The aqueous assembly of the pure closed-ring isomer was controlled by changing the temperature; specifically, rapid cooling to 15 and 5 °C gave J and H aggregates, respectively, as the kinetic products. The thermodynamic product at both temperatures was a mixture of mostly H aggregate with a small amount of J aggregate. This behavior was rationalized by the temperature-dependent potential energy surface of the supramolecular assembly.     

中立型泛函微分方程的振动性

本文研究一阶非线性中立型泛函微分方程的振动性.得到了该方程振动的充分性判别法则.     

Fast and solvent-free microwave-assisted synthesis of thermoresponsive oligo(glycidyl ether)s

Low-molecular weight linear poly(glycidyl ether)s are typically synthesized via the “classical,” oxy-anionic ring-opening polymerization (ROP) of glycidyl ether monomers at elevated temperatures. To reduce reaction times, a fast process was developed to synthesize oligo(glycidyl ether)s (OGEs) in bulk at a gram-scale utilizing microwave heating. Well-defined thermoresponsive copolymers comprising glycidyl methyl ether and ethyl glycidyl ether with molecular weights of up to 3 kDa were synthesized via microwave-assisted ROP with reaction times of approximately 10 min. The fast reaction kinetics were attributed to the rapid and uniform heating and high temperatures reached during the reaction. Consequently, no significant microwave-specific acceleration of the oxy-anionic ROP was observed. The temperature-triggered phase transition of the OGEs in aqueous solution revealed cloud point temperatures that are highly dependent on the OGE molecular weight, concentration, and comonomer composition, which extends previously reported data. Furthermore, oligo(glycidyl ether) acrylates (OGEAs) with reactive, functional end groups were directly accessible via in situ quenching of the anionic, microwave-assisted ROP with acrylic acid chloride. The obtained thermoresponsive OGEA macromonomers represent a promising material for the functionalization of surfaces via radical grafting methods to obtain functional, thermoresponsive coatings with potential application in cell culture. © 2018 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2018 , 56, 2496–2504     

Pb,Sr and Ba calix[6]arene hexacarboxylic acid octahedral complexation: a dramatic effect of dealkylation

Calix[6]arene hexacarboxylic acid binds instantly and with low symmetry to Pb, Sr and Ba. Later a highly symmetric up-down alternating conformation emerges. The solution structures are identical to their p-tert-butylcalix[6]arene hexacarboxylic acid counterparts. With either receptor, an octahedral cage is formed around the metal. The transformation from low to high symmetry however proceeds at significantly faster rates for the de-t-butylated host.     

Synthesis and Properties of Thermosensitive Poly(N-Isopropylacrylamide)/Waterborne Polyurethane Graded Concentration Hybrid Films

Temperature-sensitive hybrid films were synthesized with a concentration gradient by casting and UV curing of N-isopropylacrylamide (NIPAAm) monomers (0%–70%) on the free surface of waterborne polyurethane (WPU) films on a Teflon substrate. The surface hardness and contact angle of the free surface with a water drop increased asymptotically with the addition of NIPAAm, whereas those on the substrate side were virtually unchanged. The diffusion coefficient (D), rates of swelling at 20°C (below the lower critical solution temperature (LCST) of poly(N-isopropylacrylamide) (PNIPAM)) and deswelling at 50°C (above the LCST) increased with increasing NIPAM content, showing favorable thermosensitivity. In addition, the glassy state modulus and glass transition temperature (Tg) of the film increased with increasing NIPAM content, whereas the rubbery modulus decreased due to the increased molecular weight between the crosslinks. In addition, as the NIPAM content increased, the film showed a positive yield with an increased yield and fracture stress and decreased ductility. Above 50% NIPAM, the film became brittle, showing a linear stress–strain relationship.