A Novel Anti-Inflammatory d-Peptide Inhibits Disease Phenotype Progression in an ALS Mouse Model

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterised by selective neuronal death in the brain stem and spinal cord. The cause is unknown, but an increasing amount of evidence has firmly certified that neuroinflammation plays a key role in ALS pathogenesis. Neuroinflammation is a pathological hallmark of several neurodegenerative disorders and has been implicated as driver of disease progression. Here, we describe a treatment study demonstrating the therapeutic potential of a tandem version of the well-known all-d-peptide RD2 (RD2RD2) in a transgenic mouse model of ALS (SOD1*G93A). Mice were treated intraperitoneally for four weeks with RD2RD2 vs. placebo. SOD1*G93A mice were tested longitudinally during treatment in various behavioural and motor coordination tests. Brain and spinal cord samples were investigated immunohistochemically for gliosis and neurodegeneration. RD2RD2 treatment in SOD1*G93A mice resulted not only in a reduction of activated astrocytes and microglia in both the brain stem and lumbar spinal cord, but also in a rescue of neurons in the motor cortex. RD2RD2 treatment was able to slow progression of the disease phenotype, especially the motor deficits, to an extent that during the four weeks treatment duration, no significant progression was observed in any of the motor experiments. Based on the presented results, we conclude that RD2RD2 is a potential therapeutic candidate against ALS.     

General analysis of the measurements of the lateral crystal lattice moduli of semicrystalline polymers by x-ray diffraction and the application to nylon 6

A mathematical representation based on a linear elastic theory is proposed by which one may investigate the dependences of molecular orientation and crystallinity on the crystal lattice moduli and linear thermal expansion coefficients in the direction perpendicular to the chain axis as commonly measured by x-ray diffraction. In the theoretical calculation, a previously introduced model was employed in which oriented crystalline phase is surrounded by oriented amorphous phase and the strains of the two phases at the boundary are identical. The mathematical analysis indicated that the lateral crystal lattice moduli and linear thermal coefficients as measured by x-ray diffraction may be different from the intrinsic crystal moduli and linear thermal coefficients of a crystal unit cell, depending on the structure of the polymer solid. The numerical calculation was applied to nylon 6. As a result, it may be confirmed that the lateral crystal lattice moduli measured by x-ray diffraction are sensitive to the morphology of the bulk speciments and close to the intrinsic crystal moduli if the morphology of the test specimen can be represented by a parallel model with respect to the original stretching longitudinal direction.     

平面药包的最佳间距

在矿山剥离、场地平整以及建(构)筑物基坑开挖等露天爆破中,为了充分利用炸药能量将岩石松动或抛掷到一定区域,并确保底板满足一定平整度要求,按照爆破技术设计和工程质量要求,需要设计平面布药结构.本文通过在施工现场进行的大量小型模拟实验,对平面药包间、排距与爆破漏斗的开口面积、可见深度、爆岩的抛掷距离和堆积形态等关系进行了系统分析与研究.实验结果表明,当平面药包间、排距满足一定范围时,爆破漏斗的可见深度较小,而开口面积和抛掷距离最大,爆堆形态较好.平面布药结构存在一个有利于抛掷堆积的最佳间、排距.     

布依族7项不对称行为特征的研究

对布依族的7项不对称行为特征(利手、扣手、叠臂、叠腿、利足、起步和利眼)进行了调查，结果显示：(1)7项指标在布依族中的出现率R型(右型)远高于L型(左型)；(2)布依族中7项指标出现率均无性别间差异；(3)与蒙古族、朝鲜族、汉族、鄂温克族、鄂伦春族、达斡尔族、汉族等民族作比较，发现布依族各项指标L型出现率偏低，且扣手、叠臂、起步L型出现率和这6个民族存在极显著性差异，叠腿L型出现率除与鄂伦春族无差异外，与另外5个民族均有极显著性差异，其他指标与这6个民族基本不存在差异；(4)布依族扣手基因频率(％)为：A=0．1653，a=0．8347；布依族利手基因频率为：B=0．6990，b=0．3010；(5)统计分析了7项指标间的相关性，发现多数指标间存在相关性，部分指标相关极显著，且R—R型组合(右型一右型)的出现频率远高于L—L型组合(左型一左型)的出现频率．     

用POSER5.0制作外踝韧带损伤三维模拟动画的应用研究

外踝韧带损伤是运动中最常见的损伤之一。由于受伤过程常常难以真实地记录下来，给运动损伤预防教学演示带来不便。本研究的目的是制作模拟的外踝韧带运动损伤三维图像，以便较好的解决这一难题。研究的方法是利用Poser5．0所提供的专用三维绘图软件和有机的建模系统，根据相关的专业知识，制作具有良好可视性的动画，以及对运动中受伤过程进行逐帧演示的模拟三维图像。研究结果表明，只要熟练掌握Poser5．0应用软件，就可以使身体的各个部位在运动中受伤的过程以不同的观察角度、多变形态（着装、卡通、骨骼等等）及变化无穷的背景生动地演示出来，从而有效地保证了教学质量。     

磁悬浮列车通过隧道时空气阻力的计算方法

首先从空气动力学基本原理出发 ,推导了按非恒定流计算磁悬浮列车在驶入、通过和驶出隧道 3种不同工况下空气阻力的表达式 .然后运用数值方法求出其数值解 ,并与实测和仿真模拟的结果进行比较 .最后分析了空气阻力与各影响因素之间的关系 ,给出了一些合理的解释和建议     

测井界面参数井约束反演及其应用

引入“测井界面参数”的概念，从声波、自然伽马、电阻率等测井曲线提取“测井界面参数”，并在一定条件下类比作反射系数；结合地震道剖面，采用宽带约束反演进行测井参数反演，得到相应声波、自然伽马、电阻率等测井曲线剖面．在得到各测井参数场的横向、纵向展布的基础上，综合解释各剖面，实现油气储层的横向预测及其精细描述，扩大了测井测量的作用范围．在中国塔里木盆地进行实际资料处理，结合地质模型进行综合解释应用，得出的结论与实际地质结论基本吻合，证明了该方法的有效性。     

关于样本区间长度的联合分布

设（X1，X2，…，Xn）为服从I=[0，1]上均匀分布的简单随机样本，它们将[0，1]分成（n＋1）个样本区间，以Y0，Y1，…，Yn分别表示这些样本区间的长度．本文讨论Y0，Y1，…，Yn的联合分布及其极限分布．     

带式输送机托辊形式的选择及间距的合理确定

介绍了带式输送机托辊形式的选择，论述了托辊间距的现状以及托辊间距的合理确定。     

浙江乐清方言音系再探

乐清方言的声母有29个,具备了吴语方言的一个重要特征,即浊声母和清声母的对立。韵母30个,没有入声韵和鼻化韵。声调有8个,入声不是短促调,已变为舒声,是先降后升的曲折调。