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91.
92.
速差动力学分析及其应用进展 总被引:9,自引:2,他引:9
速差动力学分析是不经分离同时或连续测定混合物中性质密切相关的多组份的重要方法。本文综述了该法在1989-1992年间国内外新进展,尤着重其在有机,生物混合物中多组份分析的应用及新的计算方法,化学计量学的引入。引用最新文献67篇。 相似文献
93.
The polarography of lead ion in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) was investigated in the DMSO concentration range 0–80 vol.%. The complex species identified were Pb2(DMSO)4+3, Pb(DMSO)2+3 and Pb(DMSO)2+6 in [DMSO]<10 vol.%, 10< [DMSO]<43 vol.% and [DMSO]>43 vol.%, respectively. In the presence of pamoic acid, the reduction of lead ion in DMSO was two-electron reversible diffusion-controlled at pH≤6.0, but it became irreversible at pH>6.0. The complex species identified was Pb(Dm)2(Pm)3(OH)6? at pH>6.0. The rate constants of electro-reduction and electro-oxidation, activation energies were determined. The hydrolysis constants of lead ion in dimethyl sulfoxide concentration 40–70 vol.% at pH 4.5–6.0 were found to be of the order of 10?6. The stability constants of the Pb(DMSO)2+3 and Pb(DMSO)2+0 were also determined to be of the orders of 101 and 105, respectively. 相似文献
94.
John E. Nicholas Andrew I. Spiers Nicholas A. Martin 《Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing》1986,6(1):39-51
Studies of time-resolved absorption spectra of transient species in the decomposition of NH3 by an r.f. pulse discharge together with product analysis showed that the major radical formed was NH at concentrations of the order of 10–6 mol dm–3 (105 molec. cm–3). Possible mechanisms for the formation of the radical during the discharge and its decay following pulse cut-off were tested by computer simulation of the kinetic data. Following zero-order formation with rate coefficient 0.19±0.03 mol dm–3 s–1, the decay was second order in NH with rate coefficient 2.1±0.5×109 mol–1 dm3 s–1 both for pure NH3 and where NH3/rare gas mixtures were investigated. The kinetic data are consistent with NH removal in a nonassociative radical-radical reaction proceeding via a short-lived collision complex, probably 2NH N2H2 N2 + H2. 相似文献
95.
《Arabian Journal of Chemistry》2020,13(10):7289-7301
Black pepper oils have been investigated frequently in the recent years. However, there is a significant variation in physicochemical properties and bioactivity of oils depended on extraction techniques. In this study, the systemic investigation of four various extraction methods was performed to evaluate the physicochemical characterizations, antioxidant and antibacterial activity. The investigation of 1H NMR, FTIR and UV–Vis spectra confirmed presence of non-volatile components in oils extracted through supercritical CO2 and hexane-soaking extractions which induced their typical thermal properties. The isothermal behaviour of extracted oils related to evaporation was within range of 3.2–7.3% (w/w) at 27 °C. The SEM images of the black pepper confirmed different operation manners of mechanism between extractions using the solvents and heating process. The lowest MIC for both essential oils from conventional hidrodistillation and microwave-assisted hidrodistillation against two bacteria including E. coli and B. subtilis were found to be 137 µg mL−1. The non-isothermal decomposition kinetics were investigated on the essential oil of microwave-assisted hydrodistillation extraction. The activation energies and pre-exponent factors of non-isothermal decomposition were found to be in range of 36.5–73.7 KJ mol−1 and 4.98 × 103–1.97 × 108 s−1, respectively, dependent on conversional fractions of the oil. The results revealed that chemical components, physicochemical properties and bioactivity of black pepper essential oils depended on the extraction techniques. 相似文献
96.
J. Zsakó 《Journal of Thermal Analysis and Calorimetry》1996,46(6):1845-1864
Four many curves methods, viz. calculation techniques based on Eqs (30), (31), (34) and (36), respectively, for deriving kinetic parameters from several TG curves recorded with different heating rates are tested on two sets of theoretical TG curves. The maximum reaction rate temperature and conversion, as well as the approximate formulae used for their calculation are discussed. Some aspects of the kinetic compensation effect are analysed. The final conclusion is that the use of the many curves methods is not reasonable. 相似文献
97.
98.
The relaxation field for solutions of mixed electrolytes of any type is calculated. the calculation is based on the well-known
treatment due to Fuoss-Onsager with the same distance parameter for all the ions in solution. A general conductance-continuity
equation has been established and an improved iterative method of calculation, using Laplace transforms, is proposed. The
relaxation-field results are derived to the second iteration in the perturbation method of integration. 相似文献
99.
Matioli Graciette Zanin Gisella M. De Moraes Flávio F. 《Applied biochemistry and biotechnology》2002,98(1-9):947-961
The influence of substrate or product level on the initial velocity of cyclodextrin (CD) production by cyclodextringlycosyltransferase
from a Brazilian isolate of Bacillus firmus was studied. Our results indicate that the product γ-CD is a stronger inhibitor to the reaction than β-CD. Small saccharides
could also inhibit CD production, although to a lesser extent than the products, and maltose was the strongest inhibitor among
small saccharides. Increasing substrate concentration resulted in greater reduction on enzyme activity for the formation of
β-CD than for γ-CD. We modeled the kinetics of CD production with a set of four reversible reactions including the cyclization/coupling
reaction that forms/opens CDs, and three disproportionation reactions. Our model on the initial velocity data explained well
the substrate inhibition phenomenon. Kinetic parameters were determined by fitting the initial velocity data into our model. 相似文献
100.
咪唑类化合物-CuCl络合催化剂在甲醇氧化羰基化反应中的催化性能 总被引:21,自引:0,他引:21
研究了咪唑及其衍生物配合CuCl对甲醇液相氧化羰化合成碳酸二甲酯的催化性能。筛选出溶解性好、腐蚀性小且催化活性高的多功能助催剂。实验结果表明,反应体系中加入N-甲基咪唑后,CuCl可以完全溶解。当催化剂的浓度为0.2 mol/L, N-甲基咪唑与CuCl的量为4∶1,反应温度为120 ℃,反应压力为2.40 MPa,CO与O2的进气比2∶1,反应3 h的条件下甲醇的摩尔转化率为15.4%,选择性为98%以上。从腐蚀性试验结果看,50 ℃时,加入N-甲基咪唑化合物后,Q235钢在CuCl/CH3OH/H2O/CO/O2体系中的腐蚀速率为0.22mm/a,缓蚀效率为94.5%。动力学研究表明,反应近似为一级,加入N-甲基咪唑后,反应速率常数为0.15 min-1。 相似文献