复合纤维增强混凝土阻尼测试装置开发与试验研究

纤维与聚合物的掺入可以明显改善混凝土材料的阻尼性能。本文首先给出了正弦交变激励下粘弹性材料三点弯曲梁阻尼特性关系,其次首次自主开发了大尺寸材料的阻尼性能测试装置,然后利用开发的装置在频率(0.5~2.0Hz)条件下测定了6种不同配比复合纤维增强阻尼混凝土的损耗因子与储存模量,最后对纤维的阻尼增强机理进行了初步探讨。试验结果表明:复合纤维增强阻尼混凝土与素混凝土相比,提高了混凝土的损耗因子80%~200%。主要原因是聚合物分子在外力作用下的内耗增加了普通混凝土的阻尼能力,而纤维的阻尼增强机理在于纤维的掺入增加了纤维与水泥基材的界面摩擦力。     

高折射率芯Bragg光纤的气体传感特性

应用全矢量有限元方法,分析了高折射率芯Bragg光纤的气体传感特性,通过计算Bragg光纤的结构参数、传输光波长与其传感灵敏度之间的关系,结果发现：同等条件下,传输波长越长,高折射率纤芯半径越小,高折射率介质折射率越低,高折射率芯Bragg光纤的传感灵敏度则越高.     

Short Tm3+-doped fiber lasers with watt-level output near 2 μm

High-power operation of diode-pumped fiber lasers at wavelength near 2μm are demonstrated with short length of heavily Tm3 -doped silica glass fibers. With 7-cm long fiber, a laser at near 2 μm is obtained with the threshold of 135 mW, maximum output power of 1.09 W, and slope efficiency of 9.6% with respect to the launched power from a laser diode at 790 nm. The output stability of this fiber laser is within 5%.The dependence of the performance of fiber lasers on the operation temperature and cavity configuration parameters is also investigated.     

多孔微结构光纤中飞秒激光脉冲超连续谱的产生

报道了利用800nm飞秒激光脉冲在多孔微结构光纤中产生超连续谱展宽的现象，连续谱展宽范围为440—890nm.基于标量波近似理论对微结构光纤包层的有效折射率和基模的有效面积以及光纤的色散特性进行了计算，发现微结构光纤具有特殊的控制色散和波导特性的能力，对超连续谱展宽的机理进行了初步解释.本文的理论分析和实验结果有较好的一致性，认为即使包层由无序填充气线组成的多孔微结构光纤也可以出现超连续谱展宽效应. 关键词： 多孔微结构光纤 超连续谱 有效折射率 色散     

TiO2/activated carbon fibers photocatalyst: Effects of coating procedures on the microstructure, adhesion property, and photocatalytic ability

In order to more easily separate TiO₂ photocatalyst from the treated wastewater, TiO₂ film was immobilized on the surface of activated carbon fibers (ACFs) by employing two kinds of coating procedures, dip-coating, and hydrothermal treatment. The effects of coating procedures on microstructure of TiO₂-coated ACFs (TiO₂/ACFs), such as morphology, porous property, crystal structure, and light absorption characteristics were investigated in detail. The adhesion property between TiO₂ film and ACFs was evaluated by ultrasonic vibration, and the photocatalytic activity of TiO₂/ACFs was tested by the photocatalytic decoloration of methylene blue solution. The results show that hydrothermal treatment presented many advantages to obtain high-performance TiO₂/ACFs photocatalyst in comparison with dip-coating. Hydrothermal treatment could improve the binding property between TiO₂ films and ACFs, which endowed the as-obtained TiO₂/ACFs photocatalyst with improved reusable performance, and TiO₂/ACFs synthesized by hydrothermal treatment presented higher photocatalytic activity.     

纤维协同效应下超高性能混凝土的弯曲性能

为研究钢-聚丙烯粗纤维对超高性能混凝土（UHPC）的弯拉性能影响，采用四点弯曲试验，得到不同掺量（钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数分别为0、0.5%、1.0%、1.5%）组合下的荷载-挠度曲线，从试件破坏形态、抗弯强度、弯曲韧性等方面进行阐述，并且利用单掺纤维拟合公式引出一个可行性较高的评价模型，并利用该模型对混杂纤维的协同效应进行分析，最后结合扫描电子显微镜（SEM）对混杂纤维UHPC微观结构进行观测。试验结果表明：钢-聚丙烯粗纤维的掺入显著提高了UHPC的抗弯强度，提高幅度为17.8%～101.2%；同时利用提出的模型发现混杂纤维的协同效应在总纤维掺入体积分数为1.5%～2.0%时呈现正协同效应，并在钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%时取得最好的正协同效应；另外，与不掺纤维的试件相比，钢纤维与聚丙烯粗纤维的加入分别使基体试件的初裂韧度提升了51.8%～98.2%与33.9%～48.2%，同时在钢纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%和聚丙烯粗纤维掺入体积分数为1.0%的搭配比例下，对UHPC弯曲韧性的改善效果最优，进一步验证了纤维协同效应评价模型；最后在微观层面揭示了纤维混杂产生的协同...     

On stress-based piecewise elasticity for limited strain extensibility materials

A one-dimensional stress-based elasticity model with limited strain extensibility is developed in this paper, based on thermodynamics arguments. Such nonlinear elastic models can be used to model certain rubber-like and biological materials with limiting chain extensibility. The derived constitutive function is a non-smooth piecewise expression, which can be regularized for numerical or physical considerations. This non-smooth constitutive expression is derived from a Gibbs potential. A three-dimensional extension of this stress-based model is also proposed in the paper. Some simple structural examples are investigated for a bar composed of this non-smooth elastic body. A homogeneous bar composed of this new class of nonlinear elastic material that is loaded is studied for different tension states, namely for concentrated or distributed axial loading. It is shown that the displacement limit extensibility can be observed at the structural scale, with finite or infinite axial load parameters.     

Monte-Carlo simulation of a compact gamma-ray detector using wavelength-shifting fibers coupled to a YAP scintillation crystal

The production and transportation of fluorescent light produced in wavelength-shifting fibers (WSFs) coupled to YAP scintillation crystal is simulated using the GEANT4 codes.An advantage of the wavelength-shifting fiber readout technique over a direct readout with a position-sensitive photo-sensor is the reduced requirement for position sensitive photomultiplier tube photocathode area.With this gamma-ray detector,the gamma camera is small and flexible and has larger effective field of view and low cost.Simulation results show that a) a mean 12 of photons per 59.5 keV gamma ray interaction is produced in the WSF located nearest to the incident gamma ray,and a spatial resolution of 3.6 mm FWHM is obtained,b)a mean 27 of photons per 140 keV gamma ray interaction is produced and a spatial resolution of 3.1 mm FWHM is obtained.Results demonstrate the feasibility of this concept of a compact gamma-ray detector based on wavelength-shifting fibers readout.However,since the very low photoelectron levels,it is very important to use a photon counting device with good single photo-electron response to readout the WSFs.