Computer optimization of separation in gas-solid chromatography,optimization model and computer-modified mapping procedure

Summary This paper proposes an optimization model for gas-solid chromatographic separations in a non-linear programming form and an approximate equation of the plate height for the model. A computer-modified mapping procedure is also described for searching the optimum separation conditions. Just five experiments and about 20 minutes of the computer time are needed to establish the optima of column temperature and of the carrier gas linear velocity. The relative deviation between the predicted and the experimental values was found to be within 20% for the plate heights, and within 1.5% for the retention times.     

Industrial Application of Hybrid Sol-Gel Coatings for the Decoration of Crystal Glassware

The coloration of glass via melting techniques presents some unique problems with respect to the reproducibility, toxicology and economics of certain colors, especially if the market demands are highly variable. This is also the case for consumer products such as crystal glass and tableware. Traditionally, the decoration of crystal glasses is performed by laborious manual techniques, which are costly and do not meet modern market requirements. Alternatively, spraying of colored lacquers is a highly flexible and valuable tool for the development of new products. Sol-gel type hybrid coatings provide several advantages compared to conventional organic systems like high abrasion resistance, almost perfect adhesion, refractive index matching and sufficient stability in dishwashing procedures. The solubility of organic dyes in the hybrid matrix is sufficient for intense colors even at rather low layer thicknesses, which on the other hand convey the high brilliance of the base material. The development of transparent, translucent and opaque hybrid coatings for crystal glass has been completed in the last few years and the production of partially coated articles has started recently. The synthesis and properties of the coating material are reviewed and the industrial process and first market results are also outlined.     

Effect of chloride on heavy metal mobility of harbour sediments

To evaluate the environmental impact of polluted sediments, several operationally defined sequential extraction procedures (SEPs) have been described. Salinity has long been recognised as an important variable determining the physicochemical behaviour of heavy metals in marine sediments. Thus, in the present paper, the modified BCR-SEP has been applied to harbour sediments in order to assess to what extent trace metal mobility (Cd, Cr, Cu, Ni, Pb and Zn) could be influenced by chloride content in sediments. For this, washed (W) and non-washed (NW) sediments were compared. The relative mobility order observed for the six trace metals studied was not seen to be influenced by the presence of chloride in the sediments, but an increase of mobility was observed for Cd and Zn (the most mobile metals) when chloride was present in the sediments. Characterisation of the sediments and of the pseudo-total metal contents by means of an aqua regia extraction was also assessed.     

Counterpoise技术和He-H2O配合物的平衡几何

在得到MP4, SCF的关于总能量及结合能的四个势能面的基础上,着重分析了电子相关作用, 消除基函数超位误差的Counterpoise(CP)技术对van der Waals配合物He-H2O的平衡几何的影响并得到了更精确的平衡几何预测。     

依法治国:一种"合法性"资源

“合法性”是近年来国内外学术界探讨的热门话题。任何权力都有一种合法性诉求,希望得到社会成员的道德认同,进而得到他们的信仰和服从。而在我们国家,长期以来实行的党政不分、政策治国的执政方式削弱了党的执政地位和合法性基础。“依法治国”的提出标志着党在执政方式上的转变,同时也是一种合法性资源。但是依法治国决不能仅停留在口号上,必须进行一系列的观念更新、制度创新和程序建设,以此促进党的执政方式的完善。     

服装生产流水线工序合并与平衡的研究

在分析服装工业流水生产的基础上，指出要实现流水线的工序同期化，重点是要解决工序的合并与平衡问题，并对工序合并规则与平衡算法两个关键性技术问题作了具体的分析研究。     

用光谱和EPR谱确定CsMgCl3:Ni2+和CsCdCl3:Ni2+的局域结构

采用半自洽场（semi-SCF）自由Ni^2＋的3d轨道波函数、点电荷-偶极子模型和Ni^2＋-6X-（X=F,Cl,Br,I）络合物的μ-κ-α模型,建立了结构参数与光谱、EPR谱之间的定量关系,利用完全对角化方法,由光谱和电子顺磁共振（EPR）谱,确定了CsMgCl3：Ni^2＋和CsCdCl3：Ni^2＋晶体在77K温度时的Ni^2＋占位和局域结构参数,统一解释了CsMgCl3：Ni^2＋和CsCdCl3：Ni^2＋晶体的结构、光谱和EPR谱.此外,还讨论了高阶微扰方法、参量拟合方法等问题.所得理论结果与实验值符合得很好.     

针对案例研究局限性的案例研究方法操作过程设计

案例研究是社会科学研究常用的方法之一。但是,从文献来看,案例研究的实际应用常常是不规范的。本文在描述案例研究方法的定义及适合性的基础上,列举了案例研究方法存在的局限,设计出了案例研究方法的操作过程以提高该研究方法的推广性和有效性。     

我国破产案件受理程序浅析

现代程序保障理论观点认为，程序赋予利害关系人的权利、提供的程序保障与关系人的相关利益大小、程序结果是成比例的。据此分析，我国破产案件的受理程序提供的程序保障与受理法律效力并不相称，案件受理给债务人及债权人带来一系列重大的法律后果，而作出这些后果的程序债务人或债权人基本上不能参与。且在一个极为狭小的受理程序空间内，要求法院对诸多复杂破产实体要件进行审查是不现实的。不能对实体要件进行审查，没有赋予利害关系人相应的程序参与权，影响重大的破产受理效力便失去了程序正当性。