Estimation of the total population moving into and out of the 20 km evacuation zone during the Fukushima NPP accident as calculated using “Auto-GPS” mobile phone data

The first objective data showing the geographical locations of people in Fukushima after the Fukushima Dai-ichi nuclear power plant accident, obtained by an analysis of GPS (Global Positioning System)-enabled mobile phone logs, are presented. The method of estimation is explained, and the flow of people into and out of the 20 km evacuation zone during the accident is visualized.     

The thermophysical properties of low‐temperature Pb plasma

The thermophysical properties of low‐temperature Pb plasma are calculated at temperatures 10–100 kK and densities below 0.2 of the solid‐state value. The thermodynamic values (pressure and internal energy) and transport coefficients (electrical conductivity, thermal conductivity, and thermal power) are considered. The plasma composition and thermodynamic parameters are obtained within the chemical approach, namely by means of the solution of the corresponding system of the coupled mass action law equations. Atom ionization up to +4 is taken into consideration. The electronic transport coefficients are calculated within the relaxation time approximation. The results obtained by means of the present model are compared with the available data of other models and experiments.     

Internal plasticization of poly(vinyl) chloride using glutamic acid as a branched linker to incorporate four plasticizers per anchor point

Internal plasticization of polyvinyl chloride (PVC) using thermal azide‐alkyne Huisgen dipolar cycloaddition between azidized PVC and electron‐poor acetylenediamides incorporating a branched glutamic acid linker resulted in incorporation of four plasticizing moieties per attachment point on the polymer chain. A systematic study incorporating either alkyl or polyethylene glycol esters provided materials with varying degrees of plasticization, with depressed T_g values ranging from ?1 °C to 62 °C. Three interesting trends were observed. First, T_g values of PVC bearing various internal plasticizers were shown to decrease with increasing chain length of the plasticizing ester. Second, branched internal plasticizers bearing triethylene glycol chains had lower T_g values compared to those with similar length long‐chain alkyl groups. Finally, thermogravimetric analysis of these internally plasticized PVC samples revealed that these branched internal plasticizers bearing alkyl chains are more thermally stable than similarity branched plasticizers bearing triethylene glycol units. These internal tetra‐plasticizers were synthesized and attached to PVC‐azide in three simple synthetic steps. © 2019 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part A: Polym. Chem. 2019 , 57, 1821–1835     

Degradation of a polyester‐urethane coating: Physical properties

In this article we studied the evolution of thermomechanical properties of a polyester‐urethane coating during degradation under different degradation conditions, i.e., aerobic and anaerobic conditions with and without dry/wet cycling during degradation. Dynamic mechanical and thermal analyses show that under aerobic conditions the coatings become stiffer and more brittle in the glassy state. This stiffening is probably due to the increase in the amount of hydrogen bonding and the formation of oxidized groups which increase the polarity of the material and enhance the interactions of the polymer segments. However, oxidation reactions result in a considerable decrease in cross‐link density and stiffness in the rubbery state. Both changes, in the glassy and rubbery states, give rise to development of internal stresses. These stresses increase as the degradation process proceeds. Nevertheless, for samples exposed to anaerobic conditions, the stiffness remains constant in the glassy state and the cross‐link density slightly increases as a result of degradation. This reconfirms the dominance of the effect of oxidation reactions on the mechanical failure of the coatings. Oxygen permeation measurements show a more‐or‐less time‐independent diffusion coefficient and a gradual decrease in solubility of oxygen as a function of exposure time. This results in a slight decrease in oxygen permeation (mainly in the early stage of the degradation) as degradation proceeds. © 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J. Polym. Sci., Part B: Polym. Phys. 2016 , 54, 659–671     

珊瑚礁算法的改进研究

珊瑚礁算法易于陷入局部最优且寻优精度低，因此提出一种改进的珊瑚礁算法.此算法借鉴粒子群算法、高斯变异和模拟退火算法的思想改进珊瑚礁算法的内部有性繁殖、无性繁殖和更替机制，提高了算法的寻优精度并可跳出局部最优.在仿真实验中，将改进珊瑚礁算法与基本珊瑚礁算法和粒子群算法等10种算法分别在高维和低维测试函数下进行比较.实验结果表明，改进的珊瑚礁算法不仅较其他算法具有更好的收敛速度和精度，而且在高维测试函数中，仍然可以保持良好的性能.     

深水沉积研究综述及未来方向

深水沉积自上世纪50年代开始为人们所关注。深水沉积理论在争论中发展,并取得了一定的成就。由于对深水沉积研究相对较少,因此对深水沉积作用认识十分有限。回顾深水沉积的研究历程、概览其研究现状,对于总结存在问题、展望发展方向具有深远的意义。通过大量调研国内外深水沉积研究实例,概述了它们的研究进展,详细阐述了基于浊流沉积理论而建立的海底扇模式,等深流沉积的垂向层序,内潮汐沉积的特征及形成机理。同时,文中指出当前深水沉积研究存在的若干问题:深水重力流沉积研究尚存在诸多争论,深水牵引流沉积的识别仍存在困难。深水沉积物成因复杂,未来的深水沉积研究应注重多学科交叉发展,建立深水牵引流和深水重力流两种搬运机制共同作用的深水沉积模式,提高深水沉积物的可预测性,进而指导深水油气勘探。     

机械制浆过程磨机负荷内模PI控制

针对双盘磨机在运行过程中具有大滞后、大惯性及非线性等特点,内模控制作为一种先进控制策略,鉴于其对过程模型精度要求不高等优点,提出了一种基于内模控制原理的PI控制方法,该方法设计的控制器仅有一个可调参数,且通过最大灵敏度指标实现其整定,有效避免了控制器整定的复杂性与随机性.仿真结果表明,与常规PID控制相比,所提方法可有效减小模型参数变化及各种干扰对系统性能的影响,满足机械制浆生产过程对控制器性能的要求,保证磨机安全稳定运行,实现了磨机负荷的稳定化控制,为机械制浆过程综合自动化系统的实施奠定基础.     

浅谈如何办好企业内部刊物——以《电力职工教育培训》为例

介绍了《电力职工教育培训》杂志的历史和面临的严峻发展形势,提出了破解《电力职工教育培训》发展瓶颈的有效举措。     

Ultra high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole-time of flight analysis for the identification and the determination of resveratrol and its metabolites in mouse plasma

Resveratrol is a polyphenol that has numerous interesting biological properties, but, per os, it is quickly metabolized. Some of its metabolites are more concentrated than resveratrol, may have greater biological activities, and may act as a kind of store for resveratrol. Thus, to understand the biological impact of resveratrol on a physiological system, it is crucial to simultaneously analyze resveratrol and its metabolites in plasma. This study presents an analytical method based on UHPLC-Q-TOF mass spectrometry for the quantification of resveratrol and of its most common hydrophilic metabolites. The use of ¹³C- and D-labeled standards specific to each molecule led to a linear calibration curve on a larger concentration range than described previously. The use of high resolution mass spectrometry in the full scan mode enabled simultaneous identification and quantification of some hydrophilic metabolites not previously described in mice. In addition, UHPLC separation, allowing run times lower than 10 min, can be used in studies that requiring analysis of many samples.