Structural modification in swift heavy ion irradiated muscovite mica

Two-layer monoclinic(2 M) muscovite mica sheets with a thickness of 12 μm are irradiated with Sn ions at room temperature with electronic energy loss( dE/dx)_e of 14.7 keV/nm. The ion fluence is varied between 1×10~(11) and1×10~(13) ions/cm~2. Structural transition in irradiated mica is investigated by x-ray diffraction(XRD). The main diffraction peaks shift to the high angles, and the inter-planar distance decreases due to swift heavy ion(SHI) irradiation. Dehydration takes place in mica during SHI irradiation and mica with one-layer monoclinic(1 M) structure is thought to be generated in 2 M mica after SHI irradiation. In addition, micro stress and damage cross section in irradiated mica are analyzed according to XRD data. High resolution transmission electron microscopy(HRTEM) is used on the irradiated mica to obtain the detailed information about the latent tracks and structural modifications directly. The latent track in mica presents an amorphous zone surrounded by strain contrast shell, which is associated with the residual stress in irradiated mica.     

酸性红94显现潮湿非渗透性客体表面潜在手印应用研究

潮湿客体表面潜在手印的显现是物证检验鉴定过程中所面临的一大难题,利用无毒害的生物染色试剂酸性红94结合相转移催化剂对潮湿客体表面潜在手印进行了显现研究。通过大量样本实验考察了显现试剂的最佳配方、最佳适用条件、灵敏度以及不同客体、不同浸泡时间对显现效果的影响。实验结果表明,该方法灵敏度高,显现手印纹线清晰连贯、与背景反差明显。当酸性红94浓度为5 mmol/L时,其显现效果最佳,对于水中浸泡50小时以上的客体仍然能表现出良好的显现效果。     

体育隐蔽课程的实施对大学生体育锻炼效果的影响

运用文献资料法、问卷调查法、教学实践等方法,研究体育隐蔽课程在体育教育和实践教学中的重要性及对大学生体育锻炼能力、体育锻炼态度、各项身体素质、身体机能等方面所产生的影响和作用,从而进一步完善高校体育教学任务,提高学生体育教学活动实践,为更好地实现体育教学目标服务．     

Semi-supervised learning based probabilistic latent semantic analysis for automatic image annotation

In recent years, multimedia annotation problem has been attracting significant research attention in multimedia and computer vision areas, especially for automatic image annotation, whose purpose is to provide an efficient and effective searching environment for users to query their images more easily.In this paper, a semi-supervised learning based probabilistic latent semantic analysis ( PL-SA) model for automatic image annotation is presenred.Since it' s often hard to obtain or create la-beled images in large quantities while unlabeled ones are easier to collect, a transductive support vector machine ( TSVM) is exploited to enhance the quality of the training image data.Then, differ-ent image features with different magnitudes will result in different performance for automatic image annotation.To this end, a Gaussian normalization method is utilized to normalize different features extracted from effective image regions segmented by the normalized cuts algorithm so as to reserve the intrinsic content of images as complete as possible.Finally, a PLSA model with asymmetric mo-dalities is constructed based on the expectation maximization( EM) algorithm to predict a candidate set of annotations with confidence scores.Extensive experiments on the general-purpose Corel5k dataset demonstrate that the proposed model can significantly improve performance of traditional PL-SA for the task of automatic image annotation.     

基于隐任务学习的动作识别方法

提出一种基于多分类隐任务学习的动作识别方法.将多个动作共享的一组子动作作为隐任务,通过对隐任务的联合学习来建模动作之间的关联,从而训练动作分类器并对视频中人的动作进行识别.利用基于softmax的多分类模型学习多个动作之间的隐任务,能够有效防止动作识别过程中的二义性,同时计算简单,节省了模型训练时间.在UCF sports和Olympic sports数据集上的实验结果表明,本文提出的多分类隐任务学习方法在迭代一次的时间上从130 s缩短至0.5 s,并且能更有效地识别视频中的动作.      

