How much information do we need?

Modern technology is succeeding in delivering more information to people at ever faster rates. Under traditional views of rational decision making where individuals should evaluate and combine all available evidence, more information will yield better decisions. But our minds are designed to work in environments where information is often costly and difficult to obtain, leading us to use simple fast and frugal heuristics when making many decisions. These heuristics typically ignore most of the available information and rely on only a few important cues. Yet they make choices that are accurate in their appropriate application domains, achieving ecological rationality through their fit to particular information structures. This paper presents four classes of simple heuristics that use limited information—recognition-based heuristics, one-reason decision mechanisms, multiple-cue elimination strategies, and quick sequential search mechanisms—applied to environments from stock market investment to judging intentions of other organisms to choosing a mate. The findings that ecological rationality can be achieved with limited information are also used to indicate how our mind’s design, relying on decision mechanisms tuned to specific environments, should be taken into account in our technology’s design, creating environments that can enable better decisions.     

密码学与网络安全的实现

随着网络应用的不断深入,用户对网络的依赖性越来越强,对网络的可访问性要求 也越来越高,保证网络访问时的安全性是人们一直以来努力的目标。实现安全访问网络的方法 有很多,主要讨论利用密码学原理来实现网络安全管理。     

新中国民间文学理论研究和学科建设:1949～1966

自新中国建立到“文化大革命”爆发的17年间,我国的民间文学理论研究和学科建设虽然或多或少受到“左”的思想的干扰,但总的来看还是取得了可喜的成就和发展。     

IP网QoS策略控制系统的研究

首先提出了策略控制系统的概念,然后介绍了策略控制系统的框架结构,最后在策略受控路由器中增加策略代理和主控程序模块,完成对IP网QoS(QualityofServices)策略控制系统的设计和仿真。     

多属性决策的组合赋权法

鉴于多属性决策问题中主观赋权法和客观赋权法各有其自身固有的特点，本文依据优化理论提出一种集成方法确定属性权重，该方法既充分利用客观信息，又反映决策者的主观偏好，从而使确定的属性权重更加合理、实用．     

Fabrication of BDD quantum node switches on embedded GaAs quantum wires grown by selective MBE

In view of applications to hexagonal binary decision diagram (BDD) LSIs, a first attempt is made to form quantum BDD node switches on selectively grown (SG) embedded quantum wires (QWRs) by molecular beam epitaxy (MBE). SG branch switches controlled by a Schottky wrap gate (WPG) were successfully fabricated by MBE growth and subsequent device processing. Gate control characteristics were studied by gate-dependent Shubnikov–de-Haas measurements, and the behavior was found to be similar to that of devices fabricated on wires by etching. The switch exhibited clear conductance quantization at low temperature, and temperature dependence of the voltage slope of conductance jump was clarified. A Y-branch BDD node device using two SG branch switches was successfully fabricated, and realized clear path switching characteristics.     

一种故障树分析的新算法

本论文中，首先引入了ＢＤＤ（ＢｒｉｎａｒｙＤｅｃｉｓｉｏｎＤｉａｇｒａｍｓ－ＢＤＤ）的概念，介绍由故障树到ＢＤＤ转化算法一递归法，及ＢＤＤ进行故障树分析的方法。     

基于数据仓库技术的银行决策支持系统研究与设计

通过对银行决策支持系统的功能需求进行分析。给出了基于数据仓库技术的银行决策支持系统结构设计与实现过程，并对设计过程中涉及的决策支持系统的体系结构、技术特点进行深人的研究，提出一些新的实现方法。     

银行贷款项目评估决策支持系统(PEDSS)

介绍了一个实用的专用ＤＳＳ项目评估决策支持系统（ＰｒｏｊｅｃｔＥｖａｌｕａｔｉｏｎＤｅｃｉ－ｓｉｏｎＳｕｐｐｏｒｔＳｙｓｔｅｍ，简称ＰＥＤＳＳ）的系统构成、系统功能及系统的整体框架．提出了一个用菜单形式解决半结构化问题的方法及适应不同决策者、不同决策风格的一种模块设计方法     

我国证券市场联合投资决策模型研究

文章在分析机构投资者和个人投资者投资博弈的基础上 ,根据 2种投资行为的特点 ,选择了联合投资决策模型 ,并通过对该模型的分析 ,来决定投资者的最佳投资策略 ,最后就行为金融学对该模型的影响进行了阐述。