考虑应力集中的吊车梁多轴疲劳寿命预测

钢结构吊车梁在工业建筑中被广泛应用,应力集中的存在导致几何不连续位置在复杂应力下服役.借助有限元法分析吊车梁应力-应变状态,确定危险点位置,并提取应力、应变分量;以应变能密度作为损伤参量并以最大平面为临界面,基于能量准则建立临界面位置数值计算方法,结合有限元结果给出吊车梁临界面位置;考虑吊车梁在非对称载荷下服役,借助Goodman方程进行平均应力修正,并结合Q355D钢近似S-N曲线计算疲劳寿命.该方法考虑了应力集中处多轴应力对疲劳损伤的影响,可以为复杂应力下几何不连续钢构件的疲劳寿命评估提供新方法.     

灰色GM(1,1,k,k2)模型背景值及时间响应函数优化

本文提出了一种新的带有时间幂次项的灰色GM(1,1,k,k²)模型,给出了其灰微分方程和白化微分方程基本形式。基于最小二乘法获得了该模型参数估计值,并推导了该模型时间响应函数。鉴于GM(1,1,k,k²)模型灰微分方程与白化微分方程之间存在跳跃关系,首先对灰微分方程的背景值进行了优化,并推导了优化后的背景值计算公式。为了克服初始值的影响,根据误差平方和最小,进一步优化了GM(1,1,k,k²)模型时间响应函数。最后,该优化后的GM(1,1,k,k²)模型被应用于软土地基沉降预测,获得了较好的模拟预测效果,说明模型是可行的。     

Fastiterative methods for least squares estimations

Least squares estimations have been used extensively in many applications, e.g. system identification and signal prediction. When the stochastic process is stationary, the least squares estimators can be found by solving a Toeplitz or near-Toeplitz matrix system depending on the knowledge of the data statistics. In this paper, we employ the preconditioned conjugate gradient method with circulant preconditioners to solve such systems. Our proposed circulant preconditioners are derived from the spectral property of the given stationary process. In the case where the spectral density functions() of the process is known, we prove that ifs() is a positive continuous function, then the spectrum of the preconditioned system will be clustered around 1 and the method converges superlinearly. However, if the statistics of the process is unknown, then we prove that with probability 1, the spectrum of the preconditioned system is still clustered around 1 provided that large data samples are taken. For finite impulse response (FIR) system identification problems, our numerical results show that annth order least squares estimator can usually be obtained inO(n logn) operations whenO(n) data samples are used. Finally, we remark that our algorithm can be modified to suit the applications of recursive least squares computations with the proper use of sliding window method arising in signal processing applications.Research supported in part by HKRGC grant no. 221600070, ONR contract no. N00014-90-J-1695 and DOE grant no. DE-FG03-87ER25037.     

无初始状态统计知识时多变量系统的最优平滑与预报

在无初始状态统计知识的情况下,我们分别就固定点平滑、固定滞后平滑与预报３种情况给出了动态系统的最优线性最小偏差估计（ＢＬＩＭＢＥ）,同时还给出了完全（ｉ,ｊ,Ｔｉ）－可重构性的概念及系统完全（ｉ,ｊ,Ｔｉ）－可重构的充要条件     

城市地区GSM网络规划中的接收质量预测

在数字移动通信网络规划中,希望能对网络服务区内的信号接收质量进行预测,并尽可能减少大量的实测工作．文中以ＧＳＭ网络为背景,首先通过一定的信道模型完成了对不同环境下的多径衰落信道的模拟,然后利用软件模拟接收端对ＧＭＳＫ信号的Ｖｉｔｅｒｂｉ解调,综合考虑了瑞利衰落、阴影衰落、时延扩展、高斯白噪声及同频干扰对误码率的影响．模拟所得的结果是ＧＳＭ系统中典型市区环境下信道解码前对误码率与载干比的关系．最后在考虑了话务量对误码率的影响以后,提出了误码率的预测公式,从而实现了对ＧＳＭ网络接收质量的预测．     

复合采动影响下地表变形预测与危险区划分方法

矿山岩体工程开挖将改变原岩应力状态,由此引起岩体本身及周围一定区域的移动和变形,地下与露天复合开采的矿山更是如此,其变形速率之大、范围之广、时间之长已严重地影响周边环境的安全。通过对地下与露天复合采动影响下地表变形规律进行研究,建立了相应的移动模型。在此基础上,对移动参数的计算方法及地面变形区的划分方法等问题进行了研究。然后,依据当前形量和后续变形量大小,对矿山继续开采可能产生的破坏范围进行了划分     

巴谢河中游那勒寺灌区环境水文地质影响预测评价

采用水文地质学的数值法,对南阳渠灌溉工程实施后巴谢河河谷那勒寺灌区地下水位的变化及由其产生的环境水文地质问题进行了预测评价。结果表明,地下水流的数学模型及其边界条件概化正确,参数选取合理,预测精度较高。对实际生产问题有一定的指导作用。     

基于神经网络的股市预测

本文研究了基于神经网络的股票预测方法．针对目前存在的问题,提出了联合Davidon最小二乘算法及遗传算法来综合训练网络结构和权值的新方法．经对上证指数的模拟预测表明,通过合理地选取参数,可获得满意的预测效果．     

随机载荷下大型构件疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的预测

本文从影响疲劳裂纹扩展随机性的外因（载荷条件）和内因（材质的分布规律）着手,探讨它们的交互作用对随机载荷作用下构件疲劳裂纹扩展的影响,采用数值模拟的方法,对桥梁、船舶、飞机、特殊容器等大型构件所承受的实际载荷谱以及材料对裂纹扩展的阻力系数等进行模拟,并进而对疲劳裂纹的随机扩展过程进行模拟,提出随机载荷作用下大型构件疲劳裂纹扩展寿命的预测及其可靠性分析方法．     

Prediction of aqueous solubility of drugs and pesticides with COSMO-RS

The COSMO-RS method, originally developed for the prediction of liquid-liquid and liquid-vapor equilibrium constants based on quantum chemical calculations, has been extended to solid compounds by addition of a heuristic expression for the Gibbs free energy of fusion. By this addition, COSMO-RS is now capable of a priori prediction of aqueous solubilities of a wide range of typical neutral drug and pesticide compounds. Only three parameters in the heuristic expression have been fitted on a data set of 150 drug-like compounds. On these data an rms deviation of 0.66 log-units was achieved. Later, the model was tested on a set of 107 pesticides, which have been critically selected based on two experimental data sources and by a crosscheck with an independent HQSAR model. On this data set an rms of 0.61 log-units was achieved, without any adjustments to the structurally extremely diverse pesticides. This result verifies the ability of this extended COSMO-RS to predict aqueous solubilities of drugs and pesticides of almost arbitrary structural classes. The new method is COSMO-RSol.