论社会性别意识与大学语文教育

社会性别意识是大学语文教育题中应有之义,性别视角也是大学语文教材编写应有的视角,社会性别意识应成为大学语文教师必备的知识和技能。为消除性别偏差,培养先进性别观念,应在具体的教学实践中灵活运用女性主义教育理论,培养学生科学的性别意识,树立男女平等、两性和谐的科学发展观。     

邓小平根本否定“文革”与结束过去开辟未来

粉碎“四人帮”后,华国锋等扯起“两个凡是”的大旗,维护“文化大革命”的理论和实践.在1975年整顿中因否定“文化大革命”而被第三次打倒的邓小平复出后,支持真理标准的讨论,反对“两个凡是”,从根本上否定“文化大革命”.邓小平带领人民根本否定“文化大革命”的过程,以中共十一届三中全会为界,分为前后两大阶段.前一阶段包括三小段,后一阶段包括两小段.在否定“文化大革命”的同时,党和国家实行了一系列的针对“文化大革命”弊端的经济、政治等方面的新政策,邓小平将其概括为改革开放.在改革开放的探索中,邓小平得出了“走自己的路,建设有中国特色的社会主义”的结论.自此,中国人民沿着中国特色社会主义道路不断开拓前行.     

"模拟电子技术"虚实结合实验环境的构建

面对高教大众化的新形势,合理构建学科实验教学环境是培养高层次应用型人才的基本保证.为更新及改变电子技术基础实验课程,文章在总结实践经验的基础上,探讨了模拟电子虚实结合实验环境构建.实验环境的构建有利于培养电子、通信等工科类专业学生的电子应用维护与电子设计创造能力;提高计算机的设计应用水平;完善设计过程;使传统试验测试数据、数据分析与计算机的数据分析有机地结合起来.     

超音速物体的斜上抛运动

对超音速物体的斜上抛运动进行研究,得出空气阻力与速度立方成正比时斜上抛运动的微分方程和近似解以及计算最佳投掷角的参数方程。     

高速走丝线切割机床上下异形零件加工的研究

上下异形零件使用常规的加工方法很难达到目的,电火花线切割机床可以完成此类零件的加工,但属于加工难点问题。研究表明在编制加工程序时从上下异形零件的加工原理出发,依据零件的具体情况,正确确定上下面上的对应点的位置和数量,正确输入相关参数,正确指定编程面及参考面是加工成功的关键,并分析了常见加工失败的原因,提出了对策。另外指出不同种类的线切割机床加工上下异形零件的能力不同。     

基于上转换发光的碳量子点制备及应用研究

碳量子点具有易制备、低毒性、化学惰性高、荧光特性稳定等特点,和其他碳纳米材料(如富勒烯、碳纳米管和石墨烯等)一样引起了研究者的广泛关注。本文将从碳量子点的合成、特性、改性和应用等方面进行阐述,并对其受长波长光激发后可发出短波长光的这一上转换发光特性进行重点综述,为今后碳量子点的合成、改性以及应用提供一定的参考。     

Polyimides from an asymmetric hydroxyl‐containing aliphatic‐aromatic diamine synthesized via henry reaction

An aliphatic amino and an aliphatic hydroxyl group have been incorporated via Henry reaction highly efficiently toward the synthesis of a novel asymmetric aliphatic–aromatic diamine 2‐amino‐1‐[4‐(5‐aminopyridyloxy)phenyl]‐1‐ethanol (AAP_yP_hE) in three steps. AAP_yP_hE shows good copolymerization reactivity with 4,4′‐oxydianiline (ODA) toward different aromatic dianhydrides, especially 4,4′‐oxydiphthalic anhydride (ODPA). TGA measurement and mechanical test results show that all polymers maintain the inherent thermal performance and tensile properties, while the glass transition temperatures (T_g's) by DMA show moderate decrease ranging from 185.5 to 253.3 °C due to the presence of aliphatic segments. The introduction of AAP_yP_hE is found to improve the solubility of the polymers, and the polymer films' optical transparency with decreased cutoff wavelength (λ₀) ranging from 328 to 370 nm. Comparative studies reveal that the pendent aliphatic hydroxyls in the polymer chains would lead to interchain cross‐linking via condensation and secondary weak cross‐linking by hydrogen bond depending on different loading of AAP_yP_hE, which result in a fluctuation of hydrophilic–hydrophobic properties, DMA tan δ and dielectric constant of the copolymer films. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2017 , 55, 3413–3423     