Blind alleys and fruitful pathways in the comparative study of cultural cognition

A mere few decades ago, culture was thought a unique human attribute. Evidence to the contrary accumulated through the latter part of the twentieth century and has exploded in the present one, demonstrating the transmission of traditions through social learning across all principal vertebrate taxa and even invertebrates, notably insects. The scope of human culture is nevertheless highly distinctive. What makes our cultural capacities and their cognitive underpinnings so different? In this article I argue that in behavioural scientists' endeavours to answer this question, fruitful research pathways and their ensuing discoveries have come to exist alongside popular, yet in the light of current empirical evidence, highly questionable scenarios and even scientific blind alleys. I particularly re-evaluate theories that rely on the centrality of a supposed uniquely human capacity for imitative copying in explaining the distinctive capacity for massive cumulative cultural evolution (CCE) in our species. The most extreme versions of this perspective suffer logical incoherence and severe limits on scientific testability. By contrast the field has generated a range of rigorous observational and experimental methodologies that have revealed both long-term cultural fidelity and limited forms of CCE in non-human species. Attention now turns to directly investigating the scope, limits and underlying cognition of non-human versus human CCE, with a broader approach to factors additional to cultural transmission, notably the role of invention, innovation and evolved motivational biases underlying the scope of CCE in the species studied.     

基于辐照前1/f噪声的金属-氧化物-半导体场效应晶体管潜在缺陷退化模型

基于金属-氧化物-半导体-场效应管(MOSFET)辐射损伤的微观机理,推导出了MOSFET经历辐照之后氧化层空穴俘获与阈值电压漂移之间关系的表达式.又根据MOSFET中1/f噪声产生的微观机理,建立了辐照之前MOSFET的1/f噪声功率谱幅值与阈值电压漂移量之间的定量关系,并通过实验予以验证.结果表明,辐照之前的1/f噪声功率谱幅值与辐照之后的阈值电压漂移量存在正比例关系,阈值电压漂移量可以反映出MOSFET内部的潜在缺陷的退化程度,因此,该模型有助于利用1/f噪声参量来表征MOSFET内部潜在缺陷的数量和严重程度.     

微量营养素对人类免疫缺陷病毒感染者免疫状态的影响

目的 研究微量营养素对人类免疫缺陷病毒（HIV）感染者体内免疫状态的影响。方法 将102名HIV感染者分为对照组和试验组,分别给予安慰剂和复合微量营养素片,在研究开始及结束时分别进行体格测量和免疫状态测定。结果 两组受试者在年龄、身高、体重和男女性别比方面差异没有统计学意义(P均＞0.05)。研究前两组受试者体内的CD3+、CD4+、CD8+ T淋巴细胞水平和IgA、IgG、IgM、C3水平差异没有统计学意义(P均＞0.05);研究后试验组CD3+、CD4+、CD8+ T淋巴细胞水平和IgA、IgG、IgM、C3水平均明显高于研究前和对照组(P均＜0.05),对照组与研究前差异无统计学意义(P均＞0.05)。结论 补充微量营养素能改善HIV感染者的细胞和体液免疫功能。     

Application of novel polymers with S‐alkylsulfonium salt moieties as alkylating agents and thermal latent cationic initiators

Sulfonium‐containing polymers prepared from dibenzothiophene and diphenyl sulfide were applied as both alkylating agents and latent initiators for the cationic polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether. The alkylation of acetonitrile proceeded smoothly with poly(S‐n‐octyl‐2‐vinyldibenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate) ( 4 ; 64 mol % octyldibenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate unit) to give N‐(n‐octyl)acetamide in an excellent yield on the basis of the starting octyldibenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate unit in 4 . The cationic polymerization of glycidyl phenyl ether was also carried out in the presence of poly(S‐methyl‐2‐vinyldibenzothiophenium tetrafluoroborate) or poly(S‐n‐octyl‐4‐vinyldiphenylsulfonium tetrafluoroborate) to confirm their moderate thermal latent activity. © 2001 John Wiley & Sons, Inc. J Polym Sci Part A: Polym Chem 39: 3928–3933, 2001     

夏季不同气候区相变蓄能外墙房间的热响应实验研究及舒适性分析

利用热箱法对我国夏季不同气候区以相变墙为南外墙的房间的热响应进行实验研究。分析相变房间在不同气候区使用时的优缺点,并利用"预计平均热感觉指数(PMV)"和"预计不满意者的百分数(PPD)"两个指标做出相应评价。结果表明:像北京这样的综合平均温度与相变温度比较接近,且在综合温度下昼夜温差高于27℃的气候条件,将相变材料置于墙体内孔时,其潜热利用率达到72.2%;而且室内舒适度好,PMV与PPD值分别为0.63%与13.33%。