冰镍的电化学行为 第一部分:硫酸盐体系中硫化镍阳极电化学溶解动力学

本文采用旋转圆盘电极并结合线性扫描、恒电位单阶跃、恒电流电解、循环伏安等电化学测试方法综合考察了Ni_3S_2在硫酸盐溶液中的阳极电化学溶解动力学规律,查明了其活性溶解反应的控制步骤;并利用Au-Hg齐环电极检测到中间硫氧离子的还原电流,提出了Ni_3S_2阳极分段溶解逐步氧化的反应机理。求取了反应速度常数、固相扩散系数、反应活化能等动力学参数。本文是冰镍电化学行为研究工作之一。     

论民事诉讼举证责任分配——以真实案例为样本

我国民事诉讼中以"谁主张,谁举证"为一般规则,以此奠定了举证责任分配的基本制度。基于公平原则,又设置了举证责任倒置和司法裁量的规定。举证责任倒置是针对举证责任分配的一般规则而言,是法律规定的倒置。司法裁量权是举证责任规定的有力补充,但常被滥用,限制人身自由权的民事案件应明确规定属于举证责任倒置范围内。     

加强制度建设促进道德进步

通过社会关系、生产实践、社会分工三个方面分析,论述了制度与道德的内在联系,阐明了制度中具有的伦理蕴含.通过对制度的群体性、稳定性、强制性的分析论述,论证了制度在道德建设中对人“集体观念的形式”、“道德的养成”、“扬善抑恶作用的发挥”的积极促进作用.并结合实际进一步论证了市场经济条件下,提高制度建设中的伦理蕴含,加强制度建设作为传统道德教育方式的必要补充,是新时期加强道德建设的有效途径.     

云南省龙陵地区温泉水化学特征及其成因分析

高黎贡山地区越岭隧道施工过程中可能遇到高热流体等地质灾害,为了在施工过程中对可能遇见的水体的来源和水质特性有一个总体的把握,利用比例系数法,结合同位素水化学资料,对云南省龙陵地区的温泉水的化学特性进行了分析。结果显示,龙陵地区的温泉水的矿化度较低;水-岩作用主要为溶滤、溶解作用和同离子效应;地下水循环和径流条件良好,温泉水补给来源为大气降水;温泉水为未变质水。     

蚯蚓纤溶酶壳聚糖微球的制备及性质

以蚯蚓纤溶酶为生物大分子模式药物,研究壳聚糖载药微球的制备方法及对药物活性和稳定性 的影响.以壳聚糖为原料,采用超声乳化交联法制备壳聚糖微球,分别吸附和包埋蚯蚓纤溶酶.在油水体积比 15/1,搅拌转速800 r/min,1 mL戊二醛作为交联剂,超声处理5 min条件下乳化交联制备微球,包埋法具有 较高的栽药率和...     

氮气的溶解及抽提效应对原油性质的影响

氮气混相驱、非混相驱过程中由于存在氮气的溶解及抽提(蒸发)效应,使原油组分和原油的物理化学性质均发生变化.通过PVT相态实验研究表明,原油注入氮气后原油体系组成、性质变化明显,随着氮气注入比例的增加,原油的饱和压力、膨胀系数、体积系数、气油比增加,原油黏度、密度则减小;氮气溶解明显改善了原油的流动性质,增强了油藏驱动能量,有利于提高采收率.原油脱气过程中由于抽提(蒸发)效应对原油性质也有一定影响,但影响相对小一些,不会对近井地带原油生产带来明显负面影响.     

利用铝灰制备聚合氯化铝工艺参数的优化

以铝灰为原料,用一步酸溶法制备高效无机高分子的多价聚合电解质混凝剂聚合氯化铝.研究了铝灰、HCl、水三者配比,以及反应温度、反应时间、熟化温度、熟化时间、搅拌速度等参数对聚合氯化铝的性能影响,确定了制备聚合氯化铝的最佳工艺条件：初始加水量为15 mL,酸水比为1,投加量3 g,反应时间2 h,反应温度85℃,熟化时间4...     

生物柴油合成反应中KNO3/Al2O3催化剂的活性物种与失活研究

制备了KNO₃/Al₂O₃负载型固体碱催化剂，通过XRD、DRIFT、低温氮吸附、ICP和碱度滴定等手段对催化剂表面性质进行了表征，研究了其对大豆油与甲醇酯交换制备生物柴油的催化性能，剖析了在反应过程中该催化剂的催化本质以及失活原因。结果表明，高温焙烧后Al₂O₃表面KNO₃完全分解，形成了大量偏铝酸钾分散在载体表面；在酯交换反应时Al₂O₃表面的偏铝酸盐等活性组分不断溶出并参与反应，这是该催化剂表现出高活性的主要原因。在反应过程中生成的产物生物柴油和甘油对催化剂的活性有很大影响，其中，生物柴油与活性物种发生的皂化反应是造成催化剂失活的主要原因。     

Improved stability and dispersity of ZnO@PANI nanocomposites aqueous suspension

The high dispersion and stability of a nanocomposites suspension are required as a crucial factor in many of their applications. In this study, ZnO nanosheets covered with polyaniline (PANI) thin layer (ZnO@PANI) were synthesized by a simple in‐situ polymerization. The as‐prepared ZnO@PANI powders were well characterized by XRD, Raman, FTIR, XPS and photoluminescence spectra, as well as SEM and TEM techniques. The effect of PANI incorporation on the chemical dissolution and dispersing stability of ZnO aqueous suspension was investigated. Dissolution experiments showed that the dissolution of ZnO was effectively restrained by the surface‐hybridized PANI layer. ZnO@PANI suspension can be more stable in a wider pH range. Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis indicated that ZnO@PANI particles were thoroughly dispersed in the neutral and alkaline solution as proven by the emergence of a single distribution with a high diffused intensity. Sedimentation experiments suggested that ZnO@PANI suspension was a more stable dispersion taking into account the effect of pH and ionic strength.     

Hydrophilic and Functionalized Nanographene Oxide Incorporated Faster Dissolving Megestrol Acetate

The aim of this work is to present an approach to enhance the dissolution of progestin medication, megestrol acetate (also known as MEGACE), for improving the dissolution rate and kinetic solubility by incorporating nano graphene oxide (nGO). An antisolvent precipitation process was investigated for nGO-drug composite preparation, where prepared composites showed crystalline properties that were similar to the pure drug but enhanced aqueous dispersibility and colloidal stability. To validate the efficient release profile of composite, in vitro dissolution testing was carried out using United States Pharmacopeia, USP-42 paddle method, with gastric pH (1.4) and intestinal pH (6.5) solutions to mimic in vivo conditions. Pure MA is practically insoluble (2 µg/mL at 37 °C). With the incorporation of nGO, it was possible to dissolve nearly 100% in the assay. With the incorporation of 1.0% of nGO, the time required to dissolve 50% and 80% of drug, namely T₅₀ and T₈₀, decreased from 138.0 min to 27.0 min, and the drug did not dissolve for 97.0 min in gastric media, respectively. Additionally, studies done in intestinal media have revealed T₅₀ did not dissolve for 92.0 min. This work shows promise in incorporating functionalized nanoparticles into the crystal lattice of poorly soluble drugs to improve dissolution rate.