一种改进边缘连接的Canny边缘检测算法

针对Canny边缘检测算法中需要手动设置固定阈值而出现边缘间断或伪边缘的问题,设计了一种基于边缘对比特征和边缘方向的边缘连接方法。该方法是基于视觉感知实验总结的一组边缘对比阈值数据比较强边缘点和待连接边缘点的对比特征判断其相似性,通过保持一定的边缘方向确保边缘连接方向的正确性,待连接点只有满足相似性且连接后新旧边缘方向一致,才能被连接为新边缘点。结果表明,改进边缘连接的Canny边缘检测算法具有很好的边缘连接能力,且能获取完整干净的边缘。     

双柱固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱法测定牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量

建立了双柱固相萃取净化-液相色谱-串联质谱(HPLC-MS/MS)测定牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的分析方法。样品用H3PO4溶液提取,三氯乙酸沉淀蛋白,苯磺酸型和羧酸型固相萃取柱净化,经Atlantis C18色谱柱分离,以电喷雾离子源在正离子多反应监测(MRM)模式下进行测定。牛奶中链霉素和双氢链霉素的方法检出限均为4μg/kg,定量限均为10μg/kg,奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素的方法检出限均为30μg/kg,定量限均为80μg/kg,方法回收率为80%~86%,相对标准偏差为5.9%~11.5%。本方法适用于牛奶和奶粉中链霉素和双氢链霉素残留量的测定。     

Independent highly sensitive characterization of asparagine deamidation and aspartic acid isomerization by sheathless CZE‐ESI‐MS/MS

Amino acids residues are commonly submitted to various physicochemical modifications occurring at physiological pH and temperature. Post‐translational modifications (PTMs) require comprehensive characterization because of their major influence on protein structure and involvement in numerous in vivo process or signaling. Mass spectrometry (MS) has gradually become an analytical tool of choice to characterize PTMs; however, some modifications are still challenging because of sample faint modification levels or difficulty to separate an intact peptide from modified counterparts before their transfer to the ionization source. Here, we report the implementation of capillary zone electrophoresis coupled to electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (CZE‐ESI‐MS/MS) by the intermediate of a sheathless interfacing for independent and highly sensitive characterization of asparagine deamidation (deaN) and aspartic acid isomerization (isoD). CZE selectivity regarding deaN and isoD was studied extensively using different sets of synthetic peptides based on actual tryptic peptides. Results demonstrated CZE ability to separate the unmodified peptide from modified homologous exhibiting deaN, isoD or both independently with a resolution systematically superior to 1.29. Developed CZE‐ESI‐MS/MS method was applied for the characterization of monoclonal antibodies and complex protein mixture. Conserved CZE selectivity could be demonstrated even for complex samples, and foremost results obtained showed that CZE selectivity is similar regardless of the composition of the peptide. Separation of modified peptides prior to the MS analysis allowed to characterize and estimate modification levels of the sample independently for deaN and isoD even for peptides affected by both modifications and, as a consequence, enables to distinguish the formation of l ‐aspartic acid or d ‐aspartic acid generated from deaN. Separation based on peptide modification allowed, as supported by the ESI efficiency provided by CZE‐ESI‐MS/MS properties, and enabled to characterize and estimate studied PTMs with an unprecedented sensitivity and proved the relevance of implementing an electrophoretic driven separation for MS‐based peptide analysis. Copyright © 2016 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.