CeO2-ZrO2-Y2O3对Pt-Rh型三效催化剂性能的影响

采用共沉淀法技术制备了Ce0.35Zr0.55Y0.10固溶体,并对其进行了比表面积、储氧量的测试和XRD的表征.将其用于低贵金属Pt-Rh型三效催化剂的制备,考察了CeO2-ZrO2-Y2O3对三效催化剂性能的影响.结果表明,Ce0.35Zr0.55Y0.10具有与Ce0.50Zr0.50O2相似的立方结构和相近的储氧量,经高温(1000 ℃)后仍能保持较大的比表面积(38.66 m2·g-1).和含Ce0.50Zr0.50O2的三效催化剂相比,含CeO2-ZrO2-Y2O3的三效催化剂经高温老化后,C3H8,CO,NO仍具有较高的转化率和较低的起燃温度.     

Investigation of glow discharge plasma for surface modification of polypropylene

Material surface properties of polymers, plastics, ceramics and textiles can be modified by atmospheric or low‐pressure glow discharge plasma. The aim of the present work is to study the surface modification of biaxially oriented polypropylene (BOPP) film in order to improve its hydrophilic and wetting properties. In this article we used low‐pressure, low‐temperature oxygen plasma for the surface treatment of BOPP. Scanning electron microscopy indicates that plasma treatment causes mainly physical changes by creating microcraters and roughness on the surface and increasing surface friction. Attenuated total reflectance infrared spectra show oxygen‐containing groups such as ? OH at 3513 cm^?1 and C?O at 1695 cm^?1. Microscopic investigations of water droplets on BOPP (treated, untreated) show that the interfacial adhesion of treated surfaces is increased. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

GAS PERMEABILITY OF COPOLY(1-TRIMETHYL-SILYL-1-PROPYNE-PENTAMETHYL-DISILYL-1-PROPYNE) MEMBRANE

The permeability of copoly (1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne-pentamethyldisilyl-1-propyne) membrane for twelve gases (0_2, N_2, CO_2, H_2, D_2, He, At, CH_4, C_2H_4, C_2H_6, C_3H_6 and C_3H_8) was examined. The basic laws of solution and diffusion of the gases in the membrane were expounded preliminarily. It was found that a linear relationship between logarithm of diffusion coefficient (D) and critical molar volume (V_c) of the gases. The permeation characteristics of the gases in the copoly (1-trimethylsilyl-1-propyne-pentamethyldisilyl-1-propyne) membrane was also discussed.     

低硫可膨胀石墨的制备

低硫可膨胀石墨的制备宋克敏，路文义，高淑英，阎秋燕（河北教育学院石家庄０５００９１）关键词低硫可膨胀石墨，制备，过氧化氢，硫酸柔性石墨具有耐高温、耐酸碱、抗拉、抗压、抗辐射、回弹性等优良性能，被广泛应用于化工、机械、肮天、原子能等领域。但其原材料可膨...     

Structure and properties of compatibilized recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate)/linear low density polyethylene blends

Blends of recycled poly(ethylene terephthalate) (R-PET) and linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE) were compatibilized with poly(styrene-ethylene/butyldiene-styrene) (SEBS) and maleic anhydride-grafted poly(styrene-ethylene/butyldiene-styrene) (SEBS-g-MA). Effects of compatilizer were evaluated systematically by study of mechanical, thermal and morphology properties together with crystallization behavior of PET. Tensile properties of the blends were improved effectively by the addition of 10 wt% SEBS-g-MA, elongation at break and charpy impact strength were increased with the increasing content of compatilizer. SEBS-g-MA is more effectual on mechanical properties of R-PET/LLDPE blends than SEBS. DSC analysis illustrates crystallinities of PET and LLDPE were increased by compatilizer at annealing condition. WAXD and FT-IR spectra show that annealing influences crystallization behavior of PET. Different compatilizer content results in different morphology structure, in particular, higher SEBS-g-MA content can induce the formation of a salami microstructure.     

