全文获取类型
收费全文 | 12583篇 |
免费 | 1827篇 |
国内免费 | 2271篇 |
专业分类
化学 | 9089篇 |
晶体学 | 116篇 |
力学 | 120篇 |
综合类 | 98篇 |
数学 | 36篇 |
物理学 | 4274篇 |
综合类 | 2948篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 34篇 |
2023年 | 122篇 |
2022年 | 273篇 |
2021年 | 336篇 |
2020年 | 406篇 |
2019年 | 375篇 |
2018年 | 381篇 |
2017年 | 429篇 |
2016年 | 533篇 |
2015年 | 521篇 |
2014年 | 650篇 |
2013年 | 1061篇 |
2012年 | 863篇 |
2011年 | 766篇 |
2010年 | 619篇 |
2009年 | 780篇 |
2008年 | 733篇 |
2007年 | 811篇 |
2006年 | 803篇 |
2005年 | 711篇 |
2004年 | 692篇 |
2003年 | 612篇 |
2002年 | 577篇 |
2001年 | 452篇 |
2000年 | 445篇 |
1999年 | 351篇 |
1998年 | 283篇 |
1997年 | 296篇 |
1996年 | 243篇 |
1995年 | 228篇 |
1994年 | 180篇 |
1993年 | 170篇 |
1992年 | 182篇 |
1991年 | 128篇 |
1990年 | 116篇 |
1989年 | 113篇 |
1988年 | 110篇 |
1987年 | 64篇 |
1986年 | 38篇 |
1985年 | 26篇 |
1984年 | 22篇 |
1983年 | 17篇 |
1982年 | 22篇 |
1981年 | 9篇 |
1980年 | 16篇 |
1979年 | 17篇 |
1978年 | 16篇 |
1977年 | 12篇 |
1976年 | 18篇 |
1973年 | 5篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 15 毫秒
91.
The effect of low-energy ion bombardment on CD4/O2 and CF3X (X=F, Cl, Br) plasma etching has been assessed by applying controlled rf bias voltages on polystyrene (PS) and polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) samples. In both cases ion bombardment has been found to have a chemical effect. In the case of CF4/O2 discharges, ion bombardment has been found to change the relative etching efficiency of different mixtures. In the case of CF3X plasmas, ion bombardment has been found to alter PMMA and PS etch rates in a different way. In particular, the ratios between CF4 and CF3X (X=Cl, Br) etch rates of PS have been found to decrease with increasing bias voltage. This effect has been tentatively attributed to an ion bombardment-induced enhancement of the reaction between the aromatic ring and halogen molecules formed in CF3Cl and CF3Br discharges. 相似文献
92.
93.
以铜离子为模板的褐藻酸凝胶对铜离子的选择性富集研究 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
以铜离子为模板,制备了褐藻酸凝胶(Cu-alginate),通过吸附实验及过柱渗滤实验,试验了该吸附剂对铜离子的选择性吸附性能,并且采用该吸附剂富集了自来水中微量的Cu^2 ,结合原子吸收法测定了水样中Cu^2 的含量。结果表明:该吸附剂对Cu^2 有较高的选择性吸附性能,显著优于一些化学合成铜离子模板缩聚物及非铜模板褐藻酸凝胶(如Ca-alginate),非重金属离子(如K^ 、Na^ 、Ca^2 )及某些重金属离子(如Ni^2 、Cd^2 )等对Cu^2 的吸附均不产生明显干扰。用该吸附剂富集水中的微量铜离子,回收率可达97.7%。 相似文献
94.
《中国化学快报》2019,30(9):1659-1662
The development of efficient methods for the detection of hazardous and toxic elements is extremely important for environmental security and public health. In this work, we developed a facile colorimetric assaying system for Ag+ detection in aqueous solution. Chitosan-stabilized platinum nanoparticles (Ch-PtNPs) were synthesized and severed as an artificial oxidase to catalyze the oxidation of the substrate 3,3′,5,5′-tetramethylbenzidine (TMB) and generate color signal. In the presence of Ag+, due to the strong metallophilic interactions between Ag+ and Pt2+ on the surface of Ch-PtNPs, Ag+ can weaken the affinity to the substrates and inactivate the catalytic activity of Ch-PtNPs, leading to decreased absorbance signal to varying degrees depending on Ag+ amount. Combing the specific binding between Ch-PtNPs and Ag+ with signal amplification procedure based on the Ch-PtNPs-catalyzed TMB oxidation, a sensitive, selective, simple, cost-effective, and rapid detection method for Ag+ can be realized. Ag+ ions in tap and lake waters have been successfully detected. We ensured that the proposed method can be a potential alternative for Ag+ determination in environmental samples. 相似文献
95.
A total synthesis of d-(+)-biotin is described starting from d-(+)-glucosamine using acyliminium chemistry. 相似文献
96.
97.
W. Kunz J. Barthel L. Klein T. Cartailler P. Turq B. Reindl 《Journal of solution chemistry》1991,20(9):875-891
A variety of methods has been used for the study of lithium bromide solutions in acetonitrile yielding by their combination reliable information on different levels of approximation. Osmotic coefficients based on precise vapor pressure measurements are reproduced by CM (chemical model) and HNC (hypernetted chain) calculations and by BD (brownian dynamics) simulations. The results of neutron scattering experiments are treated with the help of HNC and BD methods. Hartree-Fock calculations on isolated LiBr pairs and solvated lithium ions yield reliable particle distances and reveal the geometry of the lithium solvation sphere. 相似文献
98.
99.
利用扫描电镜、热失重-红外、元素分析、低温氮吸附等技术和化学手段对聚羧酸基FFC-1离子交换纤维的结构与性能特点等进行了系统研究.结果表明:FFC-1离子交换纤维为含适量酰肼类交联键的聚羧酸(钠)型离子交换材料,外比表面积大和传质距离短是其反应动力学性能优异的主要原因,FFC-1纤维具有良好的化学与热稳定性。在5mol/L硫酸、硝酸、盐酸和2mol/L氢氧化钠溶液中浸泡,交换容量未见明显降低。但过氧化氢溶液对其功能基有明显破坏,CO2为FFC-1纤维在高温区间(300℃~350℃)的主要分解产物。 相似文献
100.
Studies of the vibrational spectra of matrix-isolated M+NO
3
–
ion pairs have been extended to glassy aprotic solvents. The deuterated form of the solvents DMSO, THF, and ACN have windows through the 7- nitrate ionv
3(e) mode infrared region, so it was possible to clearly observe the splitting of the degeneracy of this mode,v
3, produced by the contacting, but solvated, alkali metal cation. Primary attention has been directed to the extent to which this splitting is reduced relative to the argon matrix values. This reduction, which reflects electron-density transfer from the solvating molecules to the ion pairs, is comparable to that observed for H2O and NH3 matrices as the splitting is reduced to 20–35% of the argon-matrix values. The extent of reduction ofv
3 for the different solvents has been related to Gutmann's donicity number scale with the correlation holding well for solvent molecules of comparable size, DMSO, THF and DMF, but breaking down for the smaller linear ACN, apparently because of more molecules in the cation solvation sphere. The matrix data have also been used, through comparison with spectra for saturated liquid solutions of Li+NO
3
–
, to show that the contact ion pair is the dominant species in liquid THF and ACN, whereas the ions are largely solvent separated in DMSO. 相似文献