Pulsed field gradient NMR on polybutylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules

The applicability of pulsed field gradient nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy to nanocapsule systems is demonstrated on dispersed poly-n-butylcyanoacrylate nanocapsules as a model system. Spectroscopic data are presented that allow for the structural characterization of the inner cavities, the observation of Brownian motion of the capsules and the detection of rapid molecular exchange through the capsule walls. An analytical formula is proposed that yields equilibrium populations and average residence times of a given tracer molecule, thus leading to crucial information regarding the permeability of the capsule walls. Based on these analytical methods, two varieties of nanocapsules are compared that derive from two different preparation procedures. It is found that thinner capsule walls obtained under acidic conditions of the organic phase during interfacial polymerization lead to correspondingly higher exchange rates of benzene as a tracer molecule.     

Microwave and RF surface wave sustained discharges as plasma sources for plasma chemistry and plasma processing

The surface wave produced plasma belongs to a class of RF and microwave induced plasmas. It results from the propagation of an electromagnetic wave which uses the plasma column it sustains and the plasma tube as its sole propagating media. This type of plasma offers several advantages compared to the positive column plasma of dc discharges or to other RF and microwave produced plasmas. Surface wave plasmas require no internal electrodes, and they can be applied over an extremely broad range of wave frequencies (27 MHz to 10 GHz demonstrated) and gas pressures (about 10^–4 Torr to a few times the atmospheric pressures). Using the surface wave plasma technique, a large variety of plasma column diameters have been created (0.5–150 mm demonstrated) and no limitation on plasma column length (column up to 6 m long demonstrated) has been found. The surface wave produced plasma is used in elemental analysis and to sustain emission in lasing media. This article is intended as a guide for potential users of surface wave plasmas in the field of plasma processing and plasma chemistry.     

用TMS—2型热机分析仪测量热释蠕变

对已经商品化的Perkin-Elmer TMS-2型热机分析仪进行改进,用来测量聚合物材料的热释蠕变行为。按照7SCr分步加载的程序,用弯曲法测量了-83～300℃温度范围内低密度聚乙烯的玻璃化转变松弛过程,并从TSCr谱上计算其相应的分子参数,实验结果与用扭转的TSCr方法所得结果相等,因此这是一种研究聚合物材料松弛行为的方便可行的技术。     

Self-assembly, optical behavior, and permeability of a novel capsule based on an azo dye and polyelectrolytes

A novel capsule composed of an azo dye, Congo red (CR), and different polymers, including poly(styrenesulfonate, sodium salt) (PSS), poly(allylamine hydrochloride) (PAH), and poly(diallyldimethylammonium chloride) (PDDA), have been successfully fabricated by the layer-by-layer self-assembly technique. The stepwise linear deposition process was monitored by means of UV-visible absorption measurements. The formation of hollow capsules was verified by confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) and scanning force microscopy (SFM). The resulting hollow PSS/PAH/CR/PDDA capsules displayed a sensitive response to visible light. Optical changes of the hollow capsules prior to and after the photoreaction were investigated in detail by means of UV-visible spectroscopy, CLSM, and SFM. It was found that the photochemical reaction of the assembled hollow capsules depends strongly on the matrix. Qualitative results on the permeability of the hollow capsule walls with CR as one component indicate that the permeability of the walls can be easily photo-controlled at varying irradiation time intervals without addition of external chemicals.     

加氢脱氮催化剂中硫化钼结构的表征

众所周知,重油加氢脱氮(HDN)所用Mo-Ni/Al2O3催化剂需经预硫化后始有显著的活性,关于硫化的条件工业上已较成熟,但在持续反应过程中硫化催化剂的结构与活性间的关系则很复杂,如硫化钼的价态和结构、金属组分和担体间的相互作用、反应条件及原料对催化剂组分的影响,以及硫化态催化剂中MoS2结晶的形貌等都可以引起催化剂活性本质的变